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Route of administration and type of drugs abused by patients undergoing treatment at de-addiction centers
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A study of profile of patients admitted in the drug de-addiction centers in the state of Punjab
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Було проаналізовано 3207 спонтанних карт-повідомлень (Форма № 137/о), що надійшли до Державного експертного центру МОЗ України, про випадки побічних реакцій (ПР) антибактеріальних засобів для системного застосування (АБЗ) у дітей протягом усього дослідження за період 2018–2023 рр. Аналіз частоти виникнення ПР ЛЗ виявив найбільший показник у цефтріа...
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... 98 patients were male in our research. This was similar to the findings of study done in the past (8) in which authors found that the majority of cases in their study were male. However one study done in 1978 (9) also found 1 female drug user in their study. ...
Objective: In India, the epidemic of substance misuse among young people has grown alarmingly severe over the past few years. These patients continue to spread the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) at an alarming pace on a global scale. Co-morbidity between psychiatric diseases and substance use disorders has recently gained significant policy attention. The current study sought to determine the prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity, HIV, HBV, and HCV infection among individuals with substance use disorders.Material and methods: The present cross-sectional study was tertiary care Drug De-addiction Centre based study in which their sero-prevalence of anti-HCV, anti-HIV antibodies and HBsAg antigen were determined along with psychiatric co-morbidity among 100 consenting patients of substance dependence syndrome. Pre structured psychiatric thesis, socio demographic performa, self reporting questionare 20 and MINI were applied to study the abovesaid factors. The data was evaluated using Microsoft Office Excel worksheet.Results: The majority 60.0% of patients had single substance dependence. Out of that maximum had opioid dependence 86.7% followed by alcohol dependence 8.3%. 30 (30.0%) patients were reactive for any of three viral markers and 70 (70%) patients were non-reactive. Regarding psychiatric co-morbidity 29.0% patients of substance dependence syndrome had co-morbid psychiatric illness as per MINI scale.Conclusions: Thus, the findings of this study will contribute to the development of effective intervention programs to stop the spread of HIV, HBV, HCV, and psychiatric disorder among this population.
... Similarly, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan which constitute the golden crescent are located on the western borders of the nation. Thereby the incidence of substance abuse is on the rise especially in states like Punjab which is has close geographic contact with the above-mentioned western border [3]. Drug abuse has several implications on human health and society. ...
Introduction:
Drug abuse has been taking a great toll on the health and well-being of the community for the past few decades. Substance abuse can lead to several cutaneous manifestations as direct injuries by the offending drug or the practices of drug usage cause secondary damage to the skin. The early recognition of these signs is of utmost importance to prevent long-term complications.
Objectives:
To study the clinical-epidemiological profile of the skin diseases in Injecting Drug Users (IDU) attending an Oral Substitution Therapy (OST) Center in Northern India and to assess the psychological impact of skin conditions in IDUs attending OSTs.
Methods:
This cross-sectional observational study involved 100 IDUs enrolled from the OST center who were subjected to brief history taking and clinical and dermoscopic evaluation of skin lesions. Dermatological quality of life index (DLQI), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS), and WHO-quality of life (QoL) questionnaire were used to evaluate the impact of skin lesions on psycho-social health and QoL of IDUs.
Results:
Cutaneous lesions ranged from track marks to severe ulcerations and scarring. Mucosal lesions also took a toll on several patients. The patients had varying degrees of anxiety, depression, and mental stress.
Conclusions:
Injecting Drug Abusers are prone to acquire skin diseases due to injury caused by drugs as well as by drug practices adopted and the degree of neglect may worsen these conditions. These cutaneous lesions hamper QoL and cause psychosocial disturbances.
... Regarding reason to start drug abuse, peer pressure was responsible for 49.4% patient followed by curiosity 26.6%, but Gupta VK et al 5 This cross-sectional study carried on patients who could afford relatively costly treatment of the de-addiction hospital of Dhaka. Therefore, along with limited number of study population this study could not cover the subjects of all corners of society or country. ...
Introduction: Drug addiction is a social curse involving all classes of people for ages. Not only it increases individuals morbidity and mortality but also creates social unrest and reduces the national productivity frequent assessment surveys have provided insights into the pattern and required responses. Objectives: To assess the sociodemographic profile of drug addicts admitted in a prominent drugs deaddiction centre of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study carried out on 158 admitted patients in Thikana Psychiatric/ Drug de-addiction clinic, from October 2014 to September 2015. A predesigned questionnaire used in evaluating the patients by two or more sittings face-to-face interviews. Results: Amongst 158 patients, 94.30% were male and 62.0% were in the age group of 21-30 years with a mean age of 26.46 + 6.168 years. Majority (60.8%) patients were married and 48.7% had education up to higher secondary level, 29.1% were unemployed and 27.2% students. About 36.7% were spending between 101- 500 Taka/day and 65.8% arrange money for drugs by themselves. The reason behind starting drug abuse was mainly peer pressure (49.4%) followed by curiosity (26.6%). The mean age of starting drug was 19.42 + 7.68 years and 68.35% were addicted to the drug for the period between 1-5 years. Only 4.4% had positive family history of drug abuse. Regarding route of drug abuse, ingestion was most popular (55.1%) and only 8.9% participants were using injectable route. Amongst abused drugs, Amphetamine (Yaba) was most popular among the female (77.7%) and students (21.5%). Conclusion: Drug abuse cripples the individual, the family, the society and finally the nation. Since younger generations most affected by the drug abuse, it is prudent to evolve and apply preventive, curative and rehabilitative strategies before it is too late. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 113-115
Background: The Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a serine
protease (SP) and produced through the epithelial prostatic
cells (EPCs). The major function is to liquefy seminal coagulum
(LSC). The PSA is an extreme biomarker for the diagnosis
and screeningtool for the prostate cancer (PC) as the first
cancer biomarker approved by the FDA.
Material and methods: The quantity and serum isoforms of
male PSA has been measured and distinguishing between
suspicious, proven carcinoma, and benign inflammatory disease
(BID) of the prostate. PSA was produced through the prostate,
and this protein was expressed exclusively in Human subject.
Results: A total of (98%/ 150) we observed that PSA protein
expressed through the multiple non-prostatic tissues (MNPTs)
in human subject. PSA expression, proteinfunction ismore
likelyrelated to breast (95%),colon cancer (90% and prostate
cancer 98%) respectively.
Conclusion: The PSA capable and advanced in molecular
level study, with relevant clinical implications among human
subject strictly count as a possible biomarker for early detection,
diagnosis and prognosis and future research in different types
ofcancers as well.
Keywords: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), epithelial prostatic
cells (EPCs), breast, prostate
Background: The Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a serine
protease (SP) and produced through the epithelial prostatic
cells (EPCs). The major function is to liquefy seminal coagulum
(LSC). The PSA is an extreme biomarker for the diagnosis
and screeningtool for the prostate cancer (PC) as the first
cancer biomarker approved by the FDA.
Material and methods: The quantity and serum isoforms of
male PSA has been measured and distinguishing between
suspicious, proven carcinoma, and benign inflammatory disease
(BID) of the prostate. PSA was produced through the prostate,
and this protein was expressed exclusively in Human subject.
Results: A total of (98%/ 150) we observed that PSA protein
expressed through the multiple non-prostatic tissues (MNPTs)
in human subject. PSA expression, proteinfunction ismore
likelyrelated to breast (95%),colon cancer (90% and prostate
cancer 98%) respectively.
Conclusion: The PSA capable and advanced in molecular
level study, with relevant clinical implications among human
subject strictly count as a possible biomarker for early detection,
diagnosis and prognosis and future research in different types
ofcancers as well.
Keywords: Prostate-specific anti
