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Results from logistic regression analysis (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI)) assessing the crude and adjusted association of the consumption of fruits (Model 1), cooked vegetables (Model 2), raw vegetables (Model 3), all (cooked and raw) vegetables (Model 4), and fruits and all vegetables (Model 5) on the likelihood of current asthma (defined as having wheezing or whistling in the chest in the past 12 months) on adolescents (n = 1934). * Crude OR ** adjusted for: adolescents' sex, body mass index, parental atopic history, parental smoking, pet ownership, having an older sibling, cooking with fuels, indoor exposure to dampness of mold.
Source publication
Background:
Evidence suggests that nutritional factors, such as consumption of fruits and vegetables, along with socioeconomic factors such as parental education level, are associated with asthma prevalence. Our study examined the role of parental education in the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and adolescent asthma.
Methods:...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... 2021, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 11 Figure 1. Results from logistic regression analysis (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI)) assessing the crude and adjusted association of the consumption of fruits (Model 1), cooked vegetables (Model 2), raw vegetables (Model 3), all (cooked and raw) vegetables (Model 4), and fruits and all vegetables (Model 5) on the likelihood of current asthma (defined as having wheezing or whistling in the chest in the past 12 months) on adolescents (n = 1934). ...
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Citations
... Karatas and colleagues reported that a higher maternal educational level was associated with an increased risk of FPIAP [53]. There is documentation of an association between lower parenteral education and socioeconomic status, with a poorer quality of diet and an increased risk of asthma, along with low adherence to asthma medication use being observed [54]. In our, study, once FPIAP was diagnosed, a higher maternal educational level was associated with earlier resolution of symptoms, as group A mothers more often had a higher level of education. ...
Background:
Dietary and environmental factors may influence tolerance acquisition in food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP). This retrospective observational study explored the role of maternal diet during pregnancy and breastfeeding in tolerance acquisition in infantile FPIAP.
Methods:
Breastfed infants with FPIAP from six diverse regions in Greece were divided into two groups, based on development of tolerance to the trigger food: Group A (n = 43), before, and Group B (n = 53), after, the 6th month of age. Maternal diet during pregnancy and breastfeeding was elicited using the Mediterranean Diet Score Questionnaire and the Mediterranean Oriented Culture Specific Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire.
Results:
Mean age at diagnosis of FPIAP (1.5 months) and weaning (5.5 months) were the same in both groups. The main trigger was cow's milk. Group A received infant milk formula earlier than Group B. Group B had a higher incidence of asthma/wheeze, siblings with milk allergy, maternal smoking and rural residence. On multivariate analysis, earlier resolution of FPIAP was associated with higher maternal education and with salt intake and consumption of goat/sheep cheese during pregnancy and olive oil during breastfeeding. Consumption of multivitamins during pregnancy and meat, winter fruits, green vegetables, butter, salt, "ready-to-eat" meals and pastries during breastfeeding were correlated with longer duration of symptoms.
Conclusions:
Mothers of children with FPIAP to cow's milk protein can be advised to eat more yogurt, cheese and olive oil during subsequent pregnancies, and avoid multivitamins, grilled food, "ready-to-eat" meals, pastries, meat and alcohol during breastfeeding, to reduce the duration of FPIAP presenting in future infants.
... Nsamba et al., who reported higher fat accumulation in Type 1 DM children than in their non-DM counterparts, while abdominal fat accumulation was associated with poorer glycemic control in these patients [2]. Moreover, Ahn et al. proposed that the use of Fetuin A-to-Adiponectin ratio could be useful in identifying diabetic obese children and adolescents with a higher probability of developing metabolic complications [3] Two articles from the Greek division of the Global Asthma Network presented important evidence about the protective association between a high consumption of fruits and vegetables with atopic diseases and the important role of socioeconomical status in this relationship [4,5]. Obesity also enhances inflammation, and the manuscript by Martin-Hadmas et al. reported an important positive correlation between weight status and interleukins 6 and 8 in healthy children aged 6 to 12 years [6]. ...
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial problem affecting children and adolescents around the world [...]
... A striking finding in our study was that approximately 25% of our FPIAP infants had parents with higher education compared with 60% of HC infants. In the Mediterranean area, parental tertiary education has been found associated with high consumption of fruits and vegetables, and low childhood asthma prevalence (62). ...
Background
The aim of the current investigation was to explore the association of food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) with the maternal diet during pregnancy and breastfeeding in Greek infants.
Methods
A multicenter retrospective case-control study was conducted in 6 regions in Greece, with 96 mothers of infants with and 141 mothers of infants without a history of FPIAP. Maternal dietary habits during pregnancy and breastfeeding were evaluated with the following validated questionnaires: (a) The Mediterranean Diet Score and (b) The Mediterranean Oriented Culture-Specific Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire.
Results
FPIAP was associated with cow's milk (83.6%), egg (7.3%), wheat (6.4%), and beef (6.4%) in the maternal diet. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet was similar among the mothers. Mothers of FPIAP infants consumed more vegetables. Elastic net prediction models showed that, in this Mediterranean population, increased consumption during pregnancy and lactation of common allergens, whole grain products, homemade food, fish and shellfish, and fruits was associated with a decreased risk of FPIAP. Conversely, a high intake of vegetables, sugar and total fat, and non-stick/grilled cooking, were associated with increased risk of FPIAP, as was a high intake of salt and white flour during lactation only.
Conclusions
Components of a maternal Mediterranean Diet may protect against FPIAP when traditional cooking methods are adopted and fish, fruit, and whole wheat products are consumed frequently during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
... Our study sample was powered enough to assess standardized two-sided differences of 10% on the prevalence of ever had asthma between adolescents with different types of exposure to IDM with 95% statistical power at a 5% level of significance. More information could be found elsewhere [12]. ...
Objective
Asthma is a major contributor to childhood morbidity. Several environmental and socioeconomic status (SES) factors have been implicated in its etiopathogeneses such as indoor moisture and parental education level. Our study examined the association between exposure to indoor dampness and/or mould (IDM) with adolescent asthma and how parental education could modify or mediate this relationship.
Method
A total of 1934 adolescents (boys: 47.5%, mean age (standard variation): 12.7(0.6) years) and their parents were voluntarily enrolled and completed a validated questionnaire on adolescents’ asthma status, parental educational level, and adolescents’ indoor exposure to IDM during three different lifetime periods, i.e., pregnancy, the first year of life and the current time.
Results
There was a significant modification effect of parental education only for the current exposure; higher parental education lowered almost 50% the odds of IDM and asthma (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.96, 95% Confidence Intervals (CI): (1.05–3.68) and aOR:1.55, 95% CI (1.04–2.32), for primary/secondary and tertiary parental education, respectively).
Conclusion
Adolescents whose parents had a higher education level had lesser odds to have asthma, even if they were exposed to a moisture home environment. This could be attributed to the increased knowledge about asthma risk factors and the improved measures for the amelioration of moisture-home environment that highly educated parents are more likely to take. Further research is needed in order to elucidate the interweaved role of family SES in the aforementioned relation.
... The GAN questionnaire included a validated 22-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) assessing the past 12-month consumption frequency of 22 food groups or food items [20]. More specifically, adolescents answered 22 questions related to the consumption frequency of 10 food groups, namely, meat, sea-food-including fish-, fruits, cooked vegetables (green and root), raw vegetables (green and raw), pulses (peas, beans, lentils), cereals, dairy (cheese and yoghurt), sugar (including lollies/candies/sweets), fast-food (excluding burgers), and fizzy or soft drinks and 12 food items (bread, pasta, rice, margarine, butter, olive oil, milk, eggs, nuts, potatoes, fast-food (burgers)), choosing one of the three following options: never or only occasionally, once or twice per week and most of all days for the past 12 months. ...
Introduction:
Diet and physical activity might be associated with the risk of allergic diseases in childhood. However, evidence in literature is sparse and diverse. We aim to examine the associations between four healthy dietary consumption pattern drinks, plus the adherence to a physically active lifestyle with atopic diseases (asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema) in adolescence and their relative importance.
Methods:
A total of 1934 adolescents (921 boys, 47.5%) and their parents completed a validated questionnaire assessing atopic diseases' symptoms prevalence in the past 12 months, as well as nutritional and physical activity information. Four healthy dietary and one physical active lifestyle patterns were identified and logistic regression was applied to assess their relation with allergic diseases.
Results:
A high weekly consumption of fruits, vegetables and pulses and low consumption of unhealthy foods was negatively associated with all atopic symptoms while adherence to a physical active lifestyle was inversely associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis symptoms and dairy products with asthma and eczema symptoms in the past 12 months after adjustment for several confounders (all p < 0.05). Fruits, vegetables and pulses consumption per week emerged as the most important lifestyle pattern negatively associated for all atopic diseases, after the adjustment for all the remaining lifestyle patterns and confounders (all p < 0.05) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a high fruit, vegetable and pulse intake should be the first lifestyle intervention every clinician and public health care worker evolving in the management of atopic adolescents should encourage and promote.
