Standardized differences scores on all covariates before and after weighing for (a) voting (b) volunteering (c) and activism. 

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Context 1

... imbalance existed on several variables for each of the three forms of civic participation before weighting. After weighting by propensity scores, all standardized mean differences (the difference in means in units of the pooled standard deviation; Austin, 2011) were less than 10% for voting and volunteering and less than 15% for activism (Figure 1) with the majority reduced to less than 5% (Austin, 2011;Caliendo & Kopeinig, 2008;Rudolph et al., 2014). Thus, covariate balance between the voters and non-voters, volunteers and non-volunteers, and activists and non-activists was achieved in the final weighted sample. ...