Table 4 - uploaded by Nuria Quella-Isla
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Technology Flows -Production and Use of Patents, 1974
Source publication
One measure of the health of the Social Security system is the difference between the market value of the trust fund and the present value of benefits accrued to date. How should present values be computed for this calculation in light of future uncertainties? We think it is important to use market value. Since claims on accrued benefits are not cu...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... (2000Moretti ( , 2004aMoretti ( , 2004b) estimates the effect of highly educated workers on knowledge spillovers within a city, and the effect of knowledge spillovers on the education premium. Table 4 reports technology flows measured as the expenditure in R&D and patent production (origin) and the use of patents. It is constructed using data collected by Scherer (1984) on companies' expenditures on R&D for the fiscal year 1974. ...
Context 2
... updated version of Table 4 using data by Kortum (1995) on the number of U.S. and total patents applied for in the U.S. from 1957 to 1983, looks very much like Table 4. 20 ...
Context 3
... updated version of Table 4 using data by Kortum (1995) on the number of U.S. and total patents applied for in the U.S. from 1957 to 1983, looks very much like Table 4. 20 ...
Context 4
... sectoral labor transitions proxy flows of embodied knowledge and occur mostly within sectors, information contained in patents and R&D is disembodied knowledge and travels mostly between sectors. As with the estimated matrix of knowl- edge flows in Table 1, manufacturing and the tertiary sector in Table 4 are the net 20 Kortum (1995) uses the same 35-sector industrial classification, which makes it easier to update Table 4. I assume changes through time in the ranking of sectors of origin are mirrored by equivalent changes in sectors of use. ...
Context 5
... sectoral labor transitions proxy flows of embodied knowledge and occur mostly within sectors, information contained in patents and R&D is disembodied knowledge and travels mostly between sectors. As with the estimated matrix of knowl- edge flows in Table 1, manufacturing and the tertiary sector in Table 4 are the net 20 Kortum (1995) uses the same 35-sector industrial classification, which makes it easier to update Table 4. I assume changes through time in the ranking of sectors of origin are mirrored by equivalent changes in sectors of use. ...
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One measure of the health of the Social Security system is the difference between the market value of the trust fund and the present value of benefits accrued to date. How should present values be computed for this calculation in light of future uncertainties? We think it is important to use market value. Since claims on accrued benefits are not cu...
One measure of the health of the Social Security system is the difference between the market value of the trust fund and the present value of benefits accrued to date. How should present values be computed for this calculation in light of future uncertainties? We think it is important to use market value. Since claims on accrued benefits are not cu...
One measure of the health of the Social Security system is the difference between the market value of the trust fund and the present value of benefits accrued to date. How should present values be computed for this calculation in light of future uncertainties? We think it is important to use market value. Since claims on accrued benefits are not cu...
One measure of the health of the Social Security system is the difference between the market value of the trust fund and the present value of benefits accrued to date. How should present values be computed for this calculation in light of future uncertainties? We think it is important to use market value. Since claims on accrued benefits are not cu...
One measure of the health of the Social Security system is the difference between the market value of the trust fund and the present value of benefits accrued to date. How should present values be computed for this calculation in light of future uncertainties? We think it is important to use market value. Since claims on accrued benefits are not cu...
Citations
... This externality might be justified in several ways but the most natural way to do it is to assume the existence of localized intersectoral knowledge spillovers. By introducing an anti-growth effect of agglomeration for both the deindustrializing and the industrializing region, this empirically motivated departure (Glaeser et al., 1992, Kaiser 2002, Park 1989, Quella 2006) leads to two novel results: 1) regional growth rates of real income are always different when agglomeration takes place, being lower in the periphery 2) agglomeration may have a negative effect on the growth rate of real income, both at the regional and at the aggregate level. The first result introduces the possibility of ever-increasing regional disparities and occurs because firms have no incentive to invest in knowledge in the deindustrializing region. ...
According to NEG literature (Baldwin et al. (2004)), spatial concentration of industrial activities increases growth at the regional and aggregate level without generating regional growth differentials. This view is not supported by the data. We extend the canonical model with an additional sector producing non-tradable goods which benefits from localized knowledge spillovers coming from the R&D performing industrial sector. This view, motivated by the evidence, generates both an anti- growth and a pro-growth effect of agglomeration for both the deindustrializing and the industrializing regions and leads to two novel results - 1) when agglomeration takes place, growth is lower in the periphery; 2) agglomeration may have a negative effect on the growth rate of real income, both at the regional and at the aggregate level. In particular, the economy as a whole might suffer a dynamic loss from agglomeration when - 1) the spatial range of the technological spillovers within the R&D sector; 2) the external benefit of local and foreign knowledge capital on non-tradable sector productivity; 3) the expenditure share on non-tradable goods are all large enough. These results are consistent with the empirical evidence reporting regional real income divergence and according to which the trade-off between aggregate growth and interregional equity loses relevance in more advanced stages of development. Our conclusions have relevant policy implications - contrary to the standard view, current EU and US regional policies favouring industrial dispersion might be welfare-improving both at the regional and the aggregate level and may reduce regional income disparities.
According to NEG literature (Baldwin et al. (2004)), spatial concentration of industrial activities increases growth at the regional and aggregate level without generating regional growth differentials. This view is not supported by the data. We extend the canonical model with an additional sector pro- ducing non-tradable goods which benefits from localized knowledge spillovers coming from the R&D performing industrial sector. This view, motivated by the evidence, generates both an anti-growth and a pro-growth effect of agglomeration for both the deindustrializing and the industrializing regions and leads to two novel results: 1) when agglomeration takes place, growth is lower in the periphery; 2) agglomeration may have a negative effect on the growth rate of real income, both at the regional and at the aggregate level. Our conclusions have relevant policy implications: contrary to the standard view, current EU and US regional policies favouring industrial dispersion might be welfare-improving both at the regional and the aggregate level and may reduce regional income disparities
