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Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is a very important crop in Portugal, where the viticultural sector plays a central role in the national economy. The present study provides a review of most relevant research on grapevine modelling, giving particular emphasis to its past and future applicability to Portuguese conditions. A brief overview of the nation...
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Context 1
... models integrate crop phenotype, soil profiles, weather data and management options in their simulations. Site- specific parameters for climate, soil, plants and crop management, among others, are defined as input in model runs ( Figure 5). Weather data, such as maximum and minimum near-surface temperatures, rainfall and incoming solar radiation are updated on a daily basis, while other parameters are generally kept invariant throughout the model run (e.g. ...
Context 2
... runs on a daily time-step and variables related to climate, soil and crop system are used as input (Brisson et al., 2003). It simulates the whole processes of crop growth and development, also including water and nitrogen balances ( Figure 5). As output, it provides variables related to yield and development parameters. ...
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In a climate-change context, the advancement of phenological stages may endanger viticultural areas in the event of a late frost. This study evaluated the potential of satellite-based remote sensing to assess the damage and the recovery time after a late frost event in 2017 in northern Italian vineyards. Several vegetation indices (VIs) normalized...
Phenology is an indicator of plant response to the environment. In viticulture growth stages timing is important for site and cultivar selection, vineyard planning and cultural practices management. In the last years, autochthonous cultivars obtained an increased interest and, therefore, in this work we studied the phenological performances of Hung...
The objective of this work was to characterize the phenology and the viticultural performance of advanced selections of grapevines resistant to fungal diseases obtained by the Julius Kühn Institute, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof. The experiment was conducted in three different grape-growing regions of Santa Catarina State, Brazil,...
Delaying grapevine budbreak through viticultural management practices is a promising method to prevent spring freeze damage for small vineyards. However, in cool-climate regions, delaying budbreak can potentially delay fruit development and maturation, negatively impacting wine quality. In this three-year study, 2017–2019, we evaluated the impacts...
The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) obtained by remote sensing is widely used to monitor annual crops but few studies have investigated its use in perennial fruit crops. The aim of this study was to determine the temporal NDVI profile during grapevine cycle in vineyards established in horizontal training systems. NDVI data were obtain...
Citations
... Overall, climate change can result in the alteration of traditional wine styles and high risk for established typical varieties (Droulia and Charalampopoulos 2021). Potential effects of future climate conditions can be studied using crop models that allow predicting the impact of changing temperatures on grapes to help the continued production of high-quality wines (Costa et al. 2015;Droulia and Charalampopoulos 2021). Rodrigues et al. (2022) for example assessed the impact of climate change on the phenological stages and ripening dates of the Portuguese grapevine cv. ...
Key message
The integration of genetic values in ecophysiological models for phenological stages allows us to predict the effect of loci in future conditions.
Abstract
Modern grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) breeding programs aim to create new varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses, simultaneously. Developmental stages may affect many physiological processes in grapevine, especially berry composition. The shifts of phenological stages observed in the context of climate change challenge the selection of new varieties. In this paper, we evaluate how genotypes derived from a breeding program aimed at developing disease-resistant varieties may adapt to future climatic conditions. Specifically, we examine the genetic variability of three key phenological periods (February 15 to budbreak, budbreak to flowering, and flowering to véraison) using an ecophysiological model based on thermal requirements. Using high-density genetic information, we identified more than 18 quantitative trait loci for three phenological periods. By combining relevant allelic effects, we virtually constructed both an early and late composite genotype and evaluated their potential adaptation to future climatic conditions, using the greenhouse gas IPCC emissions scenario RCP 8.5 and simulated meteorological data at a local scale. While the early composite genotype may not outperform V. vinifera cv. Chardonnay under these projected conditions, the late composite genotype appears to remain suitably adapted through at least 2060. Our approach enables the prediction of allele-specific advantages on phenological stages across a range of future climate scenarios.
... Overall, climate change can result in the alteration of traditional wine styles and high risk for established typical varieties (Droulia and Charalampopoulos 2021). Potential effects of future climate conditions can be studied using crop models that allow predicting the impact of changing temperatures on grapes to help the continued production of high-quality wines (Costa et al. 2015;Droulia and Charalampopoulos 2021). Rodrigues et al. (2022) for example assessed the impact of climate change on the phenological stages and ripening dates of the Portuguese grapevine cv. ...
A major aim in modern grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) breeding programs is the introgression of disease resistance genes along with desired cultural and oenological traits. Understanding the genetic links between resistance genes and agro-oenological traits is a crucial issue for grapevine breeders.
We studied the genetic determinism of a wide range of agro-oenological traits in a complex interspecific hybrid population and identified two cases of colocalizations with disease resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL).
The species of origin of chromosomal regions in the off-springs were determined thanks to in silico chromosome painting. The linkage drag around resistance genes from primary gene pool was assessed as low due to a good recombination rate with V. vinifera.
We established that wild Vitis species are, apart from their interest in disease resistance, essential resources for improving the cultural characteristics of grapevine.
... Several authors have used indices and relationships to model and simulate the influence of current and future atmospheric conditions on viticulture [6,9,10]. However, only a handful of models integrate these tools to evaluate the influence of changing weather conditions and management strategies on viticulture productivity and quality [11,12]. Agriculture and viticulture strategies to face climate change [13][14][15] rely mostly on adaptation strategies to reduce the negative impacts of increasing climate variability and global warming, or to take advantage of their possible positive effects on land and farming practices (e.g., land allocation, farming system, multiple cropping systems, sowing dates, fertilization, irrigation, drainage) and crop varieties (e.g., changes in crop species, cultivars), among other things [8,[16][17][18]. ...
Climate change threatens established agricultural systems and production, driving the need for adaptation and mitigation strategies. Vitiforestry, an alternative cultivation system combining trees and shrubs in the vineyard, promotes environmental sustainability and offers a possible adaptation strategy to climate change. This work scrutinizes the impact of shading on vineyards using an Integrated Model of Vineyard Shading and Climate Adaptation (IMVSCA), supported by a system dynamics approach. This model estimates solar radiation and computes daily and annual trends of insolation, air temperature, and relative humidity to shading and its influence on vineyard growth stages. It also assesses the effects of shading-related extreme weather events and the occurrence of grapevine disease development driven by daily weather conditions and zoning adaptations. The pilot results depict the effects of tree shading on vineyards, namely the impacts of solar radiation and air temperature on vine phenology, pollination, pollen germination, fungal diseases, and the complimentary indicators of grape production and quality. Our modeling framework and findings suggest that vitiforestry could be an interesting climate change adaptation technique, providing a starting point for further studies in this scope.
... The modeling approach is also applied for real-time monitoring of vineyards, making short-range seasonal phenology predictions, or generating long-term projections for the viticulture industry (Cola et al. 2014;Costa et al. 2015). Such forecasting of grapevine developmental stages allows for a more precise preparation of vineyard activities. ...
Phenological shifts are one of the most visible signs of climatic variability and change in the biosphere. However, modeling plant phenological responses has always been a key challenge due to climatic variability and plant adaptation. Grapevine is a phenologically sensitive crop and, thus, its developmental stages are affected by the increase in temperature. The goal of this study was to develop a temperature-based grapevine phenology model (GPM) for predicting key developmental stages for different table grape cultivars for a non-traditional viticulture zone in south Asia. Experiments were conducted in two vineyards at two locations (Chakwal and Islamabad) in the Pothawar region of Pakistan during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons for four cultivars including Perlette, King’s Ruby, Sugraone and NARC Black. Detailed phenological observations were obtained starting in January until harvest of the grapes. The Mitscherlich monomolecular equation was used to develop the phenology model for table grapes. There was a strong non-linear correlation between the Eichhorn and Lorenz phenological (ELP) scale and growing degree days (GDD) for all cultivars with coefficient of determinations (R2) ranging from 0.90 to 0.94. The results for model development indicated that GPM was able to predict phenological stages with high skill scores, i.e., a root mean square (RMSE) of 2.14 to 2.78 and mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.86 to 2.26 days. The prediction variability of the model for the onset timings of phenological stages was up to 3 days. The results also reveal that the phenology model based on GDD approach provides an efficient planning tool for viticulture industry in different grape growing regions. The proposed methodology, being a simpler one, can be easily applied to other regions and cultivars as a predictor for grapevine phenology.
... Some of the papers in this cluster focus on the review of diferent phenology models, which can be used to simulate grapevine development under present conditions and future scenarios [101]. In particular, dynamic crop models not only simulate plant growth, but they are also able to integrate soil profles, climate data, and management practices in their simulations; thus, they appear to be extremely helpful for both real-time monitoring and for long-term climate change projections [102]. ...
Climatic conditions play a major role in wine production. Given the increasing impacts and risks posed by climate change, it is important to understand the effects it will have on the wine sector and different wine-producing regions worldwide. This study provides an in-depth examination of the scientific discourse on wine and climate change from 2000 to 2022 by conducting a bibliometric analysis of the literature published on the Web of Science database, which included 1,314 publications. The use of quantitative and qualitative methods allows us to investigate how research has evolved over the years. Our analysis uncovers the most productive countries, institutions, and journals leading the research in this domain, while emphasising the multifaceted approach to studying wine and climate change. Nevertheless, numerous research areas are yet to be adequately explored. Through co-citation analysis and bibliographic coupling, we identify dominant thematic clusters in previous and current scientific literature and reveal emerging research trajectories in this field. The main thematic clusters found include the assessment of climate change effects on viticultural regions worldwide, climate change’s impact on grape composition, and the impact on grape phenology. Our results can be useful not only to understand the main themes studied until now but also to orientate researchers towards less explored aspects and disciplines in scientific research.
... Differences on vineyards A and B values can be justified by the planting style (Section 2.1) (Costa et al., 2015;Magalhães, 2008). In vineyard B, plants can reach a height of almost 3 m. ...
Vineyard classification is an important process within viticulture-related decision-support systems. Indeed, it improves grapevine vegetation detection, enabling both the assessment of vineyard vegetative properties and the optimization of in-field management tasks. Aerial data acquired by sensors coupled to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) may be used to achieve it. Flight campaigns were conducted to acquire both RGB and multispectral data from three vineyards located in Portugal and in Italy. Red, green, blue and near infrared orthorectified mosaics resulted from the photogrammetric processing of the acquired data. They were then used to calculate RGB and multispectral vegetation indices, as well as a crop surface model (CSM). Three different supervised machine learning (ML) approaches—support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN)—were trained to classify elements present within each vineyard into one of four classes: grapevine, shadow, soil and other vegetation. The trained models were then used to classify vineyards objects, generated from an object-based image analysis (OBIA) approach, into the four classes. Classification outcomes were compared with an automatic point-cloud classification approach and threshold-based approaches. Results shown that ANN provided a better overall classification performance, regardless of the type of features used. Features based on RGB data showed better performance than the ones based only on multispectral data. However, a higher performance was achieved when using features from both sensors. The methods presented in this study that resort to data acquired from different sensors are suitable to be used in the vineyard classification process. Furthermore, they also may be applied in other land use classification scenarios.
... We hypothesized that the coupling of existing models could represent the system described by the stakeholders. So we examined a collection of existing models recently reviewed in Costa et al. (2015) and Moriondo et al. (2011) and made a selection according to the conceptual scheme and the availability of data. ...
The diversity of both pedoclimatic and socio-economic contexts in agricultural landscapes makes evaluating the impacts of climate change a challenge. Models are pertinent tools to quantitatively explore possible futures, and participatory approaches help account for local diversity. We developed a model through an approach that involves stakeholders in the model's construction and testing and in the discussion of results. We simulated spatially explicit impacts of climate change on water balance, grape phenology, and yield in a Mediterranean vineyard watershed for two climate scenarios. Results show a decrease in grape production of 7–14% by 2100. Yield decrease would be higher in irrigated high-yield areas despite a doubling of irrigation water supply. A forecasted 6 °C increase in temperature during berry ripening would threaten wine quality. The approach allows the communication of model results and limitations to stakeholders. It is a promising means of identifying potential local adaptations to climate change.
... We hypothesized that the coupling of existing models could represent Chapitre 4. Combiner approche participative et modélisation pour évaluer les impacts du changement climatique the system described by the stakeholders. So we examined a collection of existing models recently reviewed in Costa et al. (2015) and Moriondo et al. (2015) and made a selection according to the conceptual scheme and the availability of data. ...
... It is likely that such variability exists among the current grapevine varieties , but it is difficult to infer stable parameter values from the available databases (Levin et al., 2020b). Despite these two simplifications, the WaLIS-GraY model was able to simulate grapevine yield with quality indicators similar to those in existing grapevine models found in the literature, such as UNIFI.GrapeML (Leolini et al., 2018) and STICS (Fraga et al., 2015). ...
La viticulture méditerranéenne est un emblème culturel et économique particulièrement menacé par le changement climatique : avancée du cycle phénologique, baisse des rendements et de la qualité de la récolte. Pour limiter ces impacts négatifs, il est essentiel de mobiliser dès maintenant plusieurs leviers d’adaptation comme les cépages tolérants à la sécheresse, l’ombrage, l’irrigation, etc. Cependant, les communautés scientifique et professionnelle peinent à fournir des préconisations claires sur les stratégies à mettre en oeuvre pour articuler ces leviers à une échelle locale. Cette thèse vise à explorer l’hypothèse selon laquelle la combinaison de leviers techniques, ainsi que leur distribution dans le paysage, donnent des marges de manoeuvre pour adapter la viticulture au changement climatique. Elle contribue à construire et évaluer quantitativement des stratégies d’adaptation qui combinent plusieurs leviers techniques au sein d’un bassin versant viticole (45 km²). Elle propose une démarche originale de modélisation participative, composée d’une série d’ateliers collectifs entrecoupés de phases de modélisation. Les principaux résultats de cette thèse sont triples. Premièrement, la mobilisation précoce des acteurs dans la démarche a permis de développer un modèle original dont les composantes répondent aux attentes des participants. Ce modèle ad hoc intègre des modèles existants (phénologie, bilan hydrique, ruissellement) et originaux (modèle de rendement GraY), aux échelles de la parcelle et du bassin versant. Deuxièmement, la construction collective des stratégies d’adaptation a favorisé la prise en compte de plusieurs facteurs spatiaux (type de sol, climat, type de production, accès à l’irrigation) pour construire des stratégies pertinentes au sein d’un territoire. Ces stratégies visent à retarder les dates de vendanges, améliorer l’efficience de l’eau et relocaliser le vignoble. Troisièmement, la simulation de ces stratégies sous conditions climatiques futures a montré la capacité de certains secteurs à réduire les pertes de rendement liées au changement climatique en mobilisant plusieurs leviers innovants. Les échanges réguliers avec les acteurs ont enrichi l’évaluation par le modèle, en y ajoutant des aspects économiques (ratio coût/bénéfice), techniques (faisabilité) et sociaux (souhaitabilité). L’approche originale proposée dans cette thèse a permis de rapprocher les acteurs de la filière viticole des travaux issus de la modélisation. Cette approche ouvre ainsi des perspectives pour orienter les travaux de modélisation futurs vers des outils plus adaptés aux attentes d’une filière ou d’un territoire. Elle encourage également la combinaison d’outils de simulation quantitatifs avec des approches participatives pour répondre aux enjeux, entre autres climatiques, du XXIème siècle.
... The results presented in Section 3 demonstrate the potential of the QVigourMap to generate vigour maps by masking out other vegetation and bare soil, as seen in Figure 6c. Regarding the vineyard case, the vegetation changes through the period analysed ( Figure 7) were related with the grapevine phenology stages, because the data covers the whole period from the beginning of veraison to harvest time [35]. Moreover, the occurrence of precipitation in the days prior to the data acquisition justified the growth verified in the other vegetation in the last two flights [29]. ...
In a precision agriculture context, the amount of geospatial data available can be difficult to interpret in order to understand the crop variability within a given terrain parcel, raising the need for specific tools for data processing and analysis. This is the case for data acquired from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), in which the high spatial resolution along with data from several spectral wavelengths makes data interpretation a complex process regarding vegetation monitoring. Vegetation Indices (VIs) are usually computed, helping in the vegetation monitoring process. However, a crop plot is generally composed of several non-crop elements, which can bias the data analysis and interpretation. By discarding non-crop data, it is possible to compute the vigour distribution for a specific crop within the area under analysis. This article presents QVigourMaps, a new open source application developed to generate useful outputs for precision agriculture purposes. The application was developed in the form of a QGIS plugin, allowing the creation of vigour maps, vegetation distribution maps and prescription maps based on the combination of different VIs and height information. Multi-temporal data from a vineyard plot and a maize field were used as case studies in order to demonstrate the potential and effectiveness of the QVigourMaps tool. The presented application can contribute to making the right management decisions by providing indicators of crop variability, and the outcomes can be used in the field to apply site-specific treatments according to the levels of vigour.
... A thorough understating on the effect of climate change on crop productivity should be obtained to make different crop production decisions viz. choice of crops, planting dates and irrigation practices (Lipper et al. 2014;Keating et al. 2014;Molitor et al. 2014;Costa et al. 2015). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001) released a series of global warming scenarios describing future emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols based on different socio-economic assumptions. ...
Potato has been recognized as a crop of importance in developing countries for ensuring human nutrition and food security. The dwindling natural resources, low fertility of soils, the incidence of pests and diseases, climate change and lack of strategic planning pose major constraints for potato production in these countries. Crop models are efficient tools for assisting research and development efforts towards achieving maximum production potential in these areas as it predicts the phenology and yield of crop taking into consideration the factors affecting growth and development. A well-validated model can be used for quantification of adaptation domains, optimization and efficient utilization of resources, forecasting of pest and diseases, mitigating climate changes, yield gap analysis, a pre-harvest judgment of production and accordingly market surveillance and formulation of monitory policies. The multifaceted application of simulation models presents futuristic opportunities for developing decision supporting systems and agro-advisory services for scheduling best management practices for attaining sustained potato production. This review summarizes comprehensive information on the crop models being used along with their applications in the different aspects of potato production system towards a precision as well as smart agriculture.
