Fig 5 - uploaded by Sebastian Homuth
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/uba-info-medien/4346.html
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... some experience has been gained in Germany with tight gas exploitation, no concrete experience has been gained in Germany with exploitation of shale gas and coal bed methane. For this reason, we propose that the (site-specific) risk analyses required at the present time be carried out using a combination of various risk-analysis methods (cf. Fig. ...
Context 2
... risk is then obtained by considering the relevant pathway(s) (intervention intensity) together with the hazard potential of the pertinent fluids (fra- cking fluids and formation water). As Figure 5 shows, the risk can then be divided into different categories of degree -for example, in a five-part scale. ...
Similar publications
Knowledge of induced fractures can help to evaluate the success of reservoir stimulation. Seismic P-waves through fracturing media can exhibit azimuthal variation in traveltime, amplitude, and thin-bed tuning, so amplitude variation with azimuth (AVAz) can be used to evaluate the hydraulic-fracturing-caused anisotropy. The Barnett Shale of the Fort...
The aim of this study was to identify the influence of reservoir depth on reservoir rock mass breakdown pressure and the influence of reservoir depth and injecting fluid pressure on the flow ability of reservoirs before and after the hydraulic fracturing process. A series of fracturing tests was conducted under a range of confining pressures (1, 3,...
High quality outdoor recreation, open space and scenic vistas, clean air, clean water, abundant wildlife and biodiversity are representative of the “natural amenities” that have been major drivers of economic development in the Rockies over the last 30 years. While the economic role of natural amenities varies across the “new western” landscape, in...
The Canadian province of Québec has the largest reserves of shale gas in Eastern Canada, but Québeckers are in the midst of a heated debate over the desirability of exploiting this resource. At issue is the controversial technique of hydraulic fracturing, or "fracking." The provincial government has decided to proceed cautiously. In 2011, Québec in...
Hydraulic fracturing is an essential technique for the development of shale gas, due to the low permeability in formation. Abundant natural fractures contained in a formation are indispensable for the development of a fracture network. In this paper, a damage-stress-seepage coupled hydraulic fracture expansion model, based on the extended finite el...
Citations
Hydraulic fracturing (HF) is currently the most widespread and effective method of oil production stimulation. The most commonly used fracturing fluid is crosslinked guar gels. However, when using these systems, problems such as clogging of the pore space, cracking, and proppant packing with the remains of the undestroyed polymer arise. Therefore, the efficiency of the hydraulic fracturing process decreases. In this work, compositions based on viscoelastic surfactants (VES) and synthetic polymers (SP) were considered as alternatives capable of minimizing these disadvantages. Most often, the possibility of using a composition as a fracturing fluid is evaluated using rotational viscometry. However, rotational viscometry is not capable of fully assessing the structural and mechanical properties of fracturing fluid. This leads to a reduced spread of systems based on VES and SP. This paper proposes an integrated approach to assessing the effectiveness of a water-based fracturing fluid. The proposed comprehensive approach includes an assessment of the main characteristics of water-based fracturing fluids, including an analysis of their structural and mechanical properties, which is based on a combination of rotational and oscillatory rheology and a comparative analysis of methods for studying the influence of fluids on the reservoir rock. The use of the developed approach to assess the technological properties of fracturing fluids makes it possible to demonstrate the potential applicability of new, unconventional fracturing fluids such as systems based on VES and SP.