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Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the investigated sludges. The surface of the initial a) aerobic granular sludge (AGS), and the b) algal–bacterial granular sludge (ABGS). The exterior of the c) AGS, and the d) ABGS after the introduction of 50 mg L⁻¹ TiO2 NPs
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The chronic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) on aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and algal–bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) was examined in this study. Sequencing batch bioreactors (SBRs) and photo sequencing batch bioreactors (PSBRs) were operated with synthetic wastewater containing 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 50 mg L⁻¹ TiO2 NPs for...
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