Fig 5 - uploaded by Randi Rohde
Content may be subject to copyright.
Result of the cpDNA analysis, part 2. Bayesian posterior probabilities indicated above branches, maximum parsimony bootstrap support below. + below branches indicates no parsimony bootstrap support ≥ 50% but present in strict consensus tree, + to the right of the node indicates presence in the most likely ML tree. Roman numbers (III, IV) left of branches refer to clades mentioned in Results. Neotropical species of Cinnamomum transferred to Aiouea. Genus names abbreviated: Aiou. = Aiouea, Anib. = Aniba, Cinm. = Cinnamomum, Damb. = Damburneya, Endl. = Endlicheria, Lica. = Licaria, Moci. = Mocinnodaphne, Nect. = Nectandra, Ocot. = Ocotea. Abbreviation in quotes = species to be excluded from the genus.
Source publication
Cinnamomum is among the largest genera of the Lauraceae, including species from tropical to temperate Asia and from tropical to subtropical America. However, previous studies indicated that Cinnamomum might not be monophyletic in its current circumscription. We therefore re-investigated the genus and possible relatives with an increased taxon sampl...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... sect. Camphora and sect. Cinnamomum, respec- tively, at least in the result of the ITS dataset (Fig. 2). Our study does not allow us to decide if these clades form a monophyletic group or not, as they are placed in conflicting topologies result- ing from the analyses of the separate ITS and cpDNA datasets (Figs. 2, 4). The third clade (Figs. 3, 5) comprises not only the Neotropical species currently placed in Cinnamomum, but also most species of the likewise Neotropical genus Aiouea exam- ined here, including the type, A. guianensis. The taxonomic ...
Similar publications
The Lauraceae found in the FLONA of Carajás (Pará, Brazil) comprise 32 species belonging to 11 genera:
Aiouea (4), Aniba (4), Cassytha (1), Endlicheria (2), Kubitzkia (1), Licaria (2), Mezilaurus (2), Nectandra (5),
Ocotea (9), Paraia (1) and Rhodostemonodaphne (1). However, only Aiouea myristicoides, Aniba williamsii, Cassytha filiformis, Kubitzki...
The over time establishment of epiphyte communities on large old-growth trees has shown that epiphyte numbers tend to rise in relation to the size of their phorophytes. The objective of our study was to perform a floristic survey of vascular epiphytes on last large old-growth trees in a subtropical forest and to compare species richness between con...
Methanolic leaf extracts of four Lauraceae species endemic to Laurisilva forest (Apollonias barbujana, Laurus novocanariensis, Ocotea foetens and Persea indica) were investigated for the first time for their potential to inhibit key enzymes linked to type-2 diabetes (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, aldose reductase) and obesity (pancreatic lipase), and p...
Volumetric yield analysis is critical to optimizing performance in the timber industry. In the Amazon and in the Amapá state, this information is still little known and scarce, and therefore this study was developed to obtain and analyze the volumetric yield coefficient of ten commercial tree species and to test the variation by diameter class. We...
Citations
... In Brazil, there are ca. 32 species mainly distributed in the Atlantic Rain Forest and Cerrado domains (Rohde et al. 2017;Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024;POWO 2024). ...
... The current circumscription proposed by Rohde et al. (2017) includes trees or shrubs with alternate, triplinerved or penninerved leaves, with or without domatia in the axils of secondary and/or tertiary veins, thyrso-paniculate inflorescences, flowers with tepals that are erect at anthesis, with nine fertile stamens, occasionally six or three, four-locular or two-locular anthers, well-developed staminodes of the fourth androecial whorl, with a cordate to sagittate head, and cupules that are gradually merging with the swollen pedicel, with or without persistent tepals on the margin. ...
Aiouea is a genus of Lauraceae restricted to the New World with about 75 accepted species. In Brazil, there are about 32 species, 21 endemic to the country. Recent field work in southeastern Brazil, as well as a comprehensive study of herbarium collections, revealed a new species that we describe here as Aiouea myrmecophila. It is endemic to the Atlantic rainforest of Espírito Santo state and occurs between 800 and 1120 m along the Mantiqueira Mountain range. It is categorized as Endangered (EN) according to IUCN criteria. Its putative relationships with other species in the genus are discussed.
... 14 However, according to a recent study, practically all the neotropical Cinnamomum species phylogenetically differ from the Paleotropical taxa of the same genus, and they should be therefore renamed as Aiouea spp. 15 Due to the novelty of this taxon, A. montana is not present in the Catalog of Vascular Plants of Ecuador, where C. triplinerve is reported instead. According to the catalog, C. triplinerve is a native tree, growing in the coast, Andes, and Amazon regions of the country, between 0 and 2500 m above the sea level. ...
Fresh and dry leaves of Aiouea montana (Sw.) R. Rohde (Lauraceae) produced, in a quite high yield (0.88% and 1.60%, respectively), an unpleasantly smelling essential oil. The chemical composition was described in this study for the first time, detecting and quantifying 48 compounds. Major components of fresh and dry leaf essential oils were α-pinene (6.7–10.3%), β-pinene (2.8–3.8%), α-phellandrene (12.6–14.5%), α-copaene (3.1–15.7%), δ-cadinene (0.9–3.3%), and S-methyl-O-2-phenylethyl carbonothioate (58.5–33.3%). The dominant compound was already known in the literature by synthesis; however, it was unprecedented so far in nature. The carbonothioate was identified after purification and structure elucidation, by means of mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, and FTIR spectrophotometry. The spectral results were identical to all data reported in the literature for the same molecule. Furthermore, the enantioselective analysis of the essential oil was conducted on a β-cyclodextrin-based stationary phase. Two chiral constituents, (+)-β-phellandrene and (1R,2S,6S,7S,8S)-(−)-α-copaene, were enantiomerically pure, whereas α-thujene, camphene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, limonene, linalool, and germacrene D were scalemic mixtures. The different chemical and enantiomeric compositions suggested that enzymatic transformations could occur while drying.
... The taxonomy of Lauraceae has been mainly based on androecium composition (Rohwer 1993). However, in recent phylogenies, several traditional groups have emerged as paraphyletic or polyphyletic (e.g., Chanderbali et al. 2001;Rohwer & Rudolph 2005;Alves & Souza 2013;Trofimov et al. 2016;Rohde et al. 2017;Trofimov & Rohwer 2020;Penagos-Zuluaga et al. 2021). Therefore, new attributes need to be identified that could serve to delimit groups and help to understand the evolution of the family (Nishida & van der Werff 2007, 2011Trofimov et al. 2016;Zeng et al. 2017). ...
Ocotea velloziana (Lauraceae) is a species with cryptic dioecy. The staminate flowers of this species have a pistillode and pistillate flowers have staminodes, which often makes it difficult to describe circumscribe the reproductive system correctly. Therefore, to understand the evolution of dioecy in this species, the morphology of both floral morphotypes needs to be described. We apply traditional and modern approaches to describe the comparative floral anatomy of the two floral morphotypes in O. velloziana. We found that the pistillate flowers have fewer (three) vascular traces in the tepals (compared to five traces in the tepals of the staminate flowers). The pistillode and the staminodes in the flowers of O. velloziana are smaller and less vascularized than their homologous, fertile counterparts, the pistils and stamens. In addition, even though the nectaries are smaller in pistillate flowers, their basic morphology and vascularization are similar in the two floral morphotypes. Our results suggest androtepaly in O. velloziana, however future ontogenetic studies and investigation of the vascularization are necessary in other Lauraceae species to clarify this issue. The nectaries have originated from the hypanthium and may be characterized as nectar-secreting emergencies not homologous to the stamens.
... Distribution and habitat:-The species is found in both dry and humid forests of the Cauca River Canyon in the department of Antioquia Colombia, at elevations between 250 and 670 m (Fig. 4) Rohde (2017Rohde ( : 1102, Brosimum alicastrum Swartz (1788: 12), Styphnolobium sporadicum M. Sousa & Rudd (1993: 279), among others. ...
Lonchocarpus verticillatus (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Millettieae) is described and illustrated from the seasonally dry forests of the Cauca River valley in Antioquia department, northwestern Colombia. This species is clearly distinguished from other species of the genus by its notably whorled arrangement of leaves, up to 17 leaflets, mesophyll and calyx with glandular dots, and lax inflorescences up to 31 cm long. It is a tree reaching up to 25 m in height, inhabiting forest remnants. Isolated trees can be found in pastures dedicated to livestock. It has been recorded at elevations ranging from 250 to 670 m. Due to habitat fragmentation, the increasing development of infrastructure in its occurrence area, and the limited number of records, a preliminary recommendation is to categorize it as ‘Endangered’ (EN) according to the IUCN criteria.
... Additionally, van der Werff and Richter [3] emphasized the importance of introrse or extrorse anthers of the third-whorl stamens of hermaphroditic laurel flowers in the taxonomy of Lauraceae at the generic level. Rohde et al. [43] stated that the third-whorl stamens are extrorse in some hermaphroditic flowers of Lauraceae, and the formation of this structure is caused by inner stamens that are upright and closed to the style at the male flowering stage, so there is no space allowing them to fold inward. Chung et al. [33] observed that the anthers of the first and second stamen whorl of S. randaiense are introrse, while the third whorl is apparently extrorse or latrorse (in the male phase, those of the third whorl are extrorse). ...
... Additionally, Liao [46] suggested that these bracts formed involucres, but Chung et al. [33] thought that this view was distorted. Rohde et al. [43] also agreed that the involucre of Sassafras was different from that of species within the tribe Laureae, and suggested that most species of the tribe Laureae have pseudo-umbel axillary inflorescences surrounded by alternating bracts, and that the bracts remained after flowering, while in S. albidum, the bracts or transitional leaves subtending the inflorescences are persistent at anthesis [32]. Furthermore, Sassafras produced racemes from spirally arranged bud scales and axils of transitional leaves in early spring germination. ...
... Compared with gene fragment data, the whole chloroplast genome contained more abundant and valuable genetic information on plants [14,43]. Song et al. [14] constructed a molecular phylogenetic tree based on the chloroplast genome of 44 Magnoliids (including 15 new Lauraceae species and 19 published Lauraceae data); within this tree, Laureae and Cinnamomeae were completely separated (ML-BS = 100%), and Sassafras was strongly predicated to be clustered with Cinnamomeae (ML-BS = 100%). ...
The Lauraceae is a family of the order Laurales, with 2500–3000 species comprising 50 genera, mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests. Up to two decades ago, the systematic classification of the Lauraceae was based on floral morphology, but molecular phylogenetic approaches have made tremendous advances in elucidating tribe- and genus-level relationships within the family in recent decades. Our review focused on the phylogeny and systematics of Sassafras, a genus of three species with highly disjunct distributions in eastern North America and East Asia, whose tribe affiliation within the Lauraceae has long been controversial. By synthesizing information on the floral biology and molecular phylogeny of Sassafras, this review aimed to explore the position of Sassafras within the Lauraceae, and to provide suggestions and implications for future phylogenetic studies. Our synthesis highlighted Sassafras as a transitional type between Cinnamomeae and Laureae with a closer genetic relationship with Cinnamomeae, as revealed by molecular phylogenetic evidence, while it shares many similar characteristics with Laureae in morphology. We therefore discovered that several molecular and morphological methods should be concurrently considered to illuminate the phylogeny and systematics of Sassafras in Lauraceae.
... Recent plastome phylogeny has provided high resolution for nine major clades in the family including Hypodaphnideae, Cryptocaryeae, Cassytheae, Neocinnamomeae, Caryodaphnopsideae, the Mesilaurus clade, Perseae, Cinnamomeae, and Laureae [5,6]. However, many generic complexes exist within these clades, e.g. the Beilschmiedia group in the Cryptocaryeae [7], the Alseodaphne group in the Perseae [8][9][10], the Cinnamomum group in the Cinnamomeae [4,11], and the Litsea group and the Ocotea group in the Laureae [12][13][14][15], how to identify the generic clades and classify them in combination with morphological characters remain problematic. Recent taxonomic studies have proposed new classifications of some of the above-mentioned generic complexes based on phylogenetic studies [4,9,11,14,15]. ...
... However, many generic complexes exist within these clades, e.g. the Beilschmiedia group in the Cryptocaryeae [7], the Alseodaphne group in the Perseae [8][9][10], the Cinnamomum group in the Cinnamomeae [4,11], and the Litsea group and the Ocotea group in the Laureae [12][13][14][15], how to identify the generic clades and classify them in combination with morphological characters remain problematic. Recent taxonomic studies have proposed new classifications of some of the above-mentioned generic complexes based on phylogenetic studies [4,9,11,14,15]. Taxonomic problems remain due to inadequate species sampling. One way to resolve these taxonomic problems is to include species in new phylogenetic trees and re-consider their taxonomy within a phylogenetic context. ...
... This result was confirmed and corroborated by Huang et al. [20] with a better species sampling strategy. Rhode et al. [11] excluded the American species from Cinnamomum and transferred them to Aiouea Aubl.. Zeng et al. [21] found that the upper leaf epidermal cells of Cinnamomum include two types: leaf epidermal cells regular and periclinal walls non-reticulate (sect. Camphora), leaf epidermal cells irregular and periclinal walls reticulate (sect. ...
Taxonomy of the genus Cinnamomum Schaeff. (Lauraceae) is difficult because of parallel evolution of morphology. Recent phylogenomic and taxonomic studies have clarified the problem and subdivided the Asian Cinnamomum into two genera, i.e., Camphora Fabr. and Cinnamomum sensu stricto. Here we sequenced and characterized the plastome of a recently described species Cinnamomum guizhouense C.Y. Deng, Zhi Yang et Y. Yang, performed a phylogenomic analysis, and also conducted a comparative analysis. The plastome of Cinnamomum guizhouense is 152,739 bp long and quadri-parted with a pair of inverted repeat regions (IR: 20,132 bp) divided by a small single copy region (SSC: 18,852 bp) and a large single copy region (LSC: 93,623 bp). The plastome possesses a total of 128 genes including 82 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes, which is similar to most published plastomes of the core Lauraceae group. The plastome of Cinnamomum guizhouense displays higher similarity to Camphora than Cinnamomum. Our phylogenomic result suggests that Cinnamomum guizhouense belongs to the Camphora clade. As a result, we propose a new combination, i.e. Camphora guizhouensis (C.Y. Deng, Zhi Yang et Y. Yang) Zhi Yang et Y.Yang, comb. nov.
... The double-margined cupule in L. ramiroi suggests a morphological connection to species in genera such as Aiouea Aubl., Damburneya Raf. and Mespilodaphne Nees & Mart., especially with those with bisporangiate anthers. However, the species of these genera present other characteristics that are not recorded in L. ramiroi, such as the fact that, in Aiouea, there are staminodes in the fourth androecial whorl that show a large glandular head, generally chordate to sagittate (Rohde et al. 2017); in Damburneya, the tepals are adaxially pubescent at the base and generally papillose towards the tips (Trofimov et al. 2016) and both genera have nine fertile stamens, occasionally six or three in Aiouea. Mespilodaphne, on the other hand, is a recently reinstated genus, it presents flowers with spreading tepals, tongue-shaped stamens, heavily papillose and tetrasporangiate (Trofimov et al. 2019). ...
Licaria ramiroi , a species endemic to western Mexico, is described and illustrated. The ascription of the new species to Licaria is analysed. It is classified in the subgen. Licaria and is most closely related to L. triandra and L. siphonantha from which it differs by its glabrous vegetative and floral structures, stamens mainly with free anthers and the inner wall of the receptacle sericeous. According to the IUCN criteria, the species is classified as critically endangered.
... Molecular phylogenies have suggested that evolutionary changes in the number of anther cells have occurred multiple times in Lauraceae (Penagos Zuluaga et al., 2021) and support those who have questioned the generic value of two-or four-locellate anthers (e.g. van der Werff, 1984;Burger, 1988;Rohwer et al., 1991;Chanderbali, 2004;Rohde et al., 2017). ...
... By contrast, specimens with hermaphrodite flowers key out to Beilschmiedia Nees, whose Neotropical species have leaves that can be opposite and with a coarse venation pattern or alternate with a fine venation pattern; staminodes in the fourth whorl that are conspicuous and cordate to triangular in outline; receptacles that are invariably shallow; and fruits lacking cupules and that are freely inserted on their pedicel (Nishida, 1999;Nishida & Christophel, 1999). Moreover, it also keys out to the newly circumscribed Aiouea Aubl., which now encompasses 2-celled and 4-celled anther species (Rohde et al., 2017). These authors have shown that the Neotropical 'Cinnamomum' species form an evolutionary lineage with South American Aiouea rather than with the Paleotropical Cinnamomum species. ...
a species of Lauraceae that is new to science and from the Atlantic rain forest of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, is described and illustrated. The newly described species does not fit in any of the traditionally circumscribed disporangiate Lauraceae genera; rather, we show that it is phylogenetically placed within the Ocotea minarum group, as revealed by nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid psbA-trnH sequence data.
... been controversial (van der Werff, 2001), e.g. Beilschmiedia group Yang et al., 2012), Persea group (Li et al., 2011;Mo et al., 2017), Ocotea group (Penagos Zuluaga et al., 2021;Trofimov et al., 2019Trofimov et al., , 2022, and Cinnamomum group (Gang et al., 2021;Huang et al., 2016;Rohde et al., 2017). The genus Cinnamomum Schaeff. ...
... The genus Cinnamomum was formerly considered to contain 350 species that are amphi-Pacific (Lorea-Hernández, 1996;Rohwer, 1993;van der Werff, 2001). Recent phylogenetic and taxonomic studies have transferred the American species to Aiouea (Rohde et al., 2017), so the remaining Old World Cinnnamomum now contains 247 species (https://powo.scien ce.kew.org/taxon/ ...
... Trofimov and Huang et al. (2016) suggested that sect. Cinnamomum is sister to the Neotropical clade, whereas Rohde et al. (2017) indicated that sect. Camphora is sister to the Neotropical clade. ...
Taxonomy of Cinnamomum Schaeff. of Lauraceae remains problematic because recent phylogenetic studies have suggested that this genus is not monophyletic. In this study, we assembled three sequence matrices including plastomes (datamatrix I), nrITS sequences alone (datamatrix II), and nrITS plus plastid psbA‐trnH sequences (datamatrix III) of the Cinnamomum‐Ocotea complex of Lauraceae and conducted a new phylogenetic study with thusfar the most extensive species sampling of the Cinnamomum‐Ocotea group. We determined that the Old World Cinnamomum is diphyletic: sect. Camphora Meisn. is sister to Sassafras J.Presl and sect. Cinnamomum is sister to the African Kuloa Trofimov & Rohwer. A recent study indicated that characters of leaf micromorphological anatomy can define the two clades: one possessing reticulate periclinal and the other having non‐reticulate periclinal walls. As result, we divided the genus Cinnamomum of Lauraceae into two genera, i.e., Cinnamomum and Camphora Fabr. The generic name Cinnamomum is retained for those species mainly having reticulate periclinal epidermal cell walls, inconspicuous non‐perulate terminal buds and usually tripliveined leaves; the oldest generic name, Camphora, is applied to the second group which contains those species mainly possessing non‐reticulate periclinal epidermal cell walls, prominent perulate terminal buds and pinnately‐veined leaves. A census of the species and their type specimens listed under Cinnamomum in Asia resulted in the transfer of 18 species to Camphora, including 15 new combinations. Cinnamomum is diphyletic according to a new phylogeny using nrITS and psbA‐trnH sequences. As a result, we classify the genus Cinnamomum into two genera, i.e., Camphora and Cinnamomum.
... 350 species and to have a pan-Pacific distribution (Rohwer 1993;Lorea-Hernández 1996;van der Werff 2001). Recent phylogenetic and taxonomic studies have transferred the Neotropical species of Cinnamomum to other genera so that Cinnamomum is now treated as being restricted to Tropical/Subtropical Asia and Oceania (Huang et al. 2016;Rohde et al. 2017;Zeng et al. 2021). Two sections have been recognized in Cinnamomum, sect. ...
Field investigations in Guizhou, China, in 2020 resulted in the discovery of an unknown species of Lauraceae. Morphological studies revealed that it is a new species of Cinnamomum Schaeff. sect. Camphora Meisn., based on the large terminal buds, and alternate leaves with pinnate veins. It is distinguished from other species of sect. Camphora by the rather large perulate terminal buds with numerous bracts, larger flowers, oblong-elliptic linear tepals twice as long as the stamens, and the deep cup-shaped fruiting cupule. It is here described and illustrated as a new species, Cinnamomum guizhouense C.Y.Deng, Zhi Yang et Y.Yang. A key to distinguish it from related species in the same area is provided. In addition, we list the new species as Critically Endangered (CR), and suggest to conduct ex situ conservation, collect seeds and plant the species in botanic gardens.