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In this paper, we analyze the spectral efficiency for millimeter wave downlink with beam misalignment in urban macro scenario. For this purpose, we use a new approach based on the modified Shannon formula, which considers the propagation environment and antenna system coefficients. These factors are determined based on a multi-ellipsoidal propagati...
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... under these propagation conditions, beamforming antenna system should supply a beam steering mechanism to the direction of the maximum level of the received signal. The justification for applying such a solution is illustrated in Figure 5. It can be seen that using the direction of the maximum signal level ensures an additional increase in the spectral efficiency by 1 bit/s/Hz. ...