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Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... networks represent these options at increasing levels of delicacy. For example, Figure 1 is the system network for ATTITUDE. The choices possible in this network involve "three semantic regions covering what is traditionally referred to as emotion, ethics and aesthetics" (Martin & White, 2005, p.42). ...
Context 2
... the network in Figure 1, the selection underlined above is an example of ATTITUDE: AFFECT: SECURITY. This means that it is language about emotions, specifically those to do with confidence or anxiety. ...
Context 3
... theory deals with how interpersonal meanings such as the construction of stances or personae are enacted in language. The three main evaluative systems defined by this theory are ATTITUDE (Figure 1), GRADUATION (Figure 4) and ENGAGEMENT. The first deals with evaluations relating to feelings, judgements and assessments, while the second grades evaluation, and the last expresses the sources of authority in the text. ...
Context 4
... system network introduced in Figure 1 represents the potential choices that a speaker might make, that is, it models "meaning potential". When we analyse an actual text produced in a particular context, for example, the transcript of a YJC, the data that we annotate is the "instantiation" of that meaning potential. ...
Context 5
... example, affect of this kind might be intensified, so we might see selections such as "very scared", "extremely worried". These would represent associations between the system of GRADUATION (Figure 4) and AFFECT (Figure 1). Specifically, a relationship exists between "ATTITUDE: AFFECT: SECURITY: NEGATIVE" and "GRADUATION: FORCE: INTENSIFICATION: QUALITY: NEGATIVE". ...
Context 6
... permutation is a combination where ordering is important. For example, information about the logogenesis of the text in Figure 1 can be captured if we considered when the coupling occurs as the text unfolds. In this text there appears to be more coupling in the beginning phase than the conclusion. ...
Context 7
... clustering appears to suggest an ambivalence about that responsibility that is manifest as a kind of defensiveness about the propriety of the two young persons. The cluster might be visualised as the syndrome in Figure 10, where each circle represents a tendency to instantiate features of that particular node in the relevant system network. The lines connecting the circles are intended to suggest the interrelatedness of the meanings in the cluster but they might be omitted for visual clarity. ...
Context 8
... networks have provided a powerful means to visualise choice and meaning potential, however, they are unable to represent the multiple relations co-instantiated in a syndrome. Consider, for example, Figure 11 which summarises some of the couplings discussed in this chapter. The relationships marked with a dotted line show coupling as relating simultaneous systems. ...
Citations
... The SFL focus on semantics and paradigmatic relations, key language properties, has proven highly effective as a foundation for practical applications in linguistic analysis for forensic purposes, providing evidence of meaning-making and semantic patterning (e.g. Nini and Grant, 2013;Zappavigna et al., 2008). Given the emphasis on interpersonal evaluative meanings in this study, the Appraisal framework (Martin and White, 2005) is used. ...
This article explores the under-researched area of discursive tactics employed in terrorist threat texts that exploit moral values to constantly justify violence, fostering a ‘discourse of justification’, disaffiliation and conflict. Employing a discursive pragmatic analysis, it delves into the tactics of violent extremists associated with jihadism and far-right ideologies. Utilising the Appraisal framework and the ‘moral disaffiliation’ strategy, the study uncovers verbal practices shaping a dynamic of justification. Findings reveal threateners’ involvement in regulatory discursive functions – manipulation, deontic-retaliation, and boulomaic effect – and practices of ideologically positioning functions – discrediting, blaming, denying and (de)legitimating. The analysis highlights the construction of negative victim individuals and societies while praising the threatener/in-group, anchored predominantly in values of propriety, capacity, valuation and veracity, as the primary dynamic of threatener-victim disalignment. This study contributes insights into threatener profiling, motivations of violence and future research on threat-genre rhetorical structure analysis.
... The identification of 'ultimate attitudinal orientation' is theoretically significant in the growing body of literature that explores how language users create dis/alignments via evaluations. Scholars have used the notion of 'couplings' to track evaluations, focusing on co-occurrences between an ideational entity or process (annotated by discourse semantic systems) and evaluative meanings (classified using the Appraisal framework) (e.g., Inwood and Zappavigna, 2023;Zappavigna et al., 2008). This study proposes identifying two layers of evaluation: an immediate literary understanding of the text, and an ultimate layer resulting from contextual reading. ...
This article contributes to the scholarship on digital identity work by examining the linguistic mechanisms of ambient identity construction in fully anonymous online environments. It investigates how video viewers construct textual personae by leaving massive anonymous comments in danmu, a viewing-and-commenting system that synchronously posts comments onto a video screen as it plays. Drawing on the sociological concept of homophily and the linguistics-informed Appraisal framework, this study systematically tracks the patterns in the attitudinal orientations among massive anonymous comments left over a high-profile Chinese video featuring a teacher's home visit. The article argues that the technological affordances of danmu lead to the inherent collectiveness of anonymous digital identity construction. It reports two attitudinal meaning-making mechanisms through which massive anonymous comments converge into a homogeneous mass and describes the viewers' collective ambient identities revealed in their comments. This project brings clarity to the dynamics of ambient digital identity construction by deploying computational tools to linguistic analysis and has practical implications for marketing research, social media monitoring, and community building.
... We align through the bonds we make as we share these couplings' (Martin, 2008a, p. 58). Thus according to the affiliation framework, a key way in which social bonds are expressed in language is through 'couplings' of ideational and attitudinal meanings (Zappavigna, Dwyer, & Martin, 2008) which were introduced in Chapter 6, hereon iDe at i o n-at ti t u D e couplings. The framework is also concerned with the ways in which couplings can be negotiated in discourse. ...
This chapter introduces the framework for exploring emoji-text relations in social media that is used in this book. The chapter begins by explaining the discourse semantic systems that have been developed in Systemic Functional Linguistics for describing ideational, interpersonal, and textual meaning. This is in order to lay the foundation for exploring the linguistic meanings with which emoji coordinate in subsequent chapters. The chapter then introduces the concept of ‘intermodal convergence’ used in social semiotics to describe how semiotic modes such as language and images coordinate to make meaning. The chapter outlines the principles that we use for determining emoji-text convergence, including proximity, minimum mapping, and prosodic correspondence. It concludes with an overview of the system of emoji-text convergence, presenting the system network guiding the close textual analysis conducted on the social media corpora used in the book.
... We align through the bonds we make as we share these couplings' (Martin, 2008a, p. 58). Thus according to the affiliation framework, a key way in which social bonds are expressed in language is through 'couplings' of ideational and attitudinal meanings (Zappavigna, Dwyer, & Martin, 2008) which were introduced in Chapter 6, hereon iDe at i o n-at ti t u D e couplings. The framework is also concerned with the ways in which couplings can be negotiated in discourse. ...
This chapter focuses on the technical aspects of emoji, including how emoji are encoded and rendered for use in digital communication. The chapter explains how emoji are developed by the Unicode Consortium as well as considering the social implications of this process. Unicode characters, and emoji codepoints, modifiers, and sequences are explained. The chapter also deals with emoji design and aesthetics, and explains how emoji are visually rendered as glyphs by different ‘vendors’ such as social media platforms. The chapter then examines the role of semiotic technologies in both enabling and constraining the ways they are used. It concludes by discussing the implications of emoji encoding and rendering on corpus construction, annotation, and concordancing.
... We align through the bonds we make as we share these couplings' (Martin, 2008a, p. 58). Thus according to the affiliation framework, a key way in which social bonds are expressed in language is through 'couplings' of ideational and attitudinal meanings (Zappavigna, Dwyer, & Martin, 2008) which were introduced in Chapter 6, hereon iDe at i o n-at ti t u D e couplings. The framework is also concerned with the ways in which couplings can be negotiated in discourse. ...
This chapter explores the role of emoji in the negotiation of meaning in exchanges in TikTok comment feeds. It draws on a model of affiliation, together with the emoji text relations of concurrence, resonance, and synchronicity developed in the three previous chapters, to undertake detailed analysis of the social bonds at stake in these exchanges. Affiliation is a framework developed within social semiotics for describing how language and other semiotic resources support both social connection and disconnection, and aid in the construction of social relations more generally. The corpus used for the analysis undertaken in the chapter is a specialised dataset of TikTok comment threads made on a video series reviewing the food delivered during hotel quarantine in New Zealand in 2021. The TikTok comment exchanges featured users negotiating social bonds about food, daily life, and the pandemic. Most exchanges involved convivial alignments around shared values, with the occasional heated discussion about whether quarantine was a justifiable approach to the pandemic.
... We align through the bonds we make as we share these couplings' (Martin, 2008a, p. 58). Thus according to the affiliation framework, a key way in which social bonds are expressed in language is through 'couplings' of ideational and attitudinal meanings (Zappavigna, Dwyer, & Martin, 2008) which were introduced in Chapter 6, hereon iDe at i o n-at ti t u D e couplings. The framework is also concerned with the ways in which couplings can be negotiated in discourse. ...
Social media is resplendent with a creative blend of non-standardised graphical resources such as images, memes, digital stickers, avatars and GIFs that extend beyond the rigid parameters of Unicode emoji character encoding. This chapter explores how emoji interact with other kinds of visual resources beyond language in social media posts such as graphicons. The chapter aims to give the reader a sense of how a social semiotic intermodal approach furnishes a flexible toolkit for an analyst to explore emoji’s relations with other modes. It primarily analyses the meanings made through combinations of emoji, language and GIFs in tweets. The analysis reveals how graphicons such as GIFs and digital stickers often realise a salient ‘New’ of the posts wherein they occur, and thus foreground interpersonal meaning.
... We align through the bonds we make as we share these couplings' (Martin, 2008a, p. 58). Thus according to the affiliation framework, a key way in which social bonds are expressed in language is through 'couplings' of ideational and attitudinal meanings (Zappavigna, Dwyer, & Martin, 2008) which were introduced in Chapter 6, hereon iDe at i o n-at ti t u D e couplings. The framework is also concerned with the ways in which couplings can be negotiated in discourse. ...
This chapter explores the interpersonal function of emoji as they resonate with the linguistic attitude and negotiation of solidarity expressed in social media posts. We have introduced a system network for describing the ways in which this resonance can occur, making a distinction between emoji which imbue the co-text with interpersonal meaning (usually through attitudinally targeting particular ideation) and emoji which enmesh with the interpersonal meanings made in the co-text (usually through coordinating with linguistic attitude). We then explain the more delicate options in this resonance network where emoji can harmonise with the co-text by either echoing or coalescing interpersonal meaning, or can rebound from the co-text, either complicating, subverting or positioning interpersonal meaning. Following this traversal of the resonance network we considered two important dimensions of interpersonal meaning noted in the corpus: the role of emoji in modulating attendant interpersonal meanings in the co-text by upscaling graduation and emoji’s capacity to radiate interpersonal meaning through emblematic usage as bonding icons.
... We align through the bonds we make as we share these couplings' (Martin, 2008a, p. 58). Thus according to the affiliation framework, a key way in which social bonds are expressed in language is through 'couplings' of ideational and attitudinal meanings (Zappavigna, Dwyer, & Martin, 2008) which were introduced in Chapter 6, hereon iDe at i o n-at ti t u D e couplings. The framework is also concerned with the ways in which couplings can be negotiated in discourse. ...
This chapter introduces the study of emoji as a form of social media paralanguage. It delves into the semiotic versatility of emoji as ‘picture characters’ enabling users to express a wide range of meanings through their use with language in social media communication. The book approaches emoji as a form of paralanguage due to their close dependency on the meanings conveyed in their written co-text and their social context. The chapter highlights the significance of the social semiotic perspective to emoji-text relationships adopted in the book with its focus on understanding how they converge with the meanings made in other semiotic modes. It concludes by introducing the structure of the book and the focus of the upcoming chapters on both emoji-text relations and social affiliation.
... We align through the bonds we make as we share these couplings' (Martin, 2008a, p. 58). Thus according to the affiliation framework, a key way in which social bonds are expressed in language is through 'couplings' of ideational and attitudinal meanings (Zappavigna, Dwyer, & Martin, 2008) which were introduced in Chapter 6, hereon iDe at i o n-at ti t u D e couplings. The framework is also concerned with the ways in which couplings can be negotiated in discourse. ...
This chapter explores the ideational function of emoji as they concur with language to construe experience as items and activities in social media posts. The chapter details a system network for modelling ideational concurrence. This network defines two main kinds of relations: depiction and embellishment. Depiction is where emoji congruently illustrate their co-text or integrate themselves into the ideational structure of the post. Embellishment, on the other hand, is where emoji make less congruent meanings by either metaphorising through figurative meanings or emblematising through symbols that activate preconfigured meanings for particular communities. The chapter draws on the discourse semantic system of ideation introduced in Chapter 3 to understand the concurrence of emoji and linguistic sequences, figures, and elements.
... We align through the bonds we make as we share these couplings' (Martin, 2008a, p. 58). Thus according to the affiliation framework, a key way in which social bonds are expressed in language is through 'couplings' of ideational and attitudinal meanings (Zappavigna, Dwyer, & Martin, 2008) which were introduced in Chapter 6, hereon iDe at i o n-at ti t u D e couplings. The framework is also concerned with the ways in which couplings can be negotiated in discourse. ...
This chapter describes the ways in which emoji and language synchronise to realise textual meaning in a social media post. It organises these as features of a system network that describes this sychronicity. A primary distinction is made between instances where emoji replace linguistic co-text (inset) and instances where emoji accompany the linguistic co-text (punctuate) in a manner similar to punctuation or discourse markers. In terms of language, the key discourse semantic systems involved are identification and periodicity, which are crucial in tracking participants and organising information flow in texts. In terms of the SFL model of textual meaning, emoji appear to occupy a wavelength between clauses and higher-level periodicity, while the unique affordances of emoji also provide new opportunities for creating meaning in texts.
