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Nowadays, many cities are facing with complex issues such as climate change, social, economic, culture, and environmental problems, especially urban water. In other words, the city has to struggle with the challenge to make sure its sustainability in all aspects. This research focuses on how to ensure the city sustainability and resilience on urban...
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... Although the previous, and some other case studies have successfully implemented and validated SUDS urban models (e.g., Kong et al. 2017;Maftuhah et al. 2018;Rujner et al. 2018;Garbanzos and Maniquiz-Redillas 2022;Arjenaki et al. 2021;Ma et al. 2022), there are still gaps regarding modeling technicalities and aspects that have not been addressed so far, such as trains modeling, continuous-long term modeling, effect of temporal and spatial scale, or performance of different typologies. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of systematically studying the sensitivity of the models to specific SUDS design parameters. ...
The development of computational tools based on urban drainage models is fundamental for the correct selection of SUDS. The present study proposes a systematic approach based on continuous modeling on USEPA SWMM. The objective was to select the most suitable Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) by evaluating several aspects related to their design and configuration. The proposed methodology was applied to a conceptual watershed with meteorological information from Santander, Spain. The analysis of SUDS design parameters showed that only the surface variables showed a sensitivity of ≈20% for berm height and vegetation volume. The optimal configuration for the case study was a SUDS train consisting of green roofs, permeable pavements, vegetated swales and rain gardens, with 1% of the total subcatchment area cover, one structure, and a semi-aggregated spatial distribution. The methodology proved efficient but also highly dependent on the case study parameters and the meteorological conditions. The SUDS proved to have different efficiencies (30%—90%) in reducing the total runoff volume, the peak flow, and the pollutant loads depending on the region where the conceptual watershed was modeled. The methodology proved to be efficient for studying the combinations and interconnection of seven different typologies, as well as the effect of SUDS configuration, design and distribution on their performance.
... On the other hand, the neighborhoods with "Low"-risk areas were: São João da Escócia (37); Cidade Jardim (11); Petrópolis (30); Indianópolis (15); Divinópolis (14); Morro Bom Jesus (25); São Francisco (36); Riachão (33); Universitário (41). The areas with a "Very Low" risk were the following neighborhoods: Jardim Boa Vista (16); Distrito Industrial (13); Maria Auxiliadora (23); Serras do Vale (39); São José (38); Cedro (8). Almost all of these areas are located close to the reservoirs, the main water supply network and the water treatment plants (more specifically, the São João da Escócia, Cidade Jardim and Petrópolis neighborhoods). ...
It is essential to visualize water scarcity as a result of an inappropriate process of appropriation and the use of natural resources. This understanding has been gaining more and more prominence in studies in Brazil and also in the world. In this context, this research aims to map the risk of water shortages and sewage insufficiency in a Brazilian semi-arid city using GIS-MCDA. The secondary data used in this research were collected from IBGE, Compesa, and the City Hall of Caruaru and were processed using the QGIS 3.12 Bucareşti software. The Pernambuco Tridimensional database and the Analytical Hierarchy Process method were used in the process to generate the maps. After collecting and analyzing the data, it was seen that, according to the water shortage risk map, seven neighborhoods had a “Very high” risk, in which the criteria with the greatest weight were the distance from distribution reservoirs, the main supply network and altimetry. The map of the degree of sanitary sewage insufficiency showed that four neighborhoods have a “Very high” degree; these neighborhoods are far from the main sewage network and from sewage treatment stations and have the lowest rates of households served by the system. Such characteristics need to be highlighted in the planning and implementation of water and sewage services. Thus, it is concluded that the use of high-resolution spatial databases for the planning of urban services, as carried out in the present work, provides a greater level of confidence for solutions that can be implemented in the expansion of service networks to the population.
... In recent years SUDS research has become highly relevant due to its potential for adapting to climate change and mitigating urbanization effects (Xu et al., 2020). Typologies such as in ltration trenches, green roofs, permeable pavements, storage tanks, detention basins, arti cial wetlands, bioretention zones, among many others, have been studied in terms of their quantity, quality, and amenity performance (Wang et Currently, there are case studies that have successfully developed urban drainage models that include SUDS (Kong et al., 2017;Maftuhah et al., 2018;Rujner et al., 2018). At the same time, there are specialized decisionmaking tools to support the optimal location and design of SUDS (Zubelzu et al., 2020;Xu et al., 2020). ...
The development of computational tools based on urban drainage models is fundamental for the correct adoption of SUDS. The present study proposes a systematic approach based on continuous modeling on EPA SWMM to properly select SUDS, by evaluating several aspects related to their design and configuration. The analysis of the design parameters showed that only the surface variables evidenced a sensitivity of around 20% for some typologies. Likewise, the optimal area, number of structures, combination and interconnection of SUDS typologies were found for a case study in Santander, Spain. When applying the results to different geographic regions, the high dependence of the methodology on the performance variable, the region and the type of modeling used was evidenced. It is essential to develop tools that automate the SUDS selection process and, at the same time allow the inclusion of social and economic aspects, and the mediation with different stakeholders.
... For example, Salvadore et al. (2015) stated that many modeling approaches target specific objectives and that the level of detail in representing physical processes is not consistent. Other examples are the works by Bach et al. (2014) and Maftuhah et al. (2018), who focused on integrated urban water systems modeling. While Bach et al. (2014) classified integrated UDMs at one of four degrees of integration, Maftuhah et al. (2018) performed a classification considering social aspects, institutional dynamics, technical innovation, and local contexts. ...
... Other examples are the works by Bach et al. (2014) and Maftuhah et al. (2018), who focused on integrated urban water systems modeling. While Bach et al. (2014) classified integrated UDMs at one of four degrees of integration, Maftuhah et al. (2018) performed a classification considering social aspects, institutional dynamics, technical innovation, and local contexts. These bigger-picture reviews focused on drainage systems integration and interaction with other urban systems rather than focusing exclusively on SUDS. ...
... In particular, integrated urban drainage models would benefit from a pragmatic representation of SUDS and its effect in the urban water system (e.g., sedimentation load changes and risk of sediment-relament failures in the sewer system Montes et al., 2021)). As pointed out by Bach et al. (2014) and Maftuhah et al. (2018), parsimonious, comprehensive, and high-degree-of-integration models are a mainstay to transitioning towards more resilient urban centers. ...
Decision Support Systems (DSS) for Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) are a valuable aid for SUDS widespread adoption. These tools systematize the decision-making criteria and eliminate the bias inherent to expert judgment, abridging the technical aspect of SUDS for non-technical users and decision-makers. Through the collection and careful assessment of 120 papers on SUDS models and SUDS-DSS, this review shows how these tools are built, selected, and used to assist decision-makers questions. The manuscript classifies the DSS based on the question they assist in answering, the spatial scale used, the software selected, among other aspects. SUDS-DSS aspects that require more attention are identified, including environmental and social considerations, SUDS trains performance and criteria for selection, stochasticity of rainfall, and future scenarios impact. Suggestions for SUDS-DSS are finally offered to better equip decision-makers in facing emerging stormwater challenges in urban centers.
... La sostenibilidad del agua se relaciona con la gestión del agua urbana, y finalmente se transforma en una ciudad sensible al agua. En el camino, será necesario investigar la innovación técnica, los problemas sociales y la dinámica de las organizaciones involucradas, para que la transición entre los vínculos de resiliencia y sensibilidad al agua sea más evidente (Maftuhah, Anityasari, y Sholihah, 2018). Los enlaces del marco de conocimiento se muestran en la Figura 1. Cada área, y en particular cada ciudad, tendrá un historial de gestión del agua que puede ofrecer información sobre la demanda de los suministros de agua actuales, así como datos que conducirán a una mejor comprensión de cómo cambian las demandas de agua a medida que la población aumenta o disminuye. ...
El presente libro muestra una revisión de la literatura existente sobre el tema del diseño urbano sensible al agua, que es un subconjunto de diseño urbano en rápido crecimiento con una gama de resultados relevantes en el mundo actual.
Es importante presentar un trabajo selectivo sobre este tema por su auge, importancia y por el número insuficiente de investigaciones de esta naturaleza en la literatura en español, que refuercen el tema y brinden elementos útiles para los diferentes sectores de la sociedad.
El trabajo revisa diferentes áreas de enfoque para el diseño urbano sensible al agua y considera las variables que conducen a diferentes enfoques a nivel mundial en términos de características adaptativas del proceso de diseño urbano sensible al agua.
Este libro también proporciona información que puede utilizarse para analizar el progreso realizado en el diseño urbano sensible al agua en diferentes regiones del mundo, ya que considera el progreso realizado en diversas áreas y metodologías, y cuáles son las perspectivas para el futuro.
Diferentes naciones han alcanzado diferentes niveles de desarrollo, y se consideran las circunstancias que consideran su desarrollo. El enfoque es desde la perspectiva de la administración pública, especialmente cómo los gobiernos pueden trabajar junto con la sociedad para gestionar y mejorar sus futuros de agua. La selección del método PRISMA es desarrollada y seguida, en una parte del libro, con el propósito de analizar de mejor forma la literatura.
Este trabajo también muestra cómo los principios de política impulsados por el diseño urbano sensible al agua (y la necesidad de estos) son relevantes tanto para el mundo desarrollado como para el mundo en vías de desarrollo. Por ejemplo, se demuestra que las ineficiencias en la distribución de agua y el saneamiento comunes
a las naciones en desarrollo con infraestructuras pobres tienen similitudes con los problemas que enfrentan las naciones ricas con infraestructuras de agua que necesitan reparación.
El diseño urbano sensible al agua, por lo tanto, es útil en una variedad de situaciones, con la eficacia práctica de tales sistemas estrechamente vinculados a los flujos de agua naturales utilizados para fines de saneamiento y drenaje, y para la mitigación del riesgo de inundación causado por suelos que han sido ‘sellados’ por desarrollo urbano como cimientos de hormigón. Debido a que el mundo continúa urbanizándose rápidamente, las crisis de agua que enfrenta, de acceso o limpieza, se están agudizando. La evidencia también sugiere que la sostenibilidad en el diseño, a través de la “bio-mímica”, representa una ruta para resolver las crisis emergentes del agua del siglo XXI.
Las técnicas del diseño urbano sensible al agua, especialmente en el drenaje, se enmarcan como un medio para cumplir con los objetivos de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos para el desarrollo sostenible (que se aplican esencialmente solo a las naciones desarrolladas), y para formar un camino para cumplir los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible de la Organización de las Naciones
Unidas, como se aplica a las naciones en desarrollo en el mundo.
Existe una gran variedad de enfoques disponibles para el diseño urbano sensible al agua en general, pero no existe un diseño único que sea el mejor para todas las aplicaciones. Finalmente, se realizan recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones.
The upward trajectory of urbanization, coupled with the ever-growing demand for more water resources, has led to increased pressure on limited water resources, particularly in cities with dry climates such as Tehran. Since the balance of Tehran’s water ecosystems has been disturbed, and the quality and quantity of water resources have been affected in recent years, conducting an assessment of water environment carrying capacity (WECC) seemed vital for this city. WECC was used as the basis of water supply sustainability evaluation concerning Tehran’s land use and demographic characteristics on a neighborhood scale. Therefore, the effect size and correlation of 12 types of land use and six variables derived from the literature with water consumption patterns were examined in warm and cold seasons. The results show that land use, population density, percentage of deteriorated area, percentage of buildings over 30 years old, residential–commercial land use, and green spaces correlate significantly with water consumption. The percentage of deteriorated areas and buildings over 30 years old has a negative, and the rest has a positive impact on water consumption. It is also recommended to use the research findings to improve Tehran’s water environment carrying capacity and apply the proposed evaluation procedure to other cities. The results of this research can be used in planning large and densely populated cities with a neighborhood-oriented approach, in which local institutions play an essential role in attracting people’s participation and inclusive urban planning.
