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Abstract: From the founding of the first offices of philosophical practice in Europe, there has been a controversy regarding which persons could carry out such activities and what would be the necessary qualification needed in this new applied field of philosophy. This article presents these divergences, through two distinct standpoints, that of ph...
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... A primary challenge is recognition; as a non-traditional form of mental health support, philosophical practice often lacks broad public understanding and acceptance (Huang, 2019). Professional training and qualification standards for philosophical counselors are not yet unified, impacting formalization and professional development (Hațegan, 2018). The suitability and effectiveness of philosophical practice in addressing urgent mental health issues are questioned, as it focuses more on exploring deep existential questions through dialogue rather than providing immediate psychological interventions. ...
Philosophical practice applies philosophical insights and methods to help individuals explore and resolve intellectual, emotional, and existential dilemmas, enhancing self-understanding and mental well-being. This study employs CiteSpace to analyze global research trends and hotspots in philosophical practice using data from the Web of Science (WOS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases spanning from 2000 to 2024. By identifying key methodologies and applications, the study compares the development of philosophical practice in Western and Chinese contexts across theoretical culture, practical application, social impact, and professional development. The findings reveal that Western philosophical practice, rooted in ancient Greek philosophy and modern streams like existentialism and analytic philosophy, emphasizes individual autonomy, critical thinking, and personal growth. In contrast, Chinese philosophical practice draws from Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism, focusing on harmony between the individual and society, moral cultivation, and social cohesion. Despite these differences, both traditions share common goals of enhancing self-awareness, addressing ethical dilemmas, and improving mental health through philosophical dialogue. The study highlights the potential for integrating Chinese and Western philosophical practice, suggesting that a fusion of methodologies and ethical frameworks can provide a more holistic and culturally sensitive approach. This integration offers new perspectives for global philosophical dialogue, interdisciplinary collaboration, and practical applications in addressing contemporary challenges.
... Finaly, I review the steps taken in the recognition and regulation of a profession, as defined in previous studies (Hațegan, 2018(Hațegan, , 2019b(Hațegan, , 2021, by starting in Romania a master training program, which must be completed by other postgraduate training programs, that can be successfully developed by Romanian universities. Another stage already completed is the establishment of a strong professional association, concerned with the promotion and recognition of a new profession, but also with its regulation in the next stage, represented by the establishment of a national institution to oversee the newly established profession, by organizing training continuous professionalism, the implementation of a unitary training standard, and the implementation of a code of ethics, opposable to all practitioners in counseling and philosophical practice. ...
The first step towards recognizing a new specialization, philosophical counseling, was made in Romania by setting up the professional association of philosophical counselors, being the effect of the appearance on the Romanian labor market of the first specialists in the first series of master's degree graduates. philosophical counseling program. Prior to this recognition, they could pursue other occupations, based on their initial training, reflected in their bachelor's degrees. The develop the new profession of philosophical counselor was more than necessary, being intended for specialists trained in Romanian university. The highlighted solution supports the training of practitioners and specialists in the philosophical counseling master's or postgraduate programs wich will be developed in Romania. The new specialization, given by califiquation for philosophical counselor, has a real chances to be a new profession who can take a place in the Romanian society.
... From the hermeneutic point of view, we can always re-evaluate and reinterpret the texts and, therefore, the attention of the Romanian philosophers is often focused on the reinterpretation of some classic works (Mesaroș 2019;Frunză 2019c;Frunză 2018b), on the writings of some Romanian philosophers, who through interpretation can contribute to the development of philosophical counseling (Frunză 2018c). They also focus on rethinking the foundations of philosophical counseling (Hațegan 2018d;Hațegan 2018e), as well as the discussion of some classical issues of philosophy from the perspective of philosophical counseling (Staicu 2019;Medveschi 2021). ...
This paper explores the books, articles and developments of philosophical counseling in the Romanian cultural space. To accomplish this, we first discussed some of the highlights of philosophical counseling and noted that it differs from other types of counseling. We also identified the main Romanian translations in this field in order to see how philosophical counseling was received in Romania. Next, we analyzed the contributions of Romanian authors to provide an overview, differentiating between books and articles, and we identified several topics of interest to them (fundamental philosophical counseling, ethical counseling, philosophical organizational and business counseling, etc.). In the last section of this paper we discussed the steps taken to institutionalize the profession of philosophical counselor in Romania. This paper is valuable because it describes the current state of knowledge in this field of philosophy in the Romanian cultural space. This overview leads to the facilitation of further developments, both in theoretical research in this field and in practice in the office of the philosophical counselor.
... Thus, the specialist offers individual philosophical counseling service to interested persons, can be a philosophical facilitator in events for groups of people, or can address organizations and entities in the community, through philosophical consulting and ethics applied to them. Despite these openings for large groups of beneficiaries, the promotion of practices derived from philosophy is still in its infancy, with the first such cabinet being founded in 1981 by the German philosopher Gerd Achenbach, who left the chair of philosophy and opened a philosophical practice office at Bergisch Gladbach in Germany (Hat , egan 2018b). ...
The paper presents characteristics of practices in the humanities that can be manifested through specific forms of counseling, namely spiritual or pastoral counseling and philosophical counseling. Through the comparative analysis of the two practices, interdisciplinary links are identified, reflected at the conceptual and applied level, with both their similarities and differences being highlighted, in order to emphasize the originality and the capacity to adapt to the requirements of the field from which they come. The paper supports the new trend of involvement in communities of specific counseling practices by expanding their application potential from person to group and community, with the help of an adaptation process necessary to achieve the goal in order to bring the practice of counseling to as many persons and to community or society in general.
... Thus, the transition from business management to the creation of the organizational leader occurs, and through the intervention we propose, to attract in this process the philosophical practice in preparing a leader, his personal development is stimulated, by facilitating the creative process, obtaining balance and developing a vision of a person's life. With the help of the tools offered by the philosophical practice, starting with the dialogical ones and continuing with the reflexive ones, the leader will develop new abilities which help him make the transition from leader to person through his own evolution on all levels, including professional [78]. Achieving this goal can be achieved by creating specialized programs and services in organizational consulting, based on the concept of philosophical leadership, in which practitioners and specialists in philosophical consulting can be involved in achieving these major objectives, and the beneficiaries can be the organization and the community in which they activate, but also the person who becomes a leader. ...
The contemporary leadership concept manifests trends of continuous improvement, which is why this paper is an approach to the field from the perspective of philosophical counseling practices, different from current training and development programs for managers. Thus, the new opportunities are identified, which can join business education and personal development programs for leaders. The paper analyzes the characteristics of coaching studies compared to those of philosophical counseling applied in organizations, using the concept of philosophical leadership in order to identify the existence of interdisciplinary links between the two fields. The intensity of these links was studied through the bibliometric analysis performed on the concepts of leadership and philosophy, which were the subject of papers published in relevant journals indexed in the international database Clarivate Analytics–Web of Science Core Collection. The results of the analysis showed a close connection between concepts, which confirms their association. Through the practical applications of philosophy in the leadership, an innovation of the programs takes place of current specialization dedicated to leaders, which contain tools and methods that can be taken from philosophical practices, to achieve high-performance leadership programs. The concept of philosophical leadership can have a sustainable approach which can be included in personal development programs addressed to leaders, and will be delivered in the form of leader service packages, in which other specialists can participate, such as philosophical counseling, who can be successfully involved in the development of the leadership training program (LTP).
... In Europe, philosophical counseling, as a practical philosophical form, was first promoted by the philosopher Gerd Achenbach, who in 1981 announced the opening of a philosophical practice office in Germany with the first clients who were assisted by the practitioner in a process of counseling in which he used the knowledge of the philosopher [57]. He is considered in Europe to be the "father of philosophical counseling", a title later disputed with practitioners on the North American continent [58]. Achenbach remains a successful reference on the global trend of launching a philosophical practice, expressed in the form of specialization (philosophical counseling) unanimously recognized and promoted by other practitioners. ...
The study investigates the current trends that manifest themselves in two areas that have common origins in antiquity, found in the Hellenistic concept of Sophia: present in philosophy, where it expresses the love of wisdom, but also in theology where it represents divine love. Looking at this approach, the Sophia has manifested various orientations, either toward the field of ecology and the environment through the emergence of new concepts, such as ecophilosophy and ecotheol-ogy, but also toward the practice applied to the person, through the philosophical counseling or spiritual or pastoral counseling. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the applied trends, ecophilosophy and ecotheology, through their comparative analysis, along with a bibliometric study on papers published on these topics in indexed databases in the last 45 years. The paper presents the openness to innovation, through the emergence of the two concepts analyzed which created methods and tools specific to philosophical or spiritual counseling, and adaptations of these practices to the needs of contemporary society. Therefore, the innovation is sustained by creating a new specialization in community counseling practice, called eco-counseling for community (EC4com), with the new ecological trend, which can be included in the philosophical and spiritual practices applied in communities through individual counseling, for groups or community.
... The increasingly ecological role of organizations and institutions in a community also brings to mind the concept of sustainability as an important moral goal that can be achieved much more easily through the philosophy dedicated to the environment called Philosophy of Ecology [75]. Usually, philosophical counseling is developed within philosophical practices through the way of working concepts, tools, and methods used that can be identified by the new specialization, with a different role from the consecrated occupation by the philosopher [76] or by any other form of psychotherapy intended for the person or groups [77]. ...
The premises of the emergence of concepts about nature and the environment led to the emergence of new directions of philosophy, represented by eco-philosophy and ethics applied to the environment. These ideas result from the interference of philosophy with fields dedicated to studying nature and the environment, all of which have led to new currents of thinking that have shown tendencies toward the development of pro-ecological movements, such as the deep ecology movement or ecological humanism. The paper identifies how philosophy can support humanity, and especially communities, to protect the environment and planet in general through a new specialization—the practice of eco-philosophy applied to communities, supporting the need to promote ecological concepts, based on principles and tools taken from philosophy. In order to achieve the objective of the paper, three research questions were stated, and the methodology used consisted of a comparative study of the concepts and a bibliometric analysis of the literature identified for the analyzed fields. The results showed that in previous research, a network was created between the concepts of ecology, philosophy, and ethics. This fact confirms that, to put them into practice, a training program is needed for philosophical consulting practitioners who will apply the knowledge learned in dialogue with individuals or groups, as well as with organizations and the community. The conclusion of the paper supports the development of a dialogue between various areas as a necessary component for developing a sustainable community by implementing new counseling practices for communities, called Eco-Philosophy for Community (EP4com).
... Our previous studies (Hațegan 2018b(Hațegan , 2019a(Hațegan , 2020 have highlighted in the form of comparative analyzes, some similarities, emphasizing the common goal of providing specialized services to the person, highlighting some differences that individualize them from the philosophical practices. ...
The objective of the paper is an interdisciplinary analysis of two forms of the counseling practice, philosophical counseling and spiritual counseling, starting from the role of philosophy in the counseling process, expressed in the form of existential counseling, which is also found in pastoral practices as a form of specialization, the spiritual counseling. Elements and features of the two types of counseling practices are presented comparatively in the paper, to highlight their common origin, through the similarities identified and analyzed in contrast to some differences, resulting from the application of tools specific to each field, which are individualized as distinct practices, with an important role in the spiritual evolution of the counseled person. The similarities identified lead us to observe a common area where they can be put into practice, both at the individual and community level. Thus, specific applications in the field of existential therapy applied to the person are highlighted; in the field of care and assistance provided to the elderly in residential centers; within the penitentiary system; or in the field of palliative care of sick people; and the same, the counseling practices for healthy people, for their personal and spiritual development. The conclusion is for the promotion of these specializations in the form of counseling practices, with an important role in the evolution of the person and society.
... We conclude that we need more specialists or philosophers 63 to develop a new program, named Philosophy for all, inside the philosophical counseling practice, where they will act for all categories of people by age: from children to parents, young people and adolescents, mature persons, seniors or persons with special needs and other categories that I have not yet addressed. ...
Contemporary philosophical practice, through its new form of expression, philosophical counseling, manifests the interdisciplinary connections with other fields, one of which is oriented towards interference with psychology and psychiatry as branches of the vast field of health care. The concept of philosophical counseling is by its definition intended for healthy people, considered to be clients or discussion partners, who can be assisted by a practitioner to clarify or understand a particular life situation or a dilemma faced, by learning em to develop a philosophy of life. Addressing the same life situation by a specialist in psychology or psychiatry, on the other hand, is required for persons with cerebral issues and 'disorders'. We support the preservation of a direction for philosophical practice oriented towards philosophical counseling, different from the therapeutic approach of other fields. We argue that philosophical counseling and the medical treatment for persons considered 'mentally disordered' are not mutually exclusive, but complementary.
Nowadays we can find a wide plethora of philosophical practices ranging from the classic philosophical counselling to educational programs for children or even prevention and rehabilitation programs. How should a client know what is suited for him? What is the philosophical practitioner promising to their clients? Is it wisdom and truth as some would associate with philosophy? Is it healing and therapy? This paper tries to shed some light over the field of philosophical practices. I present the emergence of philosophical counselling, it’s historical evolution and the situation nowadays. I talk about the worldview concept and about its importance in the healing paradigm. I will analyze different critiques brought to fields of philosophical and psychological counselling and common aspects that concern both fields, trying to find both similarities and differences that would help me conclude on what is the relationship between psychotherapy and philosophical counselling and how can each benefit the other in their common purpose of alleviating human noetic distress.
