Table 1 - uploaded by Carlos Humberto Andrade-Moraes
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... female brains (Table 1) were obtained from the Brazilian Brain Bank of the Aging Brain Study Group ( Grinberg et al., 2007) of the University of Sã o Paulo Medical School. Brains were removed and fixed within 24 h of death. ...
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... demented elderly female brains with histopathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease were included in the demented-Alzheimer's disease group. Four non-demented female brains, but with histopathological features of Alzheimer's disease were included in the asymptomatic Alzheimer's disease group (Table 1). ...
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... Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-b neuritic plaques (Fig. 2) were as- sessed following the neuropathological guidelines of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD: Mirra et al., 1991), receiving semi-quantitative descriptors: none (0), scarce, moderate or frequent (Table 1). Neurofibrillary tangles (Fig. 2) were assigned a score (0-VI) according to the Braak and Braak (1991) staging system. ...
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... the CERAD score was 0 for these subjects. Neurofibrillary changes were confined to transentorhinal and entorh- inal cortex, as well as hippocampus; thus, their Braak neurofibrillary tangles scores ranged between 0 and II ( Fig. 2 and Table 1). One control case had mild argyrophilic grain disease and therefore the Braak staging could not be reliably assessed in the hippocampus. ...
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... asymptomatic Alzheimer's subjects had no history of behav- ioural deficits, cerebrovascular disease, or alcohol/drug abuse, and were cognitively intact. On neuropathological evaluation, how- ever, their brains showed moderate or great quantities of neuritic amyloid-b plaques, and the neurofibrillary tangles Braak scores were at least IV ( Fig. 2 and Table 1), indicating that the changes extended beyond the limbic areas. ...
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... demented patients with Alzheimer's disease were individuals who had received a clinical diagnosis of dementia (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale = 3), and whose neuropathological brain examination showed at least a moderate number of neuritic amyloid-b plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles Braak scores 5III, indicating that changes extended outside the hippocampal formation. The cases did not show any other potential causes of cognitive decline (Fig. 2 and Table 1). ...
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... of variance (one-way ANOVA) and Tukey's multiple comparison post hoc tests were used to compare results from these groups. The means are shown in Supplementary Tables 1-10, and means with standard deviations (SD) are represented in Figs 3-6. ...
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... compared the absolute cell number and density between con- trol subjects, asymptomatic individuals with Alzheimer's disease, and severely demented patients with Alzheimer's disease. Subjects' demographic data are shown in Table 1. Numbers shown below refer to both hemispheres together, after multiplying the counts obtained for the left hemispheres by 2, as explained in the 'Materials and methods' section. ...
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... representing only 8.1-9.1% of total brain mass, the cerebellum contains 77.5% to 79.8% of all brain neurons in elderly females. ANOVA and multiple comparison post hoc test, however, showed no significant differences in cerebellar mass, absolute cell number or density among groups ( Fig. 3A and B; Supplementary Table 1). The non-neuronal/neuronal ratio and the fractional distribution of neurons were similar among groups. ...
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... non-neuronal/neuronal ratio was higher in demented patients with Alzheimer's disease when compared with the other groups (Supplementary Table 7). Inversely, the whole cerebral cortex of demented patients with Alzheimer's disease contains a lower proportion of all neurons in the brain (Supplementary Tables 7 and 10). ANOVA showed no significant difference of cortical mass among groups. ...
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... ). Au-delà des pertes synaptiques, il faut également préciser que les DTA sont aussi caractérisées par des pertes neuronales qui joueraient un rôle central dans l'apparition des déficits cognitifs. En effet, si l'étendue de l'amyloïdopathie ou de la tauopathie ne permet pas de différencier les individus asymptomatiques des patients, la présence d'une perte neuronale serait spécifique des individus souffrant de symptômes cognitifs(Andrade-Moraes et al. 2013). ...
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With black hole explosion under incredibly high temperatures leading to cosmic information billions of years ago, all matters had been in gaseous phase. With temperature dropping, under atomic attractive forces, adjacent atoms which made up gases attracted each other and formed a variety of big, small or tiny gaseous lumps. With the temperature persistently dropping, the tiny gaseous lump became colder and contracted and got smaller and turned into one in liquid state and subsequently in solid state according to the principle of expanding when heated and contracting when cooled in general cases. Gradually it developed and formed a human- or animal-like fetus or a plant-like seed. If it had the same compositions as a human, cow or sunflower, the human, the cow or the sunflower formed. Similar cases happened to other humans, animals and plants. Humans neither evolved from apes nor shared a common ancestor with apes.
