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Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can affect the body's muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves. Most work-related MSDs develop over time and are caused either by the work itself or by the employees' working environment. The paper presents a case study on the analysis of the Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD's) occur when there is...
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UD. Ikhsan which is located in Bungkah, is one of producer of bordir Aceh souvenirs with product result that is bag and wallet with various sizes. During this process the production of souvenir Aceh is done by using sewing machine which is operated manually. Generally use a new type of sewing machine and a rather large size with the help of engine...
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... MMH, which relies heavily on human's physical effort through various activities such as lifting, pushing, and carrying is considered to be one of the most common causes of occupational fatigue and lower back injury [1,2,3]. From ergonomic perspective, there are multiple risk factors associated with MMH including poor working posture and forceful exertion [4,5]. Strenuous handling activity that demands workers to adopt poor posture adds internal stress on muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joints, thus increasing the likelihood for the worker to develop Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) after prolonged exposure to MMH [6,7,8,9]. ...
Manual material handling (MMH) activities utilize human’s effort with minimal aid from mechanical devices. MMH is typically associated with poor lower back posture which can lead to lower back injury. The likelihood to develop musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) increases when poor working posture exist in combination with repetition and/or forceful exertion. In manual transfer activity, the distance between lifting origin and destination could affect workers’ exposure on poor lower back working posture. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of transfer distance to lower back twisting and bending pattern in manual transfer activity. Positional body joints data of 26 male subjects were captured using the combination of motion capture (MOCAP) system with MVN studio software. Calculated data were plotted against time to track subjects’ lower back twisting and bending behavior. In general, longer the transfer distance would result in smaller twisting angle but higher bending angle. Statistical analysis in this study suggests 0.75m to 1.00m as the optimum transfer distance to balance lower back twisting and bending exposure on workers. This study is envisioned to provide insights for practitioners to consider space requirements for MMH activity to minimize lower back twisting and bending, and consequently the development of MSDs.
... In an experimental study conducted in the United States of America, Lavender & Johnson [6] revealed that lateral bending and twisting of the spine were minimized when a separation distance of 1 meter was created between the lift's origin and the destination. Poor work postures in combinations of repetitive and long exposure durations can increase risks of ergonomics issues like sprain, strain, and work-related musculoskeletal disorders [11,12]. Therefore, a good design that focuses on optimizing interaction between workplace setup and workers can contribute to increased efficiency and productivity in a workplace [13]. ...
Manual material transfer tasks are common in occupational settings. Repetitive lifting tasks usually involve twisting and bending which are associated with occupational lower back injuries. One of the approaches to reduce bending and twisting is to separate the distance between lifting origin and destination, which will encourage lifters to step and turn entire bodies. However, adding lifting distances is likely to affect space usages and requirements. A study was conducted to investigate how the transfer distances influence space usage during the lifting task. Raw data of hip and hand wrists motion of 26 male subjects during transfer in 4 different distances were captured using X-Sens motion capture system. MVN Studio software was used to process and extract positional data. Tabulated space mapping revealed limited hip movement and semicircular shaped hand motions for short transfer distances. The pattern changes into a more stretched-curve shape as the distance increases. Overall, it was observed that shorter transfer distance caused participants to adopt more twisting and less bending postures, while further transfer distances resulted in more bending and less twisting. This study may provide industrial practitioners with information to design a space requirement for manual material transfer tasks.
ABSTRAK: Kerja-kerja pemindahan barang secara manual adalah biasa dalam persekitaran kerja. Kerja-kerja mengangkat barang yang kebiasaannya melibatkan badan membengkok dan berpusing boleh menyebabkan kecederaan tulang belakang. Salah satu cara bagi mengurangkan risiko ini adalah dengan memisahkan jarak antara tempat asal dan tempat tuju pemindahan barang. Pemindah barang digalakkan untuk melangkah dan memusingkan seluruh badan. Namun, cara ini menyebabkan penggunaan ruang yang banyak. Satu kajian telah dijalankan bagi mengkaji bagaimana jarak pemindahan barang mempengaruhi penggunaan ruang ketika kerja-kerja pemindahan. Data asal pergerakan pinggul dan pergelangan tangan daripada 26 subjek lelaki ketika pemindahan barang pada 4 jarak berbeza diperolehi menggunakan sistem rakaman gerakan X-Sens. Perisian MVN Studio digunakan bagi memproses dan mengekstrak data ini. Ruang pemetaan berjadual mendedahkan pergerakan pinggul yang terhad dan pergerakan tangan berbentuk separa bulat pada jarak pemindahan terdekat. Corak ini berubah kepada bentuk lengkung memanjang apabila jarak bertambah. Keseluruhannya, jarak pindahan yang kurang menyebabkan para peserta lebih terdedah kepada postur memusingkan badan berbanding membengkok, sementara jarak yang jauh menyebabkan peserta lebih membengkok berbanding memusingkan badan. Kajian ini memberikan maklumat untuk penggiat industri mereka cipta keperluan ruang bagi kerja-kerja pemindahan barang secara manual.
... The cabin crews felt more pain at the lower back and neck due to the heavy load lifting tasks since these muscles are the most affected muscles. More pain experienced on the particular muscles during the tasks indicated that the muscles are the most affected muscles [9]. ...
Lifting and loading passengers' hand-carry luggage into the overhead compartment in the flight cabin is one of the tasks performed by the cabin crews. The hand-carry luggage weight varies and can be up to 10 kg. The task involved load lifting over the head, awkward posture and repetitive that could lead to the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Hence, further investigation of those factors stimulates this study. An industrial survey was conducted and WMSDs symptom data were collected using Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Rapid Upper Limb (RULA) assessment was performed to analyse the posture during the load lifting task. The results of the industrial survey indicated that 88.3% of the workers experienced WMSD symptoms in various regions of the body. The highest symptoms reported at lower back (80.0%), followed by the neck (68.0%) and shoulder (59.0%). The result is supported with the result of RULA with final score 7, which indicated the load lifting task performed involved awkward posture, needs changes and further improvement should be immediately implemented. In conclusion, the cabin crews exposed to the risks of WMSDs and the results of this study can be used as references by the aviation industry to mitigate WMSDs issues among the cabin crews specifically and contribute to the improvement of the society well-being generally.
... The starting point of a bottling process begins at the de-palletizing workstation where the factory workers manually unload new cases of bottles from a pallet onto a conveyor [8]. The process of unloading new cases of bottles from a pallet onto a conveyor involves excessive overhead reaching at the beginning of a new pallet and forward bending toward the end of the unloading process [16]. Other bottling tasks, such as bottle screening, beverage bottling and crowning as well as palletizing operation have been categorized as high risk for developing WRMDs in at least one part of the body [8]. ...
... For instance, de-palletizing workstation is the starting point of a bottling process and it requires the workers to manually unload new cases of bottles from a pallet onto a conveyor [8]. The process of unloading new cases of bottles from a pallet onto a conveyor involves excessive overhead reaching at the beginning of a new pallet and forward bending toward the end of the unloading process [16,27]. Bottling tasks, such as bottle screening operation, beverage bottling and crowning as well as palletizing have been categorized as high risk for developing WRMDs in at least one part of the body [8]. ...
Background:
Bottling tasks postures may increase risk for developing work related musculoskeletal discomforts (WRMDs). Postural evaluation with epidemiological investigation for possible association may be appropriate for planning ergonomic programs.
Objective:
To evaluate working postures and investigate associations between postural risks and prevalence of WRMDs among beverage bottling workers.
Method:
301 beverage bottling company workers (8 work-stations) participated in this survey. They were required to complete a modified standard Nordic questionnaire, and their working postures examined utilizing Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA).
Results:
Postural risks ratings were high (8- 10) to very high (11- 15). Shoulder was the most commonly reported body part with WRMDs except at the carbonating workstations where Neck, Upper and Lower back discomforts were the most common (60.0% ). The compounding workstations recorded the highest prevalence of WRMDs in all body regions except shoulder and wrist. There was a significant association between working posture and occurrence of WRMDs in at least one body part. Similarly, working posture was significantly associated with WRMDs at Neck, Upper back and Wrist.
Conclusions:
Working postures may be exposing beverage bottling workers to significant risk of developing WRMDs in at least one body part, more specifically, Shoulder, Neck, Upper back and Wrist. Intervention aimed at reducing postural risks is necessary.
