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Technical specification of the common LEDs used in horticulture after lumileds.pnwsoft.com ß LUMILEDS 32,33
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To meet the increasing demand for mass-produced microalgae, production processes must be optimised and monitored. The herein described optical sensors provide an instantaneous and direct opportunity to monitor biological and biochemical information for microalgae cultivation. Combination of expertise in natural science and engineering, as well as t...
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... To overcome these limitations, researchers are actively exploring innovative alternatives such as remote sensing and non-invasive or minimally invasive sensors. These methods collect parameter that are technically easy to measure, such as reflectance [58], fluorescence [59], or electrical signals [60], and use this data to predict critical biological information. In this context, ML plays a key role by leveraging its ability to analyse large data sets and uncover meaningful patterns and trends that would be difficult for humans to detect. ...
Microalgae, small single or multicellular photosynthetic active organisms, could be a component to solve our urgent global challenges. This review provides a concise introduction to biology and applications of microalgae. On an example from our own scientific studies, we illustrate how these organisms could replace respectively optimize carbon producing processes. We will also describe the potential of microalgae for sustainable production towards atmospheric CO2 sequestration. Development of machine learning techniques forecast a paradigm shift regarding scientific methods. It concerns synthetic biology as well as engineering of metabolism in microalgae.
... Conventional methods for quantifying pigment include a series of laboratory methods such as lyophilization, cell disruption, extraction, and measurement using highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which can take from hours to days for the whole process [14,15]. Several interesting optical methods have been developed for rapid pigment estimation using absorption/transmission spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, reflection spectroscopy, etc. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Of these optical methods, pigment quantification using absorption/transmission spectroscopy with a spectrophotometer stands out as the most cost-effective approach. ...
The Bouguer–Lambert–Beer (BLB) law serves as the fundamental basis for the spectrophotometric determination of pigment content in microalgae. Although it has been observed that the applicability of the BLB law is compromised by the light scattering effect in microalgae suspensions, in-depth research concerning the relationship between the light scattering effect and the accuracy of spectrophotometric pigment determination remains scarce. We hypothesized that (1) the precision of spectrophotometric pigment content determination using the BLB law would diminish with increasing nonlinearity of absorbance, and (2) employing the modified version of the BLB (mBLB) law would yield superior performance. To assess our hypotheses, we cultivated Phaeodactylum tricornutum under varying illumination conditions and nitrogen supplies in controlled indoor experiments, resulting in suspensions with diverse pigment contents. Subsequently, P. tricornutum samples were diluted into subsamples, and spectral measurements were conducted using different combinations of biomass concentrations and path lengths. This was carried out to assess the applicability of the BLB law and the nonlinearity of absorbance. The chlorophyll a and fucoxanthin contents in the samples were analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and subsequently used in our modeling. Our findings confirm our hypotheses, showing that the modified BLB law outperforms the original BLB law in terms of the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE): 6.3% for chlorophyll a and 5.8% for fucoxanthin, compared to 8.5% and 7.9%, respectively.
