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Le projet GERRI donne corps pour l'île de la Réunion aux orientations du Grenelle Envi- ronnement, dont l'aménagement énergétique d’un territoire est l’une des facettes. Il s'agit de prévoir la consommation et la production d'énergie future, tout en respectant un ensemble d'indicateurs économiques et écolo- giques, à l’aide de nombreux schémas d'in...
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Citations
... Knowing that the context has a huge impact on the proceedings and the outcomes of the simulation, we often give more attention to data in particular and starting environment. Each configuration leads, so to speak, to an almost unique experience depending on the configuration settings (Gangat, et al., 2009). Optimization of working time issue arises when handling complex systems, especially in multi-agents systems where more attention must be paid to data and different proceedings performed during iterations. ...
The initialization at the beginning of all type of simulation is recurring. In the field of multi-agents, spatial environments on a micro or macro scale, or more abstract context, such as mapping out energy sources for example, need often to be modelled. The initialization of these environments wherein evolve agents is generally tedious and time-consuming depending on the fineness of the mesh of the cutting in case of a 2D spatial representation. In this paper, we present MASC (Map Sectors Creator), a user-oriented tool that permits easy initialization through the creation of a mesh directly usable in multi-agents systems simulations platforms. The automation of cutting out maps followed by the generation of directly usable code snippets optimize the working time on initialization and allow to focus on the simulations results and observations.
... Cette application permet la modélisation et la simulation de situations agricoles réalistes de localités de La Réunion, comme celles de Grand-Ilet ou du Petit- Tampon/Grand-Tampon. Ce prototype, reposant sur la première plateforme GEAMAS, produit des données par des simulations impliquant plus de 200 agents en interaction sur des périodes de plusieurs années, qui sont ensuite exploitées. Plus récemment, nous avons mis en place EDMMAS 7 [Gangat et al., 2009a, Gangat et al., 2009b] basé sur DS 8 [David et al., 2007, outil issu d'un autre projet conduit par le CIRAD (voir Chapitre 3). Il s'agit cette fois d'un prototype construit sur la seconde plate- forme GEAMAS-NG . ...
... L'expérience EDMMAS [Gangat et al., 2009a, Gangat et al., 2009b] est un cas concret de réutilisation de modèle dans un contexte pluridisciplinaire. Nous allons ici successivement présenter : le contexte général puis celui, plus particulier, du cadre pluridisciplinaire ; les trois ...
... Le monde Agent et le monde Objet présentent certaines similitudes : les états internes, les unités de comportements modulaires, la communication par envoi de messages. Cependant, les SMA (et les SOA) présentent des spécificités absentes de la POO [Gangat et al., 2012a]. ...
Co-building and reuse of models are at the center of several studies in the field of simulation. However, in the more specific field ofMulti-Agent Based Simulation (MABS), there is a lack of methodology to resolve these two issues, despite a strong need by experts.Model co-building is essential to optimize knowledge sharing amongst different experts, but we often face divergent viewpoints. Existing methodologies for the MABS co-building allow only a low level of collaboration among experts during the initial phase of modeling, and between domain experts with modelers or computer scientists... In order to help this co-building, we propose and follow a methodology to facilitate this collaboration. Model reuse can provide significant time savings, improve models’ quality and offer new knowledge. Some MABS methodologies in this area exist. However, in the spectrum of reuse, they are often limited to a full model’s reuse or agent’s reuse with the impossibility of reusing smaller parts such as behaviors. The EDMMAS experiment was a concrete case of three successive model reuses. It allowed us to observe new complexity arising from the increase of agents’ behaviors. This creates a gap between operational model and conceptual model.Our goal is to promote the reuse of models, agents and their behaviors.To answer these questions, we propose in this thesis a new way to codify and integrate knowledge from different disciplines in the model, while using "composable"modules that facilitate reuse.We propose (i) a new agent architecture (aMVC), applied to a multidynamical approach (DOM), with the support (ii) of a methodology (MMC) based on the decompositionand reuse of behaviors.Proposals (i) and (ii) allow us to lead a multidisciplinary MABS project with a large number of actors, helping the co-building of models through the introduction of synergies among the different actors involved in the modeling. They can work independently on their dynamics and the platformwill integrate those, ensuring cohesion and robustness of the system. Our contributions include the ability to create the building blocks of the system independently, associate and combine them to formagents. This allows us to compare possibilities for the same dynamic and open the prospect of studyingmany alternate models of the same complex system, and then analyze at a very fine scale.
... Après avoir appliqué DOM à un exemple concret dans DS puis dans EDMMAS [GCP09], nous avons réalisé que DOM n'était pas suffisante pour surmonter toutes les difficultés. En effet, si cette approche est efficace au niveau conceptuel et particulièrement pour la gestion des environnements, nos travaux ont permis de révéler un décalage conséquent entre le modèle opérationnel et le modèle conceptuel. ...
Lorsque l'on comprend ce qu'est la SOA, quels sont ses avantages et ses inconvénients, la première question qui se pose est : "comment procéder ?". Il n'y a pas de réponse unique. Cependant, il est nécessaire de suivre une méthodologie de conception de simulations ou encore un processus de simulation. Elle consiste à définir la suite d'opérations à réaliser pour obtenir une simulation d'une partie du monde réel. Nous proposons dans cet article un tronc com-mun aux différentes méthodologies de conception de simulations. Ensuite, nous présen-tons une nouvelle approche facilitant la co-construction (la collaboration entre des thématiciens pour construire un modèle) et la réutilisation de modèle, tirant parti de DOM et aMVC. Enfin, nous appliquons cette approche méthodo-logique sur un exemple et proposons quelques perspectives.
... The EDMMAS 1 [2] project is one of the application of DOM to a real complex system. ...
... Let's take a study case related to our project EDMMAS: if we want to implement a simulation that includes at the same time the evolution of the population, the productionconsumption of energy and the land-use (urban, agricultural or natural) changes on a territory such as in EDMMAS [2], we would face hundreds of thousands of Parcels agents (land units of approximately one hectare). Complexity of the system will come from both the interaction's complexity and their numbers. ...
The multi-agent systems are successfully used in modeling of dynamic complex systems, and simulations of these models reinforce the knowledge of experts and even allow them to explore new horizons or to cross boundaries. This is the reason why the models being tackled are increasingly varied, and as one goes along with experimentations, these models are completed, intercrossed. Consequently they become increasingly complex. In our previous work [1], we proposed a first modeling approach to support this complexity increase: the Dynamic- Oriented Modeling (DOM). The application of this approach can effectively support the increase of the model. This increase applies to both agents and environments. This DOM approach tackles the problem of the latter by splitting in multiple parts. But if DOM led to organize properly the multiple environments that come into play, little support is provided to organize and manage the increasing complexity of the agents themselves... Inevitably, when we reach a quite advanced stage of evolution of the model, the agents eventually reach a critical mass (either in formalization or code) that makes them more and more hard to comprehend. In this paper, we illustrate this phenomenon and show that it quickly takes the upper hand against the benefits of DOM, as it can eventually block the potential development, or even reuse, of the model. Then we explain that a solution to this ”side effect” could structure the architecture of agents, a structure capable of maintaining readability and flexibility of the formalization of the agent throughout the growth process of the global model.We study a well known pattern in software engineering: the MVC pattern, which can be reused here to meet this objective. We will present in details how this pattern could be instantiated in the field of MAS architecture, and how, ultimately, it can be an effective new way to formalize agents in a method called Multi- Behaviors Modelization.
... We can identify two majors characteristics in this problem: the " individual dynamic " (that will include everything related to the individual such as its emotion, health, age, etc.) and the " team dynamic " (that will include everything related to the pack of wolves such as its rank, hunting, migrating, etc.). This DOM methodology has already been applied in previous project such as DS[2]and EDMMAS[3]. The feedback we had on this application showed us that using DOM was a good choice. ...
In the last few years, the multiagent system’s paradigm has been more and more used in various fields, specially in the simulation field (MAS). Whenever a new application came into being and has been validated by its review board, specialists usually want to reuse it, fully or partially, in order to cut down the time and price of developing similar application.
But this reuse is not as simple as expected. In a previous article, we proposed the DOM modeling to tackle modeling difficulties which arise in a complex system. However this solution has its limits as we will develop here. In this paper, we define a more complete agent modeling, based on the MVC design pattern, in order to to push back these limits.
Energy management has become a very popular topic in the past few years, especially with the protection of the environment. The use and management of renewable energy sources (RES) has therefore become a necessity. In this context, innovative EMSs (Energy Management Systems) are required to bring a new way to monitor energy flows in micro grids. The interaction between physical and digital elements is relying on the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). A side effect is the appearance of Multi-Agent System (MAS) whose aim is to manage efficiently energy flows to reduce consumer bills, to minimize the use of fossil fuel in favor of RES. In this paper, we introduce "GYSOMATE", a simulation platform to test different management strategies, with the implementation of predictive tools and MAS to improve the EMS.
Reunion Island will be hosting in the coming years an increasingly important population. Documents dedicated to land-use planning should take this into account to better manage the evolutions of the island. In the context of multidisciplinary research, the challenge of our work is to propose methods and tools to facilitate interactions between computer scientists and thematicians who bring their expertise to the construction of simulation models dedicated to territorial prospective. We co-constructed DS, an agent-based model that simulates the evolutions of the population and of the land-use on the island, and then we focused on the study of emergence, a concept that appears in our simulations in spatial environment. We defined it as a meta-knowledge; and that enabled us to propose a modelling methodology and a formal framework that lead to the introduction of emerging structures in the Agent-Based Simulation platform GEAMAS-NG. The systems, or the entities of the models themselves, can now be aware of the emergence of phenomena and can materialize these phenomena by using the knowledge of thematicians. We finally demonstrated the usefulness of these proposals by experimenting the reification of an emergent phenomenon observed in DS.
