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... DNA was isolated following Chong et al. (2000) for whole blood and following the recommendations of the supplier for DNA extraction from FTA Cards (Qiagen). Two sets of primers were used to amplify the control region from the 3 0 end of cytochrome b to the third conserved sequence block (CSB III) of the control region (cyt b-CR); one set of primers was used for the region at the 3 0 end of ND 6 to the 5 0 end of cyt b (Table 2). These were specific primers based on the sequence of Tomistoma schlegelii from Genbank (AJ810455) using DNAstar Lasergene version 7.0 (Burland 2000). ...Context 2
... DNA (50 ng) was added to 50 ll of PCR containing 200 lM dNTPs (Vivantis), 1 mM MgCl 2 (Vivantis), 19 Taq buffer, and 1 U MaxTaq (Vivantis). The PCR cycling profile for all primers consisted of initial denaturation at 95°C for 2 min, followed by 35 cycles of 95°C for 30 s for denaturation, annealing temperature (Table 2) for 30 s, and 72°C for the elongation time (Table 2), with a final elongation at 72°C for 5 min. The amplification product was purified directly or indirectly using a GeneAll PCR SV Kit (General Biosystem, Korea) and sequenced using an ABI 3730XL DNA analyzer in both directions. ...Context 3
... DNA (50 ng) was added to 50 ll of PCR containing 200 lM dNTPs (Vivantis), 1 mM MgCl 2 (Vivantis), 19 Taq buffer, and 1 U MaxTaq (Vivantis). The PCR cycling profile for all primers consisted of initial denaturation at 95°C for 2 min, followed by 35 cycles of 95°C for 30 s for denaturation, annealing temperature (Table 2) for 30 s, and 72°C for the elongation time (Table 2), with a final elongation at 72°C for 5 min. The amplification product was purified directly or indirectly using a GeneAll PCR SV Kit (General Biosystem, Korea) and sequenced using an ABI 3730XL DNA analyzer in both directions. ...Similar publications
A newly recorded chaetodontid species, Chaetodon speculum Cuvier, 1831 was collected in July, 2021 from Pohang, Korea. Its body color is yellow with black stripe across the eyes and a large spot occupying one fourth of the upper part of the body. C. speculum is very similar to congeneric species, C. zanzibarensis, but it can be distinguished by the...
In Nationaal Park Hollandse Duinen komen verschillende amfibieën voor waarvan vermoed wordt dat ze door de mens geïntroduceerd zijn. Het gaat hier om de 'boomkikker', de Vroedmeesterpad en de Kamsalamander. In het voorjaar van 2021 gingen Leidse biologen de duinen in om DNA-monsters te verzamelen. Het doel van hun onderzoek was om te achterhalen wa...
Citations
Advances in molecular biology and genetics are revealing that many recognized crocodylian species are complexes of two or more cryptic species. These discoveries will have a profound impact on interpretation of the crocodyliform fossil record. Our understanding of ranges of intraspecific variation in modern crocodylian morphology may be based on multiple species and thus express both intraspecific and interspecific variation. This raises questions about our ability to recognize modern species in the fossil record, and it also indicates that specimens from disparate localities or horizons may represent not single widespread species, but multiple related species. Ranges of variation in modern species require a thorough re-evaluation, and we may have to revisit previous perceptions of past crocodyliform diversity, rates of evolution or anagenetic lineages in stratigraphic succession. These challenges will not be unique to those studying crocodyliforms and will require sophisticated approaches to variation among modern and fossil specimens.
