Figure - uploaded by Laura del Carmen Sánchez-Sánchez
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
Eating disorders are associated with short and long-term consequences that can affect sports performance. The purposes of this study were to investigate whether female athletes, particularly gymnasts and footballers, exhibit more eating problems compared to female non-athletes, and to identify individual personality characteristics including anxiet...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... perfectionism (CAPS) had a statistically significant positive correlation with anxiety (STAI), that is, as the score in perfectionism was increasing, so did the anxiety, and vice versa. Finally, the eating attitude (EAT40, Sub1 and Sub2) had a statistically significant positive correlation with anxiety, that is, as the scores in the subscales of anxiety increased, the eating attitude worsened (Table 3). ...Similar publications
Rezumat. Lucrarea prezintă rezultatele analizei dezvoltării coordonării senzomotrice ale gimnastelor junioare de 12-15 ani și performanțele sportive obținute în trei concursuri naționale în perioada 2012. Analiza dezvoltării coordonării senzo-motrice a gimnastelor junioare de 12-15 ani scoate în evidență îmbunătățirea preciziei aterizării, simțului...
The beneficial effects of physical activity on body image perception and bone are debated among artistic gymnasts. Gymnasts seem to be at greater risk of developing body dissatisfaction, eating disorders and osteoporosis due to inadequate nutrition and attention to the appearance of the body. The objective of this work was to investigate the associ...
Background
In current sports science, the important role of sleep quality for health and peak performance is well acknowledged. More precisely, it is evident that the negative combination of stressful factors, low resources, and bad sleep habits causes short-term performance losses as well as long-term health consequences. As the maximization of hu...
Citations
... Not only are psychological patterns of perfectionism and disordered eating more common in female athletes than female non-athletes, but athletes with high levels of perfectionism were also more likely to feel psychological distress and engage in maladaptive training habits, making them more susceptible to overuse injuries such as stress fractures. Addressing psychological, biomechanical, and physiological components is critical for comprehensive injury prevention techniques (Petisco-Rodríguez et al., 2020). Irregular or slanted running surfaces increase biomechanical stress on the lower limbs, affecting stride patterns and dispersing forces unevenly. ...
This qualitative review of systematic reviews consolidates current knowledge on stress fractures among endurance athletes and sprinters, including epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. A search across PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, limiting results to articles published within the last year, yielded 90 relevant articles. Initial search results were narrowed down to 56 articles following abstract screening, with an additional article obtained through direct author correspondence. Stress fractures, a subset of bone stress injuries, result from persistent mechanical pressure surpassing bone regeneration capacity. They predominantly affect lower extremities, notably the tibia and metatarsals in endurance runners, and the toe phalanx in sprinters. Various risk factors contribute to stress fracture susceptibility, including gender, nutritional deficiencies, biomechanical factors, and psychological aspects like perfectionism and fear of failure. Diagnosis involves detailed patient history, clinical examination, and imaging modalities such as MRI, which remains the gold standard. Treatment emphasizes rest, gradual return to activity, and addressing underlying risk factors. Surgical intervention is reserved for high-risk fractures or cases of non-union. Preventive measures encompass nutritional optimization, biomechanical assessment, appropriate footwear, and psychological support. Notably, strategies targeting the Female Athlete Triad and ensuring adequate energy availability are crucial in both endurance and sprinting athletes. While more research directly comparing distance runners to sprinters is warranted, along with more sprinting-related research in general, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of stress fractures in endurance athletes and sprinters, aiding clinicians in diagnosis, management, and prevention strategies to optimize athlete health and performance.
... They are most likely to develop in athletes who compete in sports that a) promote leanness as a way to improve performance, b) divide team eligibility according to weight, or c) receive points based on appearance [14]. Athletes' risk of acquiring EDs varies according to their gender, sport, and also level of competition [15]. Self-reported measures for DE et al., (2022) indicated that overall, 35% (1%-62%) of Jordanian athletes were at substantial risk for ED [20]. ...
... Recent studies point to the promotion of a healthy body image as a helpful foundation for addressing athletes' DE [24,25]. Athletes may be susceptible to EDs because the prevalent idealized body image in sports emphasizes leanness or low body weight, particularly so in endurance, aesthetic, and weight class competitions [15,24,26]. Other contributing factors are: early sport-specific training, participation in weight-class sports, the engrained habit of frequent dieting and subsequent weight fluctuation [27], the wearing of skimpy sportswear, coaching pressure, and involvement in elite-level competition [20,26,28]. ...
... [29]Athletes who base their identity and, hence, their self-esteem, on their love of the game they play have less trouble with SRDE than those whose identity is based on their personal game skills and successes (which fluctuate). Low self-esteem is a significant risk factor leading to body image problems and subsequent ED [15]. ...
Background
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to provide a pooled prevalence estimate of self-reported disordered eating (SRDE) in athletes based on the available literature, and to identify risk factors for their occurrence.
Methods
Across ten academic databases, an electronic search was conducted from inception to 7th January 2024. The proportion of athletes scoring at or above predetermined cutoffs on validated self-reporting screening measures was used to identify disordered eating (DE). Subgroup analysis per country, per culture, and per research measure were also conducted. Age, body mass index (BMI), and sex were considered as associated/correlated factors.
Results
The mean prevalence of SRDE among 70,957 athletes in 177 studies (132 publications) was 19.23% (17.04%; 21.62%), I² = 97.4%, τ² = 0.8990, Cochran's Q p value = 0. Australia had the highest percentage of SRDE athletes with a mean of 57.1% (36.0%-75.8%), while Iceland had the lowest, with a mean of 4.9% (1.2%-17.7%). The SRDE prevalence in Eastern countries was higher than in Western countries with 29.1% versus 18.5%. Anaerobic sports had almost double the prevalence of SRDE 37.9% (27.0%-50.2%) compared to aerobic sports 19.6% (15.2%-25%). Gymnastics sports had the highest SRDE prevalence rate, with 41.5% (30.4%-53.6%) while outdoor sports showed the lowest at 15.4% (11.6%-20.2%). Among various tools used to assess SRDE, the three-factor eating questionnaire yielded the highest SRDE rate 73.0% (60.1%-82.8%). Meta-regression analyses showed that female sex, older age, and higher BMI (all p < 0.01) are associated with higher prevalence rates of SRDE.
Conclusion
The outcome of this review suggests that factors specific to the sport affect eating behaviors throughout an athlete's life. As a result, one in five athletes run the risk of developing an eating disorder. Culture-specific and sport-specific diagnostic tools need to be developed and increased attention paid to nutritional deficiencies in athletes.
... The prevalence of DE among adolescents is high worldwide, though varies among countries and by methods of assessments. 9,10 For instance, adolescents in the USA report weight dissatisfaction at a rate of up to 25%, and about 38% of males and 50% of females engage in unhealthy weight-control behaviors. 11 Previous research has shown that 41.5% of Israeli adolescents were not satisfied with their weight, 45.3% wanted to lose weight, and a third frequently engaged in dieting. ...
Aim:
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and disordered eating (DE) are both highly prevalent among adolescents, but their relationship is understudied. This study examines their possible association in a nationally representative sample of adolescents.
Methods:
Participants in the Israeli Youth Health and Nutrition Survey (2015-2016), a cross-sectional, school-based study, completed self-administered questionnaires, including the SCOFF questionnaire, and underwent anthropometric measurements. An affirmative reply to at least two SCOFF items was considered a DE case. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the ADHD-DE association and the associations between ADHD and individual SCOFF items, controlling for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and body mass index.
Results:
Of 4616 participants (12-18 years, 50.2% male), 654 reported an ADHD diagnosis. DE prevalence among ADHD adolescents was significantly higher than the non-ADHD group (50.2% vs. 43.9%, p = 0.003). Controlling for potential covariates, the association between ADHD and DE remained significant (OR = 1.409; 95% CI: 1.170-1.697), as did associations between ADHD and three SCOFF items. No difference in DE prevalence was found between stimulant-treated (n = 287) and untreated (n = 326) adolescents with ADHD.
Conclusion:
Adolescents with ADHD are more likely to experience DE. As DE can herald an imminent eating disorder, early identification is crucial. Further studies are needed to determine the ADHD-DE relationship's causality.
Impact:
Disordered eating (DE) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common among adolescents, and significantly affect health and well-being. This study examined the association between ADHD and DE in adolescents using the SCOFF questionnaire. Following adjustment for sociodemographic variables and BMI z-score, ADHD was associated with a 41% increased odds for DE. This study established the association between ADHD and DE, using a well-known questionnaire, in a large, nationally representative sample of adolescents. Monitoring eating behaviors and attitudes among adolescents with ADHD should be a priority, to minimize the risk of developing an eating disorder and its harmful consequences.
... Obesity has become an epidemic and is a major threat to health in various parts of the world because obese people usually avoid sports and physical activity to avoid stigma and shame [1]. Obesity is a multifactorial disease with an increasing incidence and burden in people all over the world [2]. ...
Background: Obesity has become an epidemic and is a major threat to health. There are many ways to overcome obesity, one of which is exercise, but there are still reasons such as not having time to exercise. The purpose of this study is to discuss and describe the effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on weight loss in obese adults. Method: The method used in this study was a literature review using PRISMA to determine the number of articles used, the PEDro scale to assess each article, and check the quartiles of articles through schimago, then The articles were explained the population, intervention, comparison and outcome of each article. Result: The results obtained were that weight loss in the HIIT group varied from each article, namely 3.9kg, 5.3kg, 5.7kg, and 5kg, All comparison groups from articles that discussed HIIT and BMI also experienced weight loss, but HIIT had advantages in losing weight compared to some other comparisons, except for a study conducted by D'Amuri et al in 2021 which showed greater weight loss results in the MICT group, namely 0.3kg more than the HIIT group which was only 5.7kg, however, the two groups did not have a significant difference. Conclusion: This study concludes that High-Intensity Interval Training can reduce the weight of individuals who are obese in adulthood.
... A similar finding of high prevalence of eating disorders was reported in a study which also suggested screening as an important tool to determine unhealthy eating attitudes. The healthcare workers and policy makers need to focus on nutrition education, risk factors of DEB, mental health and wellbeing and body image concerns (Petisco-Rodríguez et al., 2020). There is a temporal association between obesity and ADHD behavior which increases the chances of ED, which further proceed to other mental health problems, dieting, purging or binging at early adulthood leads to depression and anxiety afterwards (Robinson, Zhang, Jia, Bobou, Roach, Campbell, Irish, Quinlan, Tay, & Barker, 2020). ...
Background:Eating Disorders is a common chronic condition among adolescents which ranks at thirdposition after obesity and asthma and is morethan thrice as prevalent infemales as compared to males. Objective:The objective of the present study was to screen adolescencts for eating disorders and anxiety in Pakistan. M e t h o d o l o g y :A sample of 382 adolescent respondents was selected from high schools (both public and private) located in twin cities (Rawalpindi and Islamabad) of Punjab Pakistan and Mirpur (Azad Kashmir). Four pre-validated data collection tools i.e. Sick Control One Fat Food (SCOFF) questionnaire, EDE-A (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire), CIA (Clinical impairment assessment) and STAI (state trait anxiety inventory) were used for screening of eating disorders and anxiety among conveniently selected adolescents. All the data was coded, entered and analysed using SPSS 21. Results: The results of the current study showed that among adolescent respondents the prevalence of Eating Disorders was 57.6 % (n=220) after screening. ED was more common among early aged adolescents, of 13 years 30% (n=15) and 14 years 26% (n=13) age. Females were more prone to ED 80% (n=40), than males 20% (n=10). Anxiety levels were quite high 30.6% (n=117) among adolescents. Conclusion: The study concluded high prevalence of eating disorders and anxiety among adolescents. Anorexia and Bulimia nervosa were the most commonly identified eating disorders among adolescents. Educational programs should be arranged in high schools and at the community level to improve the knowledge and awareness regarding eating disorders among adolescents and their parents. Healthcare workers should also focus on early screening and treatment of adolescents diagnosed with eating disorders.
... Anxiety [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Bipolar disorder [20][21][22][23][24] Depression [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Eating Disorders [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Loneliness [49][50][51][52] Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders [53][54][55] Self-esteem [17,[56][57][58][59] Self-harm [60][61][62] Sleep Problems [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74] Stress [70,[75][76][77][78] Suicidal feelings [11,[79][80][81][82][83] The training, which is designed to prepare the athlete for high performance competition, is an endless internal struggle for the body. The body constantly strives for homeostasis, a term used to describe the inner equilibrium of systems and physiological parameters [84]. ...
... Anxiety [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Bipolar disorder [20][21][22][23][24] Depression [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Eating Disorders [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Loneliness [49][50][51][52] Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders [53][54][55] Self-esteem [17,[56][57][58][59] Self-harm [60][61][62] Sleep Problems [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74] Stress [70,[75][76][77][78] Suicidal feelings [11,[79][80][81][82][83] The training, which is designed to prepare the athlete for high performance competition, is an endless internal struggle for the body. The body constantly strives for homeostasis, a term used to describe the inner equilibrium of systems and physiological parameters [84]. ...
We proposed that an athlete’s depressive symptoms may be different from the general population in etiology if considered from the context of a depressive disorder. By shifting focus from a limited notion of symptoms onto a comprehensive model of depression, the full scope of the phenomenon becomes clearer. This paper investigated the relationship between neurotransmitters and allostatic load to explain the incidence of depression among elite athletes. This literature review extensively analyzed exercise-induced neurohormonal imbalance resulting in depressive states among athletes. The research revealed that 5-HTTLPR polymorphism, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), extensive psychological demands, social stigma, and overtraining syndrome (OTS) may all contribute to a unique version of depression. The research revealed that the biological standards of athletes differ from those of non-athletes, to the point that the new model may be useful, thereby introducing the new term “Adaptable Depression (AD)” to the literature. This framework suggests a new direction for future research to precisely measure the neurotransmitter-related brain changes that result in “Adaptable Depression” in athletes and to establish a better understanding of the depressive tipping point.
... The risk of developing dysfunctional eating habits and EDs varies depending on the sport practiced and correlates with the increase in sporting level; in fact, elite athletes are more at risk [20][21][22]. and, by not focusing attention on the aesthetic aspect of the body, are poorly associated with food problems [25,33]. ...
Objective: This preliminary study focused on the description of some dysfunctional perceptions of the body image and eating habits in a sample of young. Methods: The results obtained by 55 amateur and professional volleyball players belonging to volleyball sports clubs located in the province of Reggio Emilia were examined. The age of the sample is in a range between 11 and 44 years. The participants completed the Pisa Survey for Eating Disorders (PSED), a questionnaire aimed at examining eating behavior and the perception of one’s body image. The athletes’ height and body weight were subsequently detected through direct measurement. Conclusion: The data collected through the self-evaluation questionnaire and the measurements carried out by the study made it possible to analyze the perception of the body image and the eating habits of the volleyball players belonging to the sample and to compare them with the data in the literature. The data, albeit preliminary, allow us to confirm the existence of the discrepancy between the real body image and the desired one, in a group of young athletes, who favors the adoption of non-adaptive coping strategies to control one’s own weight and body shapes typical of the vicious circle - strict diet, bingeing episodes, compensatory behaviors - which characterizes eating disorders (ED). It is therefore considered essential that body image assessment is a practice implemented in the assessment routine of these athletes, especially in consideration of the fact that body image disturbance is a very common feature in this category and is one of the main risk factors of EDs.
Introduction: Perfectionism is a psychological issue that psychologists have studied extensively. Research shows that perfectionism can either enhance or hinder performance. Aim: The purpose of this research was to develop a model of perfectionism for abnormal personality traits. Method: This study utilized a mixed exploratory approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative phase involved 20 university experts knowledgeable about perfectionism in sports, with the sample size reaching theoretical saturation. The quantitative phase included 232 players from the national team's training camps, selected through convenience sampling. Using the onion research method, a model of perfectionism for abnormal personality traits in national team players was developed based on interviews and expert input. A 10-component questionnaire was created from this model. Structural equation modeling and Smart PLS software were used to test relationships within the model. Results: The research yielded a model of perfectionism for abnormal personality traits in national team players, consisting of components such as negativity, expectations of others, coach criticism, self-control, individual standards, positivism, striving for excellence, fear of failure, and performance doubts. Conclusion: The results suggest that perfectionism significantly influences players' attitudes and behaviors, particularly in relation to abnormal personality traits.
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı apranti jokeylerde sosyal görünüş kaygısı ve yeme davranışları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir.Bireyler ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmaya Türkiye Jokey Kulübü’ne bağlı olarak faaliyet gösteren 46 erkek apranti jokey katılmıştır. Katılımcılara ait veriler; sosyodemografik özellikler, Sosyal Fizik Kaygı Envanteri (SFKE) ve Üç Faktörlü Beslenme Anketini (TFEQ) içeren bir anket formu kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile toplanmış ve antropometrik ölçümleri (vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu) kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmada apranti jokeylerin duygusal yeme davranışı ile olumsuz değerlendirilme beklentisi arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (r=0.295 ve p<0.05). Beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) değeri yüksek olan sporcuların olumsuz değerlendirilme beklentisi (r=0.322 ve p<0.05) ve toplam sosyal fizik kaygı envanteri puanları arasında pozitif yönlü ilişki bulunmuştur (r=0.329 ve p<0.05). Vücut görünüşünden memnun olmayanların bilişsel kısıtlama davranış skorlarının daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p>0.05). Sonuç: Apranti jokeylerde BKİ’nin sosyal görünüş kaygısı ile ilişkili olduğu ve sosyal görünüş kaygısının da duygusal yeme davranışını etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Multidisipliner sağlık ekibinin adölesan grupta yer alan apranti jokeyler ile çalışırken sporcuları yeme tutumu ve sosyal görünüş kaygısı bakımından taranmaları ve ek değerlendirmeler yapılması, riskli grupta yer alanlar ile ilgili tedavi stratejileri oluşturulması, sporcuların adölesan dönemden yetişkinlik dönemine sağlıklı geçişi için önemlidir.
The practice of physical exercises is known to be able to protect individuals against depression. The present study aimed to investigate the tendency to depression based on symptoms in athletes and non-sports practitioners. The research of exploratory, descriptive, analytical, transversal and quantitative characteristics, developed in Sergipe, was carried out between the months of April and July of the year 2018. The athletes were sought in clubs in the city of Aracaju and the metropolitan region. The analysed variables were: sex, age, time of competitive activity, level of competition, receiving financial aid, type of sport and weekly training time. The result of the Beck Depression Inventory among sub-elite and non-practising athletes showed a lower prevalence of depression symptoms among athletes [U= 314, p< 001]. [F(1,59)= 19.765, p< .001], adolescents [F(1,7)= 11.598, p= .011] and young adults [F(1,72)= 24.030, p< .001]. Athletes of team sports were shown to be less vulnerable than individual athletes and non-practitioners, as well as the athlete's condition was shown to be associated and correlated with the tendency to depression based on symptoms
