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Representation of the study area depicting the three districts of Uttar Pradesh on the Map. The numbers represent the survey sites which are the blocks (district subdivision) from where farmers of different villages were interviewed. The land use/land cover shows the distinction of each district. Source of map: Author's preparation. Source of land use/land cover data -ESRI (2022).

Representation of the study area depicting the three districts of Uttar Pradesh on the Map. The numbers represent the survey sites which are the blocks (district subdivision) from where farmers of different villages were interviewed. The land use/land cover shows the distinction of each district. Source of map: Author's preparation. Source of land use/land cover data -ESRI (2022).

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Article
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Effective adaptation is crucial for building climate resilience in agriculture. This study attempted to understand the perception of farmers about changing climate and its impact on agriculture, its consistency with observed trends. It further assessed the major adaptation strategies opted-in by the farmers along with the identification of the moti...

Contexts in source publication

Context 1
... districts were Varanasi, Chandauli, and Mirzapur. All the districts have distinct farming practices and cropping patterns as well as topography. Varanasi falls in Eastern Plain Zone, and Chandauli and Mirzapur fall in the Vindhyan zone (Fig. ...
Context 2
... in general there is a rise in production of the crops in 2009-18 despite area reduction. This is because the use of high yielding varieties that compensated the reduction in area and increased the production (Supplementary Fig. S1). Very few farmers have opted for conservation agriculture, water harvesting, and even crop insurance. ...

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Citations

... The topography of Vindhayan highlands is undulating with high rock content in dry conditions which hamper the favorable soil depth by creating sandy soil with low soil moisture and nutrient content. Thus, to obtain high production, cropping system is diversified in the form of mixed cropping, double cropping, crop rotation and cultivation of low water required short duration millets and pulse crop (Dubey et al. 2020;Patel et al. 2023). Alteration in sowing date of crop as per monsoon's onset is an autonomous adaptation technique generally performed in rainfed agriculture (Tripathi and Mishra 2017;. ...
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The Indian agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate change which adversely affects crop production and livelihood of farmers. The effect is more intensified in Vindhyan highlands, where prolong drought and high rate of poverty exist in depredation environment. In this context, present study conducted to explore farmers’ perception, attitude about climate change and adaptive capabilities. We undertook an interview schedules survey through structured questionnaire in Duddhi block of Sonbhadra district. A total of 400 households were selected in which 347 (86.75%) male and 53 (13.25%) female respondents have participated. The perception of farmers on climate change is presented in SI (severity index) which varies from 36% to 68.63%. The statement ‘rainy season decreases’ ranked first with SI (68.63%) followed by ‘temperature increases’ SI (66.06%). This investigation identified 17 types of adaptive practices which are frequently performed in the Vindhyan highlands. Based on the WAI (Weighted Average Index) score, crop diversification (2.0), cultivation of drought-adapted crop varieties (1.99), changing plantation calendar (1.95) were the most adopted practices. Multiple regression analysis between the socio-economic status of farmers and the adaptation practices, recorded a significant positive relationship with age (P < 0.01), family size (P < 0.05), education (P < 0.01), caste categories (P < 0.05) and livestock ownership (P < 0.01) of farmer. This study will be helpful in developing drought resilience farming practices for sustaining the livelihood of farmers and inform policy making.