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Sarcopenia and muscle strength reduction are a frequent disorder in non-communicable chronic diseases. The aims of this study are: (a) to verify if the absolute and relative to body weight muscle strength of lower limb is affected by the presence of pathology; (b) to verify if the trends are different among knee and ankles joints. One-hundred and f...
Citations
... Furthermore, participants were able to independently attend the experimental site and lived independently, suggesting that the extent of muscle loss among them might be less pronounced. It is also pertinent to mention that muscle strength declines more rapidly than muscle mass due to factors such as fatty infiltration of the muscles, neurological impairments, and reductions in muscle fiber number and size [40]. In addition to the findings presented in this study, it is important to consider the potential role of sex differences in muscle-wasting processes with aging. ...
Background: As individuals age, there is a gradual loss of muscle mass and strength, which not only impairs physical functionality but also heightens the risk of falls and diminishes independence among older adults. Probiotics have emerged as a focus of recent research due to their potential role in enhancing muscle health via the gut–muscle axis. This study evaluates the effects of live and heat-treated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23 (PS23) supplementation on muscle strength and mass in the elderly. Methods: This study recruited 119 participants, aged 65–85 years, and randomly assigned them to receive a placebo (0 × 10¹⁰ CFU/day), L-PS23 (live PS23, 2 × 10¹⁰ CFU/day), or HT-PS23 (heat-treated PS23, 2 × 10¹⁰ cells/day) for a duration of 12 weeks. Assessments of blood pressure, body composition, muscle strength, functional physical fitness, and biochemical parameters were conducted at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Results: Among the 100 subjects who completed the trial, supplementation with both L-PS23 and HT-PS23 significantly enhanced lower limb muscle strength and endurance compared to the placebo (p < 0.05), although no significant differences were observed in muscle mass or upper limb muscle strength across the groups. Additionally, while most muscle anabolism-related markers showed no significant changes, both supplements effectively decreased inflammatory markers related to aging—C-reactive protein (CRP: L-PS23, p = 0.016; HT-PS23, p = 0.013) and interleukin-6 (IL-6: L-PS23, p = 0.003; HT-PS23, p < 0.001)—and increased interleukin-10 levels (L-PS23, p = 0.014; HT-PS23, p = 0.005). Notably, only the HT-PS23 group demonstrated a significant increase in testosterone levels (p = 0.029). Conclusions: 12 weeks of supplementation with L-PS23 and HT-PS23 improved lower limb muscle strength and endurance but did not significantly enhance muscle mass in older adults. Both supplements also proved effective in reducing inflammatory markers and elevating testosterone levels. HT-PS23, administered as a heat-treated probiotic, provided more pronounced benefits to the elderly compared with its probiotic counterpart, L-PS23.
... Conversely, the variability in improvements in HGS suggests a less uniform response. This could arise from several factors, including larger muscle mass volume, better response to interventions (27), or more pronounced age-related declines in lower limb muscle compared to the upper body (28). Moreover, lower limbs are extensively involved in weight-bearing and functional activities, and balance and mobility exercises often prioritize the lower body (29). ...
Sarcopenia, a complex muscular condition driven by multi-systemic dysregulation and its interactions with lifestyle, physical attributes, and mental health, lacks effective drug treatments, relying primarily on non-pharmacological interventions. Fragmented approaches may prove suboptimal due to its complexity, underscoring the potential for multidomain interventions—a combination of two or more strategies to improve individual health—as a promising treatment option. This review examines the possible roles of multidomain interventions in sarcopenia, specifically addressing their effects on muscle mass and quality, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults. While the updated literature highlights the beneficial consequences of multidomain interventions in enhancing physical performance outcomes, gaps persist in understanding their influence on the biological aspects of sarcopenia. Promising initial findings suggest changes in plasma inflammatory markers or muscle turnover networks, but further research is necessary to clarify the disease-modifying effects of multidomain intervention in sarcopenic patients.
... In another study, Fayet et al. (38) found that muscle activity may reflect an earlier decline in deltoid muscle strength in females. Nevertheless, Bullo et al. (39) emphasized that knee extension strength does not differ between groups in men or women according to age. The reason why there was no difference between normalized proximal muscle strength values according to gender in our study can be explained that the physical activities and functional capacities of the individuals are similar to males and females. ...
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare physical activity, functional fitness and fatigue levels according to gender in young-old. Materials and Methods: The international physical activity questionnaire-short form was administered to a total of 55 young-old. Muscle strength, functional capacity, and fatigue were respectively evaluated with the Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester, a 6-minute walking test, and the fatigue severity scale (FSS). Results: It was observed that there was no difference in terms of physical activity, functional capacity, and the percentage of normal values in the proximal muscles (p>0.05). The proximal muscle force of males was higher than female individuals (p<0.05). The scores of female individuals on the FSS were higher than male individuals (p<0.05). Conclusion: Young-old stage, a major transition period for old adults, is an adoption process to the changing work and family life. The similarity of parameters may be due to the fact that major health differences reflected by gender were not observed in this period. Keywords: Young-old adults, fatigue, physical fitness, gender role, muscle strength
... Further, patients in the present study presented KES measures, considerably lower than healthy elderly [45], and that according to cut-points suggested by Manini et al. [46], experience a moderate to high risk, respectively, of future mobility limitations. ...
To examine if knee-extension strength (KES) measures indicating probable sarcopenia are associated with health-related outcomes and if KES and hand grip strength (HGS) measures are associated with 1-year mortality after hip fracture. Two groups of older patients with hip fracture had either HGS (n = 32) or KES (n = 150) assessed during their acute hospital stay. Cut-points for HGS (<27 kg for men and <16 kg for women), and cut-points for maximal isometric KES (non-fractured limb), being the lowest sex-specific quintile (<23.64 kg for men and <15.24 kg for women), were used to examine association with health-related outcomes and 1-year mortality. Overall, 1-year mortality was 12.6% in the two strength groups, of which 47% (HGS) and 46% (KES) respectively, were classified as probable sarcopenia. Probable sarcopenia patients (KES) had lower prefracture function, performed poorly in mobility measures and expressed a greater concern of falling compared to their stronger counterparts. Hazard ratio for 1-year mortality was 2.7 (95%CI = 0.49–14.7, p = 0.3) for HGS and 9.8 (95%CI = 2.2–43.0, p = 0.002) for KES for probable sarcopenia patients compared to those not. Sex-specific KES measures indicating sarcopenia is associated with health-related outcomes and a strong predictor of 1-year mortality after hip fracture.
Background
Stroke leads to various impairments like motor deficits, impaired trunk control and restricted mobility. However, rehabilitation professionals often underestimate the fundamental function of turning, which is essential for daily living activities like walking, cooking, or performing household chores. Impaired turning can be attributed to motor deficits post-stroke, resulting in restricted mobility and impaired trunk movement. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between turn performance, trunk control, and mobility in stroke patients.
Materials and Methods
A total of 63 first-time supratentorial stroke ( i.e ., anterior circulation stroke) patients aged 18–90 years were recruited for the study. Turn performance was assessed by asking patients to walk for 10 feet comfortably, then take a 180° turn and return to the starting position. In addition, the duration and number of steps were recorded. Following this, the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) and Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement (STREAM) were used to assess trunk impairment and mobility, respectively. The group turn performance was analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with a post hoc Mann–Whitney U test for between-group comparisons. The turn duration and turn steps were correlated with age, trunk control, and mobility using Spearman’s rank correlation. A regression analysis was performed to determine the association of turn performance with age, trunk control, and mobility among stroke patients.
Results
Thirty stroke patients had turning difficulty, and 33 did not. Hence, they were categorized into the turning difficulty (TD) and non-turning difficulty (NTD) groups. When correlated with turn duration and the number of steps taken by the stroke patients while turning, the STREAM and TIS scores revealed a significant negative correlation ( p < 0.001). The subjects’ age showed a significant positive correlation with the turn duration and number of steps taken by stroke patients while turning ( p < 0.001). A significant association was also found between turn performance and age and trunk control. However, there was no significant association between turn performance and mobility.
Conclusion
The observed associations highlight the complexity of turning ability and trunk control necessary to complete a turn safely. Additionally, with advancing age, turn performance and turning movement are compromised in stroke patients. This indicates that turning difficulty is more pronounced in older individuals with stroke.
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı kronik bel ağrılı hastalarda obezitenin fiziksel performans, özürlülük, yaşam kalitesi, ağrı, denge ve fonksiyonel mobilite üzerine etkisini saptamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 18-65 yaş arası 102 kişi dahil edilmiştir. Olgular; Vücut Kütle İndeksine (VKİ) göre üç gruba ayrılmıştır (normal kilolu (grup I), fazla kilolu (grup II), obez (grupIII)). Tüm hastalara Fiziksel Performans Test Bataryası (FPTB), Oswestry Özürlülük Ölçeği (OÖÖ), Kısa Form- 36 (KF-36), Görsel Analog Skalası (GAS) ve Süreli Kalk Yürü Testi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: FPTB parametrelerinden 5 dk yürüme ve ağırlıkla öne uzanma parametrelerinde grup III ile grup I arasında anlamlı fark tespit edilmiştir(p0.05). OÖÖ verilerinde ve KF-36’nın 8 alt parametresinde her üç grup arasında fark tespit edilmemiştir(p>0.05). Ancak VKİ ile KF-36’nın fiziksel fonksiyon parametresi arasında negatif korelasyon bulunmuştur(r=-,231; p
