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The German-Russian expedition KuramBio II (Kurile-Kamchatka Biodiversity Studies II) with RV Sonne has been performed between 16.8.–26.9.2016 in the Kurile-Kamchatka Trench (KKT) region (SO-250). This expedition follows the Russian-German SoJaBio (Sea of Japan Biodiversity Studies) expedition to the Sea of Japan in 2010, the German-Russian KuramBio...
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... A1, 8251 m) to 384 (St. 105, A11, 9540 m) and significantly increased with depth (Figure 8). At the bottom of the trench the highest abundance of macrobenthic animals was revealed (up to 384 specimens per sample). ...
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... any deeper station. At the same time at the depths between 5300 and 8000 m the important role played Rhachotropis sp. 1. Deeper the dominance of two other phoxocephalid species (Harpiniinae sp. 1 and H. sp. 6) could be noticed. At the deepest station the sample was dominated by two species from the family Pardaliscidae - Princaxelia cf. jamiesoni (Fig. 78) and Pardaliscidae sp. 8. The first species was caught in large numbers in baited traps which can suggest the presence of carrion in the area sampled (Lörz 2010). Additionally to the species identification tissue samples for DNA extraction were taken and total DNA was extracted from 112 individuals from 14 families. The amplification of ...
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... collection was Pseudotanais (Fig. 81 E) -the only genus of the family Pseudotanaididae. Before KuramBio, only four species from this genus were known in the NW (P. vitjazi Kudinova-Pasternak, 1970, P. nipponicus McLelland, 2007, P. intortus Błażewicz-Paszkowycz, Bamber & Jóźwiak, 2013, Pseudotanais soja Błażewicz-Paszkowycz, Bamber & Jóźwiak (Fig. 82). The preliminary identification of 108 specimens allows to distinguish at least 5 distinctive species, although more species are expected to be discovered using molecular methods (barcoding). The diversity (and proably abundance) of Tanaidacea decreases with the depth gradient. Below 8200 m only members of the family Akanthophoreidae ...
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... The preliminary identification of 108 specimens allows to distinguish at least 5 distinctive species, although more species are expected to be discovered using molecular methods (barcoding). The diversity (and proably abundance) of Tanaidacea decreases with the depth gradient. Below 8200 m only members of the family Akanthophoreidae were found (Fig. 83). The stations with lower tanaidacean diversity and abundance were A3 ...
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... occurred at 12 stations and six areas of the expedition at depths range from 5120 to 8738 m (Table 22). Cryptoniscium larvae were represented by at least 5 morphospecies. Three species were found at the abyssal stations. From these cumacean infesting Cryptoniscoidea gen.sp.1 (Fig. 85) was more frequent, occurring at three areas and gen sp.2 - at two areas. Another two species (sp. 3 and 4) were found at the hadal depths (6445 and 8738 m). These are the deepest findings of epicarideans until ...
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... almost 50% in the hadal. On the stations 52 and 53 (8704-8743 m) only one species - Platycuma sp. (Nannastacidae) (Fig. 87) was found and on the deepest station 77 (9427 m) no cumacean specimens was found. Gamo, 1989; G -Campylaspis sp. Scale bars: 5 ...
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... clade. Of these collected specimens, 124 specimens of five vetigastropod and fifteen caenogastropod species were found at hadal depth. The greatest number of specimens were found at area A8 (N = 309) and no specimens were collected at area 11. I found twenty-three specimens of a seguenzioid species (Trenchia? sp.) in the clade Vetigastropoda (Fig. 88) ...
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... between 1 mm and 1 cm at any depth and on any substrate. The Agassiz trawl, with a mesh size of 1 cm, seems to be the least effective gear to capture small abyssal polychaetes, but more suitable for capture large adult worms. The preliminary identification of Polychaeta was mainly possible for AGT and MSN- samples during the expedition (Table 24, Fig. 89). Totally about 76 species from 70 genera and 41 families have been identified from AGT and MSN-samples so far. After the preliminary identification some of them species seem to be new to science. The most abundant families were the Sabelliriidae (ca. 370 spec.), the Capitellidae (280 spec.), the Fauveliopsidae (220 spec.), the ...
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... distribution of polychaetes within AGT-stations varied significantly. Polychaete abundance in terms of number of specimens ranged from 4 to 680, and the number of species per station ranged from 5 to 26 (Fig. 87). The highest number of species was found at the area A8 (5150 m) and the high polychaete abundance was observed at the A10 (5500 m). The lowest abundance and number of species from AGT-samples were found at the hadal stations at the area A1, A4 and A7 (8200-9580 m). The diversity of polychaetes at the hadal stations A9 and A11 was also ...
Citations
The role of geomorphological features as drivers for benthic deep-sea biodiversity remains poorly understood. By disentangling the putative Haploniscus belyaevi Birstein, 1963a species complex from the abysso-hadal Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (KKT) region in the North-west Pacific Ocean, we aim to shed light on deep-sea differentiation and how it is related to potential bathymetric barriers such as the KKT and the Kuril-Island Ridge (KIR). Our integrative taxonomic approach featured morphological and molecular delimitation methods, also considering the post-marsupial development due to pronounced sexual dimorphism. Mitochondrial 16S and COI markers were sequenced and several molecular species delimitation methods were applied. By combining the different results we were able to delineate six distinct species within the belyaevi complex, including several morphologically cryptic species, and found hints of three additional species groups in the complex. Even though several of these species were distributed across the KKT and/or KIR, limited gene flow and depth-differentiation were indicated supporting previous notions that these geomorphological features play a role in deep-sea benthos speciation.
