Tensile strength.

Tensile strength.

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Bio-composite materials are gaining momentum as eco-friendly substitutes for synthetic fiber-reinforced composites across various sectors. This study investigates how varying fine powder loads affect the tensile, transverse, and compressive properties of hybrid composites comprising Malabar Ironwood sawdust and COCO dust particles. A hybrid composi...

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... analysis and testing would be necessary to determine the factors influencing the tensile strength of these samples and to draw more definitive conclusions. Figure 1 shows the tensile strength of various mix. ...

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... Hybrid polymer composites represent a groundbreaking advancement in material science, offering a synergistic combination of different reinforcing components within a polymer matrix (Prashanth et al. 2017;Santulli et al. 2023;Gurusamy et al. 2024). By incorporating various reinforcements, such as fibers, particulates, or nanoparticles, hybrid polymer composites have the potential to achieve enhanced mechanical strength, improved toughness, superior thermal stability, and tailored electrical or magnetic properties. ...
Article
Mechanical properties were evaluated for bio-natural fiber-reinforced epoxy hybrid composites made with varying amounts of jute, banana stem leaves (BSL), and tamarind shell powder (TSP). Each composite design had varying weight percentages of jute and BSL (5 to 25%) and a consistent mix of TSP (10%) and epoxy resin (60%). The tensile strength, flexural strength, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), impact strength, hardness, and water absorption were examined. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate chemical bonding and morphology. The findings indicated a relationship between fiber and filler content and mechanical properties of composites, with 20% jute fiber content resulting in the highest performance. The tensile strength of the composite increased by 24.6%, rising from 32.4 MPa for the 5% jute and 25% banana stem leaves (5J25BSL) composite to 40.4 MPa for the 20% jute and 10% banana stem leaves (20J10BSL) composite. Similarly, the flexural strength saw a 27.9% improvement, increasing from 67.2 MPa in the 5J25BSL composite to 86.0 MPa in the 20J10BSL composite. The impact strength also experienced a notable increase of 39.1%, moving from 2.56 J for the 5J25BSL composite to 3.56 J for the 20J10BSL composite. These results highlight significant improvements in all three properties, as the proportion of jute in the composite increased and the proportion of banana stem leaves decreased. This research influences material selection for engineering applications and informs the development of specialized composite materials.
... One of the distinguishing features of AMCs is their cost-effectiveness compared to other metallic matrix materials, along with their ease of processing using conventional metal production techniques. Moreover, the incorporation of waste products from industrial processes and agricultural sources as reinforcement materials has further enhanced the appeal of AMCs due to their economic and environmental benefits [3]. ...
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This study examines the friction and wear behavior of hybrid composite materials, with a focus on understanding how premixed reinforcement influences wear rate and coefficient of friction (COF) under varying conditions of load, sliding speed, and distance. The results indicate that increasing load and sliding speed generally raise both the wear rate and COF, with wear rates ranging from 58 µm to 100 µm and COF from 0.37 to 0.52. Notably, Sample S4 (20N/1.5 m/s/600 m) showed the lowest wear rate of 58 µm, while Sample S6 (20N/3.5 m/s/1000 m) exhibited the highest wear rate at 100 µm. Sample S5 (20N/2.5 m/s/800m) stood out with a wear rate of 61 µm and the lowest COF of 0.37, suggesting that premixed reinforcement can significantly enhance wear resistance under specific conditions. Advanced scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to analyze wear mechanisms, offering critical insights into the surface degradation processes. The study’s comprehensive evaluation of hybrid composites, supported by comparative analysis with existing systems, underscores their potential for high-stress applications in industries like aerospace and automotive, where durability and material performance are crucial. Keywords: Friction; Wear behavior; Hybrid composite materials; Premixed reinforcement; Wear rate
... The growing global concern for environmental sustainability and the urgent need to reduce reliance on non-renewable resources have significantly influenced research and development in the materials science field (Iroegbu and Ray 2021;Kamarudin et al. 2022;Manickaraj et al. 2024a;Sumesh et al. 2024). Traditional synthetic fiber-reinforced polymer composites, such as those reinforced with glass, carbon, or aramid fibers, have long been the materials of choice for various high-performance applications due to their excellent mechanical properties, including superior strength, stiffness, and durability (Alam et al. 2022;Gurusamy et al. 2024). These materials are widely used in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and construction, where performance under demanding conditions is critical (Karuppiah et al. 2022;Karthik et al. 2023b;Palanisamy et al. 2023b). ...
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This study investigates the enhancement of mechanical characteristics of hybrid polymer composites reinforced with palmyra palm leaflet (PPL) and coconut sheath leaf (CSL) fibers by integrating tamarind shell powder as a filler material. The composites were fabricated with varying ratios of PPL and CSL fibers, and their tensile strength, flexural strength, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), impact strength, hardness, and water absorption were evaluated. The composite with 20% PPL and 10% CSL exhibited superior mechanical performance, achieving the highest tensile strength of 42 MPa, flexural strength of 94 MPa, ILSS of 7.52 MPa, and impact strength of 5.98 J. Hardness values peaked at 84 SD for the same composition. Moreover, the integration of tamarind shell powder significantly improved the mechanical properties compared to composites without filler, which showed lower values across all parameters. Water absorption tests revealed an increase in water uptake with filler incorporation, though within acceptable limits for practical applications. Scanning electron microscopy supported these results by revealing enhanced fiber-matrix bonding and better dispersion of the filler, resulting in fewer voids and defects. This research highlights the potential of bio-based fillers in optimizing the mechanical performance of hybrid composites for sustainable engineering applications.
... Mean values and standard deviations were calculated for all parameters. The aim was to evaluate the distinct behavior observed in various sandwich compositions [25]. Additionally, supplementary mechanical tests were performed to validate the outcomes of the compression and tension tests. ...