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Objective:
To evaluate the effects and safety of exercise training, and to determine the most effective exercise intervention for people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Exercise training was compared with no training, placebo or alternative exercise training. Primary outcomes were functioning and health-related quality of life. Secondary outcome...
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Context 1
... is summarized by outcome level of the RCT studies in the meta-analysis (Fig. 2), and by the study level for the non-randomized interventional studies (Fig. 3). All but one of the included studies (32) presented unclear or high ROB factors. Missing description of the allocation process (8,24,28,30,31,34) led to "some concern" regarding risk of bias. No intention-to-treat analysis (26) and no washout time (29) led ...
Citations
... Physical therapy should begin in early childhood and continue throughout life. The overarching goal of physical therapy is to help DMD patients preserve muscle strength and mobility [115,116]. Many of the physical therapy exercises utilized include passive stretching of major joints multiple times per week [54]. ...
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder involving progressive muscle deterioration leading to loss of mobility, cardiomyopathy, and respiratory complications leading to an early death by the fourth decade of life. Males are affected more often as DMD results from a mutation in the dystrophin gene residing on the X chromosome. The DMD genetic mutation results in a complete functional lack of dystrophin, which culminates as an inadequate connection between the intracellular actin filaments and the extracellular skeleton of muscle. Boys affected by DMD clinically present with muscle weakness before age five, are often wheelchair-bound by age 12, and rarely survive beyond the third decade of life. Traditional treatment strategies have focused primarily on quality-of-life improvement and have included the use of glucocorticoids and physical therapy. No cure currently exists, however many novel treatments for DMD are currently being explored. Some of these involve gene therapy, exon skipping, stop codon skipping, CRISPR technology interventions, and the use of a retinal dystrophin isoform. In this comprehensive review, we recapitulate the literature findings to summarize the history, epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and current and future strategies for the treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.
... Because DMD is an inherited disease caused by a dystrophin gene defect, exercise cannot effectively treat it. However, exercise can help to improve muscle plasticity and oxidative stress ability (Frinchi et al., 2021), preserve function, benefit muscular strength and endurance (Hammer et al., 2022), reduce muscle loss, delay muscle strength decline, or increase homologous protein utrophin expression. ...
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive fatal muscular disease. Gene therapy, cell therapy, and drug therapy are currently the most widely used treatments for DMD. However, many experiments on animals and humans suggested that appropriate exercise could improve the effectiveness of such precision medicine treatment, thereby improving patient’s muscle quality and function. Due to the striated muscle damage of DMD individuals, there are still many debates about whether DMD animals or patients can exercise, how to exercise, when to exercise best, and how to exercise effectively. The purpose of this review is to summarize and investigate the scientific basis and efficacy of exercise as an adjuvant therapy for DMD gene therapy, cell therapy and drug therapy, as well as to present the theoretical framework and optional strategies of “exercise + X″″ combination therapy.
