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![Sink with Traditional Faucet [12]](profile/David-Cochran-6/publication/233085240/figure/fig5/AS:668559818629127@1536408490670/Sink-with-Traditional-Faucet-12.png)
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![Fig. 2. Sink with Traditional Faucet [12]](profile/David-Cochran-6/publication/233085240/figure/fig5/AS:668559818629127@1536408490670/Sink-with-Traditional-Faucet-12_Q320.jpg)
![Fig. 3. Sufield Model of Water Temperature-Water Flow Rate [12]](profile/David-Cochran-6/publication/233085240/figure/fig1/AS:533443743948800@1504194307011/Sufield-Model-of-Water-Temperature-Water-Flow-Rate-12_Q320.jpg)
![Fig. 6. Schematic Drawing of a Switch [13]](profile/David-Cochran-6/publication/233085240/figure/fig6/AS:668559818645517@1536408490807/Schematic-Drawing-of-a-Switch-13_Q320.jpg)
TRIZ is a Russian acronym for the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, which is a little-known algorithmic system for solving engineering problems. It has been developed by Altshuller and colleagues for over 50 years in the former Soviet Union (he started his work on an algorithm for the solution of inventive problems in 1946). Axiomatic Design has...
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... too long ago, even now, faucets that look like the one in Fig. 2. are used. These faucets consist of a cold (DP1) and a hot water valve (DP2) that control both the flow and the temperature of the water. Thus, the two top-level FRs might be stated in the following way. Hence, the design matrix might be represented in the way given ...
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... force, the paper feeder turns to a passive element, the solenoid to an active element and the electromagnetic force to a field ( Fig. 11.). Kurr states that on the next lower level (sub) function, the solenoid has changed to S1, since now the sensor is the active element which activates the solenoid by switching an electric field, and so on. (Fig. 12.) F electromagnetic S1 S2 solenoid sensor Fig. 12. Sufield Model of the Enhanced Paper Feeder Sub-subfunction [12] Kurr claims that this process is consistent with Axiomatic Design's zigzagging process and one should consider all 3 components of the Sufield model at each corresponding level of hierarchy, since the traditional 'verb-noun ...
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... the solenoid to an active element and the electromagnetic force to a field ( Fig. 11.). Kurr states that on the next lower level (sub) function, the solenoid has changed to S1, since now the sensor is the active element which activates the solenoid by switching an electric field, and so on. (Fig. 12.) F electromagnetic S1 S2 solenoid sensor Fig. 12. Sufield Model of the Enhanced Paper Feeder Sub-subfunction [12] Kurr claims that this process is consistent with Axiomatic Design's zigzagging process and one should consider all 3 components of the Sufield model at each corresponding level of hierarchy, since the traditional 'verb-noun statement' defining a function in its broad ...
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In this paper, we present a method incorporating axiomatic design, TRIZ, and mixed integer programming (MIP) to solve engineering design problems. Axiomatic design decomposes the problem into several mutually independent sub-problems, TRIZ generates all feasible design concepts, and MIP optimizes cost and the numerical configuration among available...
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Modular design can shorten the product development cycle and enhance the product research and development capability of enterprises. To better solve the problem of module interface coupling after module partition, the present modular product design method has been improved based on the theory of inventive problem solving and axiomatic design theory...
![Fig. 2. Expanding mandrel [11].](publication/312252233/figure/fig2/AS:450825630818306@1484496614289/Expanding-mandrel-11_Q320.jpg)
The design of a fixture device is very laborious, requiring consideration of many issues from series production, information on the raw part material, required precision surfaces, ensuring an appropriate orientation scheme, continue with requirements related device itself as number of parts, parts type, complexity, manageability, easy operation and...
Citations
... For enterprises and individuals, TRIZ may need to be combined with other more intuitive and innovative methods (Terninko, Zusman, and Zlotin 1998). In dealing with user issues, the innovative solutions obtained using the TRIZ method often exhibit a certain degree of repetitiveness (Kim and Cochran 2000). They are also challenging to align precisely with the actual needs of the target users to provide innovative solutions (Fiorineschi et al. 2018). ...
... Kim and Cochran [29] addressed the TRIZ method for axiomatic design content. The TRIZ method was framed by Cavallucci and Weill [30] for use during the design process. ...
The Indonesian roof tile manufacturing industry relies heavily on manual operations, specifically in transportation and inspection processes, which creates multiple issues, such as fatigue, injuries, human error, and reduced productivity. Various industries in the Indonesian industrial landscape have begun embracing a problem-solving approach known as the theory of inventive problem-solving (TRIZ) to mine solutions for industrial issues. Nevertheless, its application in the Indonesian roof tile manufacturing industry remains unaddressed. The study aims to solve manual handling issues in the roof tile manufacturing industry using TRIZ. Three observations were outlined from manual roof tile transportation and inspection, followed by the formulation of engineering contradictions (ECs). The ECs were linked with system parameters, which were used as indicators within the contradiction matrix to extract inventive principles as solution models for conceptual development. The concept included an automated system with a conveyor belt (#15: dynamics) for effective transportation, automated image capture (#28: mechanics substitution) for effective inspection, and a flipping conveyor (#25: self-service) to eliminate manual contact. Although the study addressed several issues stemming from manual operations, mechanical analysis, prototyping, and usability testing still require improvements.
... In short, TRIZ and AHP were integrated to make use of strengths of both methods to quickly discover and resolve design conflicts, and develop most feasible wheelchair concept. [14] TRIZ with AHP Dual layer tread tire [15] TRIZ with AHP and Eco-Design elements Bottle casing [16] TRIZ with optimization tool Sheet metal snips [17] TRIZ with FMEA and Eco-Design Vacuum cleaner [18] TRIZ with axiomatic design and mixed integer programming Locomotive ballast [19] TRIZ with axiomatic design Electrical switch [20] ...
The Reconfigurable wheelchair incorporated with sit-to-stand and sit-to-sleep capabilities is the technological solution for extensive wheelchair users to promote their quality of life (QoL), safety and comfort. This paper presents the conceptual design of a reconfigurable wheelchair using the TRIZ and AHP integrated approach. The objective of this study was to develop optimal conceptual designs of a reconfigurable wheelchair by overcoming identified design conflicts. The TRIZ contradiction toolkit was employed in the early conceptual design phase. Based on the TRIZ inventive principles and developed design strategy, new reconfigurable wheelchair mechanism was modelled in SolidWorks environment, using a top-down modelling approach. Dimensions of a wheelchair were kept within the dimensions of a standard wheelchair. The newly modelled mechanism was refined using motion simulation capabilities of the SolidWorks software. The new mechanism was further integrated with different wheelchair design features by means of the morphological chart in order to get innovative conceptual designs. Further, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was utilized as a multi-criteria decision making technique for optimal conceptual design selection. Conceptual design-I (joystick controller with electric drive) received highest weight among all conceptual designs, hence selected as the optimal conceptual design. Consistency ratio (CR) for the pair-wise comparisons made throughout the AHP method was found less than 0.10. All AHP calculations were supported by Microsoft Excel Add-in for multi-criteria decision problems. For the purpose of functionality testing of newly modelled wheelchair, 3D printed wheelchair parts have been fabricated (using ABS material) and tested for desired mechanical movements. The methodology implemented in the present work can be utilized for upcoming applications in design of new assistive devices.
... Four steps to the design process were presented by Suh and Sekimoto in 1990 [6], then paraphrased by Kim and Cochran in 2000 [7]. They are further paraphrased below, to be cast in the imperative for use later in this paper as FRs in a new design problem. ...
... The fulfillment of each FR by a DP, and the possible influences of others, is represented mathematically. Kim and Cochran [7] state that AD covers just the third step in Table 1, where Suh's axioms discern good and bad design solutions. They go on to state that AD suffers from a lack of systematic approaches to finding satisfactory candidate DPs. ...
This paper discusses how to foster creativity and sustainability during Axiomatic Design processes, including Industry 4.0 as an example application. Creativity is generating valuable, new ideas. Innovation is making new ideas viable. This paper explains how AD theory and methods can improve the selection process in evolution-inspired creativity for formulating functional requirements and generating and selecting design parameters. FR formulation is a key to creating value in design solutions. No design solution can be better than its FRs. The FRs must capture the true, underlying essence of customer needs. In addition, an FR must define the solution space appropriately, so that all the best DP candidates are included. Suh’s axioms are used to select the single best DPs from the candidates. In AD, viabilityis established systematically during the axiomatic decomposition and the physical integration processes. Methods for detecting poor design thinking are presented. Metrics and tests for evaluating FRs’ facility for creativity and innovation are proposed. Techniques for improving FRs are proposed, decomposed, and reviewed for their compliance with the axioms.
... Unification of TRIZ and AD was initiated by associating Su-field modeling of TRIZ and zigzagging of functional requirements (FRs) in AD [34]. Kim and Cochran reviewed TRIZ from the perspective of AD and portrayed synonymies in both the techniques [12]. Major reflections on developments in amalgamation of AD and TRIZ have attempted to analyze possible consolidation parameters for the fusion framework [13,21,24][24]. ...
... TRIZ utilizes technical and physical contradictions to generate innovative solutions. Though AD establishes three types on system conflicts (functional coupling, triangular matrix and improper DP) [12], it does not provide clear guidelines to invent for the design voids. Kurr proposed inventing through TRIZ in an axiomatic design framework to shape new DPs and to solve functional coupling [34]. ...
... A functional coupling can also be resolved employing the TRIZ tools; however, the number of addressable functions will be limited. Kim and Cochran demonstrated the use of physical conflicts of TRIZ in an axiomatic framework to resolve functional coupling [12]. In a decoupled design, arrangement of DPs shapes the design space. ...
The research paper reflects on advancements in the amalgamation of established methods of TRIZ and axiomatic design techniques in the context of system design. The fusion of problem rendering capabilities of axioms and innovation potential of TRIZ matrix is explored and examined by multiple theoretical standpoints. An analytical conclusion is derived through comparative analysis of contemporary developments in the mixed method technique. Methodological voids in the advancements are also constituted by analogical comparisons in the design cycle. A reference to the human-centered design process is established as a demonstration of scalability of TRIZ-Axiom framework to contemporary multi-dimensional design practices.
... In the mining industry, Akyuz (2017) used a hybrid of HFACS and Analytic Network Process (ANP) to assess potential operational contingencies in a real shipboard accident. Kim and Cochran (2000) reviewed the different concepts of TRIZ such as Ideality, contradictions and Sufield model from the standpoint of AD while Kuroshi and Ölçer (2016) used AD principles to evaluate BWM Systems for appropriateness with respect to some stipulated criteria. A comparative analysis of both AD and TRIZ was undertaken by Yang and Zhang (2000a). ...
This paper presents a new methodology developed to quantitatively analyze and prioritize the contributions of Human Factors (HFs) in the human-machine-interaction (HMI) within a complex sociotechnical system such as a Ballast Water Management (BWM) System. The methodology is a combination of the Human Factor Analysis Classification System (HFACS), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and a modified version of the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) known as the Radial Dynamics Model (RDM). The methodology (HFACS-AHP-RDM) is based on a five-step algorithm, with which data from experts' judgment was analyzed. A human-error and system risk minimization hierarchy was subsequently proposed to improve human performance and minimize the likelihood of an unwanted event such as the discharge of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens (HAOPs). The result from the study in order of hierarchy showed fatigue, training and complex automation to be the HFs with the greatest impacts on BWM operations. Minimizing their impact, therefore, will have the greatest positive contribution on the performance of the system. Relevance to industry: The study's outcome shall help decision makers in prioritizing limited resources (e.g. time and money) allocation to resolving only issues related to HFs with the greatest impact on BWM System's performance. The new methodology could also be applicable in assessing the relative impacts of subjective criteria like HFs in complex sociotechnical systems other than BWM Systems.
... The design is uncoupled since the design matrix is diagonal. Therefore, the information content is zero, and it does not violate the information axiom (Cochran, Eversheim, Kubin, & Sesterhenn, 2000;Kim & Cochran, 2000). Hence, to obtain the best design, the sequence must be the following: ...
Development of musculoskeletal disorders caused by awkward postures are present in tasks performed in small companies. Consequently, this chapter evaluates the postural risk level associated to the task of changing brake pads of a forklift, and proposes the design and the implementation of an ergonomic bench that helps to reduce this level of postural risk. As methods, postural risk level corresponding to the task was determined using REBA, whereas anthropometric analysis was developed, and axiomatic design and TRIZ methodologies were used to develop the proposed design. Results showed a REBA score of 8 (high-risk level). The final design is done of nylamid, and it contains some TRIZ principle, such as copying, extraction, and dynamicity. Respect axiomatic design, the bench meets some functional requirements, such as support the user's weight, avoid unsafety conditions, and be adjustable. With the TRIZ principles and functional requirements, this bench will help diminish postural risk level.
... TRIZ techniques are used in various disciplines and fields. Kim and Cochran [28] reviewed a number of TRIZ concepts from the perspective of the axiomatic-design framework. Yamashina et al. [29] proposed an effective integration of TRIZ and quality-function deployment, enabling technological innovations for the effectiveness and systematic operability of new products. ...
This paper focuses on an investment decision-making process for sustainable development based on the profitability impact factors for overseas projects. Investors prefer to use the discounted cash-flow method. Although this method is simple and straightforward, its critical weakness is its inability to reflect the factor volatility associated with the project evaluation. To overcome this weakness, the Value-at-Risk method is used to apply the volatility of the profitability impact factors, thereby reflecting the risks and establishing decision-making criteria for risk-averse investors. Risk-averse investors can lose relatively acceptable investment opportunities to risk-neutral or risk-amenable investors due to strict investment decision-making criteria. To overcome this problem, critical factors are selected through a Monte Carlo simulation and a sensitivity analysis, and solutions to the critical-factor problems are then found by using the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving and a business version of the Project Definition Rating Index. This study examines the process of recovering investment opportunities with projects that are investment feasible and that have been rejected when applying the criterion of the Value-at-Risk method. To do this, a probabilistic alternative approach is taken. To validate this methodology, the proposed framework for an improved decision-making process is demonstrated using two actual overseas projects of a Korean steel-making company.
... Last but not least, the notion of "contradiction" (i.e., a negative correlation between two entities) from TRIZ [7] is incorporated, as the third theoretical pillar of ICD. According to TRIZ, there are three categories of contradictions: administrative, system, and physical contradiction. ...
... Administrative contradiction is a result of over-demanding CN, and it can only be possibly removed by negotiating with the customers. System contradiction arises when FRs are coupling with each other [7], and TRIZ prescribed a systemic procedure (i.e., 39 parameters and 40 principles) to address the system contradictions. Physical contradiction refers to the situation where the same physical system (DP or PS) is desired to possess a variety of mutually conflicting ABs. ...
... For this contradiction, the most effective way is to build appropriate functions (g32,31 and g32,35) among feed rate, damping, and grinding force fluctuation, as indicated in equation (7). ...
This paper presents an intelligent conceptual design framework for complex machine tools, which features a back and forth interaction mechanism between human intelligence and machine intelligence, towards a more productive design process. In particular, the focus hinges on the transition between concept generation and concept improvement, where a heuristics-based method is proposed to solve physical contradictions via a human-computer interaction mechanism. Focusing on the design of ultra-precision grinding machine, a case study presents how the framework facilitated resolving the key contradiction between high position servo stiffness and force control compliance, by a novel active grinding force control strategy.
... The concept of TRIZ with Axiomatic Design was earlier applied [8] and discussed. Here several concepts of TRIZ, such as Ideality, Contradictions and Su field were reviewed and explained from the standpoint of Axiomatic Design. ...
The competitive environment in engineering drags to optimize the material and processing cost of air receivers. TRIZ (Theory to resolve inventive problems), a Russian concept and Design for manufacturing principles have been utilized for the arrival of solution. So far these concepts were used individually and are rare to find the synergistic approach. This paper proposes to integrate the benefits of TRIZ with DFM under a single roof in such a way that TRIZ gives the innovative solutions while DFM applies its design and manufacturing rules to narrow down in finding the exact solution. A case study has been taken in a fabrication sector for the design of dished ends of an air receiver and the existing elliptical type has been replaced with hemispherical type. As a result of this implementation the material and processing cost was significantly reduced. The present work gives an outline about the flexibility of the application of TRIZ with DFM for optimizing the design and process requirements.
