Psathyrella spadiceogrisea. a, fruiting body in natural habitat; b, unequal cylindrical stipe; c, gills-stipe attachment. 

Psathyrella spadiceogrisea. a, fruiting body in natural habitat; b, unequal cylindrical stipe; c, gills-stipe attachment. 

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... species of the genera Populus (poplars) along with Salix (willows), both related to the Malpighiales, Salicaceae, along with other subspecies are widely distributed across different geographic regions and are ecologically and economically important landscape trees in Iraq (FAO, 2009;Mustafa, 2018). Consequently, many Basidiomyceres species are expected to be associated with these plants or their microhabitats (Suliaman et al., 2017;Alshuwaili et al., 2021;Al Anbagi and AL-Khesraji, 2022). Recently, the polypore F. fomentarius was collected from the dead trunk Ficus sycomorus in Sulaylmaniyah Province (Marie, 2022). ...
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Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr., 1849 (Agaricomycetes, Polyporales, Polyporaceae) is a significant fungal species widely used in traditional medicine. However, several studies have noted there is a genetic variation among strains collected from different geographic regions. The current study focused on identifying the genetic lineage of the first record of Iraqi strain F. fomentarius which was collected from the dead trunk Ficus sycomorus L., 1753 in Sulaylmaniyah Province. The study also and investigated the intraspecific genetic variability of the polypore. After multiple DNA sequence alignment analysis with international sequences, the study confirmed a genetic non-homogeneity of the presented species, and revealed the Iraqi strain has a unique 7 pb signature sequence and belonged to the lineage B. The Iraqi strain has only 2 base pairs differences from Slovak Southern European sequence and 4-8 base pairs from China, Asia (lineage B) and North American. Characterizing the genetic lineage of the current Iraqi strain is important to preserve its divers therapeutic prosperities and biotechnological applications of this species.
... The Iraqi climate and vegetation diversity reflect macrofungi's rich growth and diversity in its regions. Particularly, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah and Salah al-Din provinces located in northern Iraq have been informed by many studies, most of which belong to the Division Basidiomycota (4,6,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). This study aimed to introduce new records from Iraq continually discover interestingly and precisely identify Iraqi mycoflora. ...
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Wild macrofungi have potential functions in ecosystems and sustainable developments through their roles in waste management, human health and societal upliftment. However, there is limited knowledge of wild macrofungi in Iraq. Three interesting collections within Chlorophyllum, Mycenastrum and Ossicaulis genera related to basidiomycetes were discovered in central and northeastern parts of Iraq in 2022 during a field investigation on wild macrofungi. Molecular identification and morphological characterization were carried out for these collections. The molecular phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses confirmed that isolates are related to three species within two families )Agaricaceae and Lyophyllaceae) belonging to the order Agaricales and class Agaricomycetes. Based on the current publications, these species were the first records from Iraq. Chlorophyllum agaricoides, Mycenastrum corium and Ossicaulis salomii sequences were submitted as the first sequences from Iraq into the international biological database GenBank. The molecular phylogenetic tree formed three independent lineages in each genus with high support. The introduced species can easily be separated from closely related species in an evolutionary framework. The study's results might aid in further investigations into the macrofungi in Iraq.
... The first records of A. praecox were from Northern Iraq. by Suliaman et al. (2017) Additionally, Al-Khesraji (2018) provided the first report on this species from two Salahadin Governorate districts, Dujail and Tikrit. ...
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... However, Iraqi macrofungi are overlooked and unexplored in many regions, despite their environmental and applied importance. There are very few and scattered studies in this regard, including the study of Aziz and Toma (2012), Toma et al. (2013), Al-Qaissi )2013), Al Anbagi (2014), Suliaman et al. (2017), Owaid et al. (2018), Al-Khesraji et al. (2019, 2020, 2022, Al Anbagi et al. (2021), Al-Khesraji et al. (2021), and Al Anbagi and Al-Khesraji (2022) reflecting an increase in the macrofungal species recorded with most of the documented species belonging to the phylum The specimens were placed in plastic storage containers and transferred to the laboratory for macroscopic and microscopic examinations. Later, species were identified according to Ghobad-Nejhad and Kotiranta (2008), Sharma et al. (2013), Chinan et al. (2015), Kibby (2016), Sicoli and Mannarino (2017), and Antonín et al. (2021). ...
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... Macrofungi diversity in most western Asian regions remains understudied, but in recent years a handful of studies have been published in the region including Iran (Amoopour et al. 2016), Turkey, (Kaya 2009, Acar et al. 2015, Iraqi Kurdistan (Suliaman et al. 2017, Toma et al. 2013, Saudi Arabia, (Abou-Zeid & Altalhi 2006), Jordan, (Al Momany 2018), Egypt (Abdel-Azeem 2010), and Syria (Abdel-Hafez 1983). Many of these studies comment on the paucity of mycological data and need for additional studies. ...
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... Cotton blue in lactophenol and 3% KOH were used for microscopy. Identification of the specimens was accomplished according to relevant literatures, keys and monographs (Richardson and Watling, 1997;Keirle et al., 2004;Noordeloos et al., 2005;Kuo, 2004Kuo, , 2006Kuo, , 2007Kuo, , 2008Kuo, , 2010Kuo, , 2011aKuo, -c, 2017Schafer, 2010;Kaur et al., 2014;Adhikari, 2014;Desjardin et al., 2015;O ′ Reilly, 2016;Lee et al.,2017;Melzer, 2017;Suliaman et al., 2017). Identified specimens are kept in the Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Tikrit University, Iraq. ...
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... Spring-Summer. Suliaman et al. (2017) reported this species from Iraqi Kurdistan (Northern Iraq) and the present paper reports this (Kuo, 2011c), Turkey (Sesli and Denchev, 2008), Poland (Luszczynski, 2007), Serbia (Vukojevic et al., 2016) and Cameron (Kinge et al., 2013). ...
... In the last few years, the progress of recording and describing macrofungi species in Iraq is evident, especially in northern Iraq (Al-Qaissi, 2014;Al-Khesraji, 2016;Suliaman et al., 2017;Al-Khesraji et al., 2018) and in the western Iraq (Muslat and Owaid, 2015). However, many areas of the country with a great biodiversity remain unexplored and their mycota unknown. ...
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... Despite its biogeographic significance, information on macrofungi from thegovernorateis very limited. However, recent surveys on these fungi were reported fromSalahadin governorate (Al-Qaissi, 2014) and other parts of Iraq (Muhsin et al., 2012;Toma et al., 2013;Owaid et al., 2014;Muslat and Owaid, 2015;Al-Khesraji, 2016;Suliaman et al., 2017). This paper reports for the first timeseven Basidiomycota macrofungal species from Salahadin Governorate, four of which new to Iraq. ...
... Season : any season (collected between February -September).T. trogii was described for the first time from Northern Iraq (Iraqi Kurdistan) by Suliaman et al. (2017) and this is the first report from central Iraq (Salahadin governorate).This species was reported from other countries like Turkey (Sesli and Denchev, 2014), Iran (Ershad, 2009), Croatia (Zupanic et al., 2009), Spain (Garcia -Bona, 2017, and Russia (Svetlov and Zmitrovich, 2017). T. trogii is rare in western Europe and is listed in Red Book (Svetlov and Zmitrovich, 2017). ...
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