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With the deepening of educational reforms, rural basic education has garnered increasing societal attention. Family education, as a critical factor influencing children's development, demonstrates unique significance in rural areas. This study aims to explore the fundamental characteristics of positive parenting styles among rural primary school st...
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... t -test analysis method was used to examine the differences among students of different grades, while the ANOVA analysis method was employed to investigate the differences in warmth, autonomy support, and provision of assistance among different main caregivers of family children, the number of children in the family, and the educational level of the main caregivers of family children. The specific situation is shown in Table 4. ...Citations
... From the time a child learns to speak, the learning resources provided by the family, the learning atmosphere, and the degree of parental involvement in learning activities implicitly influence the child's learning trajectory [35]. A home learning environment that is rich in children's books, has dedicated study time and separate study areas, and in which parents are active in tutoring reading, writing, and supervising homework can greatly stimulate children's interest in learning, develop good study habits, and enhance their learning abilities [17]. The home learning environment consists of several elements, including the physical, psychological, and social environments [23]. ...
The purpose of this study is to develop a set of scientific and valid home learning environment scales to provide a quantitative tool for related research and practice. Based on social learning theory, this study modified the design of the questionnaire from previous studies and invited experts to review and evaluate the content of the items to ensure content validity. Through two pretests, the first with a sample size of 54 for initial exploration and the second with a sample size of 494 for in-depth validation, the performance of the scale was assessed using exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, discriminant analysis, and structural equation modeling. The results showed that the scale reliability and validity of the final five retained items were good and could measure the home learning environment more accurately. However, the study has problems such as incomplete dimension coverage, sample limitation and single method. Future research could expand the dimensions of the scale, enlarge the sample range, and combine multiple research methods. The scale developed in this study makes up for the shortcomings of the existing scales and is of great significance in promoting the research and optimization of the home learning environment.
The purpose of this study is to develop a set of scientific and valid home learning environment scales to provide a quantitative tool for related research and practice. Based on social learning theory, this study modified the design of the questionnaire from previous studies and invited experts to review and evaluate the content of the items to ensure content validity. Through two pretests, the first with a sample size of 54 for initial exploration and the second with a sample size of 494 for in-depth validation, the performance of the scale was assessed using exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, discriminant analysis, and structural equation modeling. The results showed that the scale reliability and validity of the final five retained items were good and could measure the home learning environment more accurately. However, the study has problems such as incomplete dimension coverage, sample limitation and single method. Future research could expand the dimensions of the scale, enlarge the sample range, and combine multiple research methods. The scale developed in this study makes up for the shortcomings of the existing scales and is of great significance in promoting the research and optimization of the home learning environment.
