Figure - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
Over decades, sulfur has been employed for treatment of many dermatological diseases, several skin and soft tissue, and Staphylococcus infections. Because of its abuse, resistant bacterial strains have emerged. Nanotechnology has presented a new horizon to overcome abundant problems including drug resistance. Nano-sized sulfur has proven to retain...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... micrograph of elemental sulfur showed sulfur particles present in uneven surface topography with particle size ranging from 3 µm to 22 µm (Figure 4a and 4b). Particle size distributions of all nanoparticles are shown in Table 2. Figure 5 shows FTIR spectra of chitosan-SNPs in which the absorption bands in the region 3450-3200 cm -1 with a peak at 3397 cm -1 were assigned to -OH and -NH stretching vibrations [16]. ...Citations
... This prepared SQDs were non-toxic for human contact and biological applications up to an effective concentration 500 µg/mL with an IC 50 value of 741.1 µg/mL 36 . Sulfur nanoparticles act against acne vulgaris causing multidrug resistant bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and better activity than conventional antibiotics for acne vulgaris 52 . So, there is an opportunity to research for the preparation of external application for the acne eradicating by using SQDs. ...
Day by day it is challenging to prepare a chemical reagent against antimicrobial resistant pathogenic for pharmaceutical and food sector. There are several types of quantum dots are invented among them Sulfur Quantum Dots (SQDs) a new type of luminescent quantum dots which is prepared from unused sublimed sulfur can be replaced for these purposes. SQDs are highly water soluble, low toxicity and have an antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. There are several uses of this quantum dots, but in this review the synthesis method and their comparison, antibacterial and antifungal activity and antioxidant activity are described from its invention to present state. SQDs with packaging film exhibited effective antimicrobial effects especially against foodborne microorganisms caused by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). SQDs could be a potential agent for food packaging, disinfectant for fabric and increase the shelf life of food.
... Sulfur interacts with the cysteine within skin cells to form hydrogen sulfide, disrupting disulfide bonds for its keratolytic effect [163]. Newer nanoparticle preparations may offer enhanced effectiveness against Staphylococcus bacteria, a contributor to acne pathogenesis [164,165]. Sulfur on its own can treat mild to moderate acne, but its results are improved when combined with sodium sulfacetamide or BPO [166][167][168][169][170]. (b) Sodium sulfacetamide: A bacteriostatic agent that disrupts bacterial DNA synthesis by inhibiting para-aminobenzoic acid [126]. Typically formulated as a topical lotion with 10% sodium sulfacetamide and 5% sulfur, it demonstrates significant acne lesion reduction (50-69% after 8 weeks; 78% after 12 weeks) [166,171]. ...
Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological condition that can present across different ages but predominantly affects adolescents and young adults. Characterized by various lesion types, the pathogenesis of acne is complex, involving genetic, hormonal, microbial, and inflammatory factors. This review comprehensively addresses current and emerging acne management strategies, emphasizing both topical and systemic treatments, procedural therapies, and dietary modifications. Key topical agents include retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics, and other specialized compounds. Systemic options like antibiotics, hormonal therapies, and retinoids offer significant therapeutic benefits, particularly for moderate to severe cases. Procedural treatments such as laser devices, photodynamic therapy, chemical peels, and intralesional injections present viable alternatives for reducing acne symptoms and scarring. Emerging therapies focus on novel biologics, bacteriophages, probiotics, and peptides, providing promising future options. This review underscores the importance of personalized approaches to treatment due to the multifaceted nature of acne, highlighting the potential of innovative therapies for improving patient outcomes.
... 2,14 Topical sulfur is also used for several skin problems and has antifungal, antibacterial, keratolytic, and anti-inflammatory properties with few side effects. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] The aim of this study was to compare triamcinolone 0.1% and sulfur 2% topical creams in treating patients with HE. ...
Background:
Hand eczema (HE) is a common and heterogeneous condition. It has a wide range of etiologies and clinical manifestations. In this study the efficacy of triamcinolone 0.1% cream and sulfur 2% creams was compared in treating patients with HE.
Methods:
This randomized, triple-blind clinical trial was performed on 70 patients with HE (including 70 right and 70 left hands). In this study, two creams were used including triamcinolone 0.1% and sulfur 2.0%. Patients were treated with these creams twice a day (once in every 12 h) for 4 weeks. Follow-up was 4 weeks after treatment. Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI), itching, dryness, burning sensation, and erythema scores were collected three times during the study and compared between treatment regimens.
Results:
Findings showed that both triamcinolone (0.1%) and sulfur (2.0%) creams could significantly reduce the scores of HECSI, itching, dryness, burning sensation, and erythema, and the therapeutic effects lasted for at least 4 weeks after cessation of topical treatment.
Conclusion:
Topical sulfur cream (2.0%) is as effective as triamcinolone (0.1%) cream in treatment of HE without any prominent adverse reactions.
... While individual air pollutants impact the skin in slightly different ways, the majority induce or exacerbate acne by altering the rate and composition of sebum secretion, influencing the skin›s microflora, inducing oxidative stress, and triggering inflammation. The sole air pollutant demonstrated to exhibit a protective function against acne is SO2 [6], a finding consistent with other studies that highlight the efficacy of sulfur in acne treatment [31]. ...
... The proposed mechanism of photocatalytic E. coli inactivation is shown in Figure 12. Since sulphur is considered an active element with antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties [26], the sulphur content of the prepared TiO2-based photocatalysts is a significant factor in determining their antibacterial potential for E. coli. It has been demonstrated by a few research teams that S-doped TiO2 exhibited strong antibacterial activity against selected strains [12,27,28]. ...
This study presents a relatively low-cost method for modifying TiO2-based materials for photocatalytic bacterial inactivation. The photocatalytic inactivation of Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis) bacteria using modified sulphated TiO2 was studied. The modification focused on the reduction of TiO2 by ammonia agents and hydrogen at 400–450 °C. The results showed a high impact of sulphate species on the inactivation of E. coli. The presence of these species generated acid sites on TiO2, which shifted the pH of the reacted titania slurry solution to lower values, around 4.6. At such a low pH, TiO2 was positively charged. The ammonia solution caused the removal of sulphate species from TiO2. On the other hand, hydrogen and ammonia molecules accelerated the removal of sulphur species from TiO2, as did heating it to 450 °C. Total inactivation of E. coli was obtained within 30 min of simulated solar light irradiation on TiO2 heat-treated at 400 °C in an atmosphere of Ar or NH3. The S. epidermidis strain was more resistant to photocatalytic oxidation. The contact of these bacteria with the active titania surface is important, but a higher oxidation force is necessary to destroy their cell membrane walls because of their thicker cell wall than E. coli. Therefore, the ability of a photocatalyst to produce ROS (reactive oxidative species) will determine its ability to inactivate S. epidermidis. An additional advantage of the studies presented is the inactivation of bacteria after a relatively short irradiation time (30 min), which does not often happen with photocatalysts not modified with noble metals. The modification methods presented represent a robust and inexpensive alternative to photocatalytic inactivation of bacteria.
... 28 Recently, sulfur nanoparticle preparations have demonstrated effectiveness against Staphylococcus bacteria. 29 Staphylococcus bacteria can affect acne pathogenesis by introducing drug resistance virulence factors. 30 ...
Acne affects approximately 9% of people worldwide and is the most common skin condition in the United States. There are abundant topical and oral treatment options available for patients with acne. First‐line agents include topical retinoids, azelaic acid, benzoyl peroxide, and combinations of these agents. For recalcitrant or more severe acne, oral medications, including oral antibiotics, isotretinoin, or hormonal therapy, may be considered. This review will also discuss the many advances being made in the treatment of acne vulgaris, from the development of microencapsulated medications to targeted treatments. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Sulfur‐tuned advanced carbons (STACs) with high mass loadings of sulfur are synthesized using an environmentally benign and scalable steam‐assisted sulfur insertion (SASI) method. While steam provides the pressure necessary to promote deep and rapid sulfur insertion into a carbon porous structure, a strong affinity between melted sulfur and carbon excludes water from pore penetration. The resulting STACs exhibit sulfur mass loadings up to 85% and the electrical conductivity of the carbon framework is largely preserved. The sulfur penetration can be tuned to fill specific pore sizes, enabling pore‐size‐dependent allocation of sulfur and controllable porosity, while sulfur lines the carbon pore surfaces. A significant amount of sulfur is in the monoclinic γ phase. To demonstrate their energy and environmental applications, the STACs are used as cathode materials in rechargeable aluminum‐sulfur batteries and as adsorption materials for spilled oil removal.
