FIGURE 3 - uploaded by Ionut Chiruta
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| Reveals the Tree Map result. From the left to the right, the size of the boxes determines for frequency of the coding references and the contextual themes of the dataset. The main boxes are "roma" and "T ¸ ˘ and ˘ arei." Each are followed by smaller connector that define the theme associated by the media. Figure 3 was obtained with data (n 291) gathered by this study.
Source publication
This article investigates the narratives employed by the Romanian media in covering the development of COVID-19 in Roma communities in Romania. This paper aims to contribute to the academic literature on Romani studies, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, by adopting as its case study the town of Țăndărei, a small town in the south of Roman...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... analysis revealed that the media concentrated its coverage on the Roma and T ¸ ˘ and˘ arei. This fact is shown by the results of the frequency distribution of the TreeMap (Figure 3). The latter revealed 232 mentions of "Roma" with a weighted percentage of 2.47%, and 147 mentions for "T ¸ ˘ and˘ arei" with a weighted percentage of 1.57% in all 291 titles and subtitles, respectively. ...
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Background
Patients with mental disorders have an increased risk of developing somatic disorders, just as they have a higher risk of dying from them. These patients often report feeling devaluated and rejected by health professionals in the somatic health care system, and increasing evidence shows that disparities in health care provision contribut...
Citations
... Apesar dos motivos para celebração, este aniversário de 50 anos coincidiu com um momento crítico para o mundo, com a pandemia de COVID-19, que tem acentuado desigualdades e aumentado o preconceito e a discriminação com relação a diferentes grupos minoritários (Elias et al., 2021), como os ciganos (Magano & Mendes, 2021). Estes grupos que, frequentemente, são invisibilizados na sociedade, tornaram-se visíveis neste momento de crise a partir de narrativas que os construíram como culpados pela disseminação do novo coronavírus, narrativas estas difundidas também por meios de comunicação de diferentes países (e.g., Chiruta, 2021;Matache & Bhabha, 2020;Varennes, 2021). Os diversos tipos de mídia, contudo, também podem desempenhar uma importante função no questionamento dessas narrativas de cunho negativo e na difusão de outros significados mais positivos sobre estes grupos (IISMAS, 2014;Respect Words, 2017). ...
Os diferentes grupos étnicos conhecidos como ciganos têm sido historicamente discriminados em diferentes países do mundo. Datas comemorativas, como os dias nacionais e internacionais, são, além de celebrações, também oportunidades para informar a população sobre questões sociais diversas e contribuir para o combate ao preconceito em relação a diferentes grupos minoritários. A cobertura midiática destas efemérides pode contribuir para aumentar a visibilidade social destes grupos, sobretudo se realizada de forma a incluir as vozes destes indivíduos. Tendo em vista essas considerações, este estudo objetivou analisar como se configurou a cobertura sobre os dias nacional e internacional dos ciganos em jornais brasileiros e portugueses em diferentes anos, sem delimitação de espaço temporal. Para tanto, foram analisadas 56 peças jornalísticas, a partir da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD), com o auxílio do software Iramuteq e a partir da Análise de Conteúdo Temático-Categorial, por meio da identificação de (sub)categorias temáticas que organizam o conteúdo do material. Além disso, foram analisadas algumas variáveis de interesse, como data de publicação das matérias, atores sociais ouvidos como fontes, uso de imagens, dentre outras. Os resultados permitiram identificar conjuntos temáticos que sublinham o processo histórico de discriminação sofrido pelos ciganos, bem como a existência de diferentes estratégias já implementadas ou ainda por se construir para garantir a integração destes grupos. Ainda que os ciganos tenham sido convidados a falar nas matérias analisadas, os atores sociais mais ouvidos foram os representantes de órgãos relacionados ao governo. O estudo evidenciou a invisibilidade que tais marcos relativos aos ciganos ainda possuem em ambos os países, sobretudo no Brasil. A frequência e a forma como essas datas são noticiadas na mídia jornalística estão em constante transformação e podem auxiliar na defesa dos direitos de diferentes grupos minoritários, contribuindo para a construção de sociedades mais inclusivas.
... In those first months of the pandemic, mainstream media published sensationalist narratives and depictions of lawlessness and criminality (Chiruţă, 2021), and intensely publicised cases of alleged breaches of the lockdown and social distancing measures by Roma communities. ...
Following the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing lockdowns, heightened anti-Roma rhetoric became noticeable across much of Europe. This article focuses on the narrative according to which Roma communities represented a threat to public health and which will be analysed through the lens of the theoretical work on moral panics. The empirical data used in this paper was obtained in the framework of a project investigating the impact of the pandemic on Roma communities in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Ukraine, between March–June 2020. Using the literature on moral panics as a framework of interpretation, this article aims to shed light on the processes leading to high levels of social consensus as to the threat to public health posed by Roma communities in these countries. To do so, it outlines the narratives disseminated in mass media, as well as the subsequent narratives and policy responses employed by public authorities, showing how the latter legitimised the alarming reports publicised by the former, engendering a strong societal response which conformed with the framework of a moral panic.
... Representatives of the Romanian government urged and dissuaded citizens who lived or worked outside the country not to return to Romania (Paun, 2020); those who did return at the start of the pandemic were forced into institutionalized confinement by an executive order soon to be struck down as unconstitutional (Romanian Constitutional Court, 2020). At the same time, mainstream media amplified politicians' racist undertones to show the influx of ethnic Romani returning from Western Europe (Chiruta, 2021). We study two central outcome variables: higher level authoritarian attitudes and specific preferences for authoritarian COVID-19 policy measures to combat the spread of the virus. ...
The COVID‐19 pandemic led to widespread fear among the population. Early studies suggested that this resulted in exclusionary attitudes and increased support for discriminatory policy measures. We still lack an understanding of the longer‐term, potentially erosive consequences that COVID‐19 specific anxieties may carry for citizens' commitment to liberal democratic norms. In this research note, we present evidence from an original experiment in which we manipulate individuals' cognitive accessibility of their fears related to COVID‐19. We implemented this experiment in Hungary and Romania – two cases where illiberal attitudes are most likely to amplify under conditions of fear – a year and a half after the outbreak of the pandemic. The results show that our intervention is successful in elevating respondents' levels of worry, anxiety, and fear when thinking about infectious diseases like COVID‐19. However, these emotions do not carry secondary effects on individuals' levels of right‐wing authoritarianism, nationalism, or outgroup hostility, nor do they affect preferences for specific discriminatory policy measures aimed to fight a potential resurgence of COVID‐19. We discuss these findings in light of the literature on the demand‐side determinants of democratic backsliding and the consequences of emotions on political behaviour. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Public health measures instituted during the COVID-19 pandemic included both social distancing measures (including lockdowns), as well as personal hygiene measures (i.e., washing hands, wearing masks), with the purpose of preventing the spread of the virus. Using primary data obtained from stakeholder interviews, surveys, and desktop research from seven non-EU countries in Eastern Europe, this article shows how a new discursive fault line with hygiene as its core emerged across these countries in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, symbolically (and sometimes physically) separating the Roma from the non-Roma. Lockdowns reduced the ability of the Roma people to earn a living, due to the often-informal nature of their employment; as a result, many faced difficulties in covering basic living costs. These difficulties were compounded by poor living conditions, which limited the extent to which Roma people were able to follow social distancing rules and the measures regulating personal hygiene. All these factors were used to depict Roma communities as both lacking in personal hygiene and as wilfully non-compliant with public health rules. Public discourses emphasised the gap between the (self-perceived) clean and rule-observing non-Roma, and Roma communities, constructed as lacking in discipline and personal hygiene. These discourses, centred on hygiene, reinforced social boundaries and justified abuse and exclusion.
