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Medicinal plants are generally important for the therapeutically active materials that can be obtained from them. Authenticating the herbal products obtained from these medicinal plants and separating adulterants from genuine therapeutic products in order to protect the health of the public and guarantee the reproducible quality of herbal medicines...
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... of a drug of high quality is a clearly stated and consistent drug constitution [54]. The existence and prosperity of this industry depends on maintaining consistent product qualities because herbal products are not typically stable and are also impacted by numerous variables [55]. Standardization has physical, chemical and biological properties (Fig. ...
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Introduction: Nutraceuticals are substances considered as foods/parts of foods that provide medical and health benefits in terms of disease prevention and treatment. Nutraceutical is generally extracted from herbal products, matched with dietary supplements and diet-specific nutrients, and reduce dysmenorrhea and menstrual cramping. Asia has a prof...
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... Mechanistic research that utilizes omics-based methods (metabolomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics) can supply clues on how phytochemicals interact with traditional drugs at the molecular level and further augment precision medicine practices [258]. Furthermore, regulatory and standardization issues as phytochemicals typically fail to meet requirements for quality control and dosage standardization demanded for drugs [259]. Plant species variation, cultivation practices, extraction methods, and storage methods all play a huge role in contributing to variations in the concentrations of bioactive compounds, making it difficult to achieve consistent therapeutic effects [260]. ...
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including heart failure (HF), hypertension, myocardial infarction (MI), and atherosclerosis, are increasingly linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis and its metabolic byproducts. HF, affecting over 64 million individuals globally, is associated with systemic inflammation and gut barrier dysfunction, exacerbating disease progression. Similarly, hypertension and MI correlate with reduced microbial diversity and an abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria, contributing to vascular inflammation and increased cardiovascular risk. Atherosclerosis is also influenced by gut dysbiosis, with key microbial metabolites such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) playing crucial roles in disease pathogenesis. Emerging evidence highlights the therapeutic potential of natural compounds, including flavonoids, omega-3 fatty acids, resveratrol, curcumin, and marine-derived bioactives, which modulate the gut microbiota and confer cardioprotective effects. These insights underscore the gut microbiota as a critical regulator of cardiovascular health, suggesting that targeting dysbiosis may offer novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. Further research is needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms and optimize microbiome-based interventions for improved cardiovascular outcomes.
... Additionally, the lack of well-designed toxicity studies, clinical trials and human data pose significant barrier in proceeding further. Although the use of herbal remedies are beneficial in AD, it requires robust scientific validation before being considered a viable alternative to conventional therapies [64]. ...
The global prevalence of dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is anticipated to escalate dramatically. Current treatments for AD, primarily cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) and NMDA receptor antagonists, alleviate symptoms but fail to address the disease’s underlying mechanisms. Recent developments in anti-amyloid therapies, such as aducanumab, mark a significant advancement but still offer limited solutions. In light of these challenges, there is renewed interest in alternative medicinal systems and diverse bioactive compounds. This review aims to evaluate the potential of Zephyranthes, with an emphasis on the plant's ability to alter dysregulated signaling pathways linked to the pathophysiology of AD. Remarkably, the genus includes many alkaloids, like galanthamine, that are recognized for their neuroprotective qualities. The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, choline esterase (ChE), and prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) inhibitory properties along with protective effects against amyloidogenesis and amyloid β aggregation of Zephyranthes and their alkaloids were thought to be responsible for their neuroprotective benefits. These results underline the need for multimodal therapy methods and the significance of investigating natural products to address the intricate pathologies of neurodegenerative illnesses.
