Fig 8 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Świętokrzyski region of prehistoric mining with the location of the banded and Świeciechów flint mines a -Astartian; b -Turonian; c -loess; d -flint mines; e -main settlement points. After to Balcer 1971, Fig. 1; revised and graphic design B. Sałacińska
Source publication
Przedmiotem opracowania jest gromadne znalezisko trzech siekier odkrytych w 1964 r. w trakcie badań wykopaliskowych na wielokulturowym stanowisku VII w Klementowicach,gm. Kurów, pow. puławski, woj. lubelskie, w północno-zachodniej części Płaskowyżu Nałę¬czowskiego. Dwa przedmioty (czworościenny i dwuścienny) wykonane są z krzemienia pasia-stego, je...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... rocks used to make the axes from Klementowice VII come from outcrops located within the area of the prehistoric flint mining in the Świętokrzyski region (Fig. 8). In the case of the Świeciechów raw material which is occurring in the Cretaceous gaize rocks, its procurement was possible in one of three regions: from the best recognised field of Świeciechów-Lasek (among others Balcer 1975 Michniak [1984] 1989, ryc. 1), jak również w kilku strefach zachodniej i południo-wej części tego regionu ...
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Citations
... These are undersized forms, they are most often less shapely, with irregular cross sections, and are characterised by varying degrees of grinding (Libera and Zakościelna 2006). There are examples of flint axes constituting a component or the entire cluster of finds linked to the FBC, only some of which can certainly be described as intentional deposits (Libera et al. 2019a). Associated with this cultural unit is the custom of storing flint products in hiding places in the territory of the settlements and in separate places, especially those associated with a watery environment also in its south-eastern range (Bronicki 1995;Kadrow 1989;Kaflińska 2006;Libera 2003;Libera et al. 2019b;Zakościelna 1997). ...
This article presents the study of a unique artefact in the form of a very large trapezoidal axe-head with rectangular section from Słupów, Lesser Poland, against the background of Eneolithic phenomena occurring in the area. The specimen is in the collection of the Archaeological Museum in Kraków since 1929, but has not been discussed until now. It was made by local communities from flint of the G variety, a raw material exploited by Eneolithic groups in western Lesser Poland. The axe-head from Słupów is one of the largest flint axes to have been discovered on Polish lands. This find provokes a broader discussion of the role of local production of macrolithicfour-sided forms against a wider background.
... Ostatnio zaprezentowano ponadto wyniki analizy mikroskopowej trzech siekier neolitycznych odkrytych na wielokulturowym stanowisku VII w Klementowicach (J. Libera et al. 2019). Wykaz ten wyczerpuje w zasadzie listę kolekcji z omawianego obszaru, względem których podjęto się zasugerowania funkcji przynajmniej niektórych, wchodzących w ich skład wytworów krzemiennych. ...
The subject of the presented study is a collection of flint artefacts from the site 1 in Dubeczno. It was subjected to the traceological analysis to determine their probable function and to identify other types of possible micro-traces related to their use. All artefacts come from the inhomogeneous stratigraphic context (the embankment of the Trzciniec culture barrow). They were assigned to three settlement phases: Mesolithic, Neolithic (Funnel Beaker Culture; FBC) and from the Bronze Age (Trzciniec culture; see Libera J. in this volume). In total, 127 artefacts selected on the basis of morphological characteristics and the state of preservation were subjected to the microscopic analysis. As a result, 62 specimens with the possible use-wear traces have been identified. The full results of the performed traceological analyzes, together with the precise characteristics of the use-wear identified are presented in Table 1. The group of artefacts with the usage damages observed include23 specimens described as Mesolithic, 19 connected with the FBC, 4 products assigned to the Trzciniec Culture and 16 forms with the unspecified chronology. In the group of the Mesolithic artefacts, specimens with the unspecified function prevail. They constitute as much as 66.7% of the collection (Table 2). The second-largest group constitute tools for hide and meat processing (29.6% of specimens). Other types of tools, except one wood burin, were not identified.
In the group of tools related to FBC, hide-processing tools dominate, representing 34.6%
of the total collection (Table 3). Tools for treatment of silica plants constitute 27% of the
analyzed products with this chronology (Table 3). In addition, two soft stone processing tools and burin for bone raw-materials processing were identified (Table 2: 11).
The collection of artefacts related to the Trzciniec culture contains only four tools. Two
of them are related to the hide processing. Besides, the collection includes one woodworking tool and a sickle knife used for cutting cereals.
In the discussion part, the results of the conducted traceological analysis were compared
with the current knowledge on the way of use of the flint tools in the Stone and Bronze Ages in Poland. As a result, some analogies were observed, which were a basis for suggestions concerning the functions and possible chronology of some of the problematical artefacts from Dubeczno. Also, the suggestions were made concerning the character of the FBC settlement.
As it was mentioned above all artefacts from Dubeczno come from the secondary contexts.
Because of this, their usefulness for broader functional analyzes, taking into account
e.g. contextual data from the artefact’s location, is small or none. Therefore, no wider conclusions haven’t been drawn about the spatial organization of the site, characteristics and the type of objects intentionally deposited in the barrow or the possible function of camps/ settlements from particular periods, the remains of which are the distinguished collections.
Key words: East Poland, Roztocze Region, Flint Axe, Volhynian Flint, Late Neolithic
"Rocznik Tomaszowski", 2024, vol. 13, pp. 207-212.
