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Predicted carbon stocks in standing teak trees by using logistic growth model. Note for curve in Fig. 4: a ¼ 5554.3712, b ¼ 453.62308, c ¼ 0.1137 (R 2 ¼ 0.9761) for equation (1) were obtained using the curveexpert software and the four-data points were the average of 581 trees collected from the field.
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Management of teak plantation can contribute to global sustainability. The objective of this study is to assess the overall carbon storage through forest management in a teak plantation at Thong Pha Phum in Thailand from the time of planting to final felling. We collected field data from 30 quadrat sample plots of 30 m x 30 m size in teak plantatio...
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Context 1
... variables such as DBH, H, and AGC can be used as the predictor of tree growth and yield of the forest plantations. Based on data of individual trees (581 trees counted in all 30 sample plots) and by using the logistic growth model (Eq. (2), developed using these 581 trees), average growth performance of the individual teak trees can be predicted (Fig. 4). The graph shows rapid tree growth at ages 40-60, but the company carries out final felling before those ages due to the high market demand (personal communication). In addition, the company suddenly fell in need of benefit returns to support the management of the whole teak plantation. Personal interviews revealed that, initially 100 ...
Context 2
... the individual tree growth curve was constructed (Fig. 4), the carbon stocks per tree from the logistic growth model were converted to carbon stocks per hectare and multiplied by the number of trees left per hectare in the corresponding age and thinning period. Accordingly, we were able to estimate carbon stocks in the standing trees (AGC and BGC) in response to the thinning intensity at the ...
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Teak (Tectona grandis) is among the most valuable tropical hardwoods, but silvicultural guidelines are needed to improve the growth and quality of trees in teak plantations, particularly those owned by smallholders in Asia. We analyzed the diameter growth of individual trees to determine the effects of density control in the early stages of growth...
Citations
... Maintaining nutrient concentrations is critical for sustaining soil fertility and supporting teak growth. Te fact that teak plantations maintained similar levels of soil organic carbon as those of Applied and Environmental Soil Science the natural stand suggests their potential role in carbon sequestration and their contribution to mitigating climate change [66,67]. In addition, SOC is essential for soil structure and water retention, which are crucial factors in soil fertility and quality. ...
Teak (Tectona grandis) is one of the most widely established plantation species globally due to its potential for degraded forest restoration, timber supplementation, and easing pressure on natural forest resources. However, the extent to which plant-soil interactions in teak plantations impact tree growth and productivity and soil nutrient dynamics is not well understood. This study assessed the impact of teak plantations on soil physicochemical properties as well as the influence of soil properties and fertility on teak growth. The study was conducted in teak plantations aged 5, 10, 15, 20, and over 20 years and an adjacent natural forest remnant. We established three 25 m × 25 m plots in each teak plantation and recorded the diameter at breast height (DBH), height, crown length, and depth of all trees. We collected 54 soil samples at 0–20 cm depth and analysed them for 29 soil parameters. The study revealed that teak plantations resulted in a decline in soil N (45%–81%) and available P (63%–98%) concentration, while soil pH improved by 0.41–0.64 units. However, soil organic carbon, K, Mg, Ca, and Na concentrations and their ratios were unaffected with teak plantations over time. Also, soil textural characteristics, acidity, and nutrient ratios were observed to influence tree-related characteristics such as DBH and crown dimensions (crown, diameter, breadth, length, and volume). Three principal components (PC1, PC2, and PC3) explained 69% of the overall variability and were significantly related to tree crown parameters, height, and diameter at breast height. We concluded that site selection and tailored integrated soil fertility management for each plantation age are critical to sustainable teak production as teak plantations both affect and are affected by soil properties. The study recommends the adoption of management practices aimed at maintaining soil nutrient balance to ensure the long-term growth and ecological sustainability of teak plantations.
... In this study, the aboveground carbon is estimated based on the suggested coefficient of 0.47, which converts mean biomass density to mean carbon density for a defined ecosystem (Chabi et al., 2019). Further, the aboveground carbon was determined using the formula suggested by Chayaporn et al. (2021) and IPCC (2006). ...
... Aboveground Carbon = AGB*0.47 (Chayaporn et al., 2021 andIPCC, 2006) Where: AGC is the Aboveground Carbon in (kgC tree-1) and the AGB is the Aboveground ...
The study was conducted to assess the species diversity, aboveground biomass, and aboveground carbon of forested vegetation in Bood Promontory and Eco-Park, Butuan City, Philippines. Using the quadrat sampling technique, 12 plots (10m X 10m) were established to facilitate the inventory and measurement of trees. The adequacy of the sampling effort was assessed using the Michaelis-Menten equation and depicted by the species accumulation curve. A total of 243 tree individuals from all the sampling plots were identified in the area, with the highest number of individuals being Artocarpus blancoi (88), Swietenia macrophylla (57), and Tectona grandis (47). The abundance of species was recorded in plots 2, 4, 11, and 12, with a 12 plot average abundance of 13.92. At the same time, the Shannon diversity index scored an average of H'=0.8859. The analysis of the importance value index of trees showed that Tectona grandis had the highest index with a species importance value of 1.167. Two allometric equations were used to estimate species' aboveground biomass (AGB). The resulting AGB values were utilized to convert into aboveground carbon values. The analysis showed that Brown's equation had the highest value (9.30 t) compared to Chave's equation (2.48 t). The tree species with the highest estimated AGB and AGC are F. benjamina, A. millefora, E. deglupta, G. alborea, and C. nucifera, respectively. After 20 years of establishment, the Eco-Park showed the potential to significantly contribute to reducing CO 2 gasses in the atmosphere of the urban environment..
... However, not everyone knows that Teak trees also have an important role in the environment, such as helping to maintain soil stability and maintaining air quality. Teak trees play an important role in shaping the forest ecosystem and contribute to global sustainability (Chayaporn et al., 2021). ...
The teak tree (Tectona grandis) has several positive contributions to the environment quality wood raw materials, deep and strong roots to help maintain soil stability and prevent erosion and habitat for various types of animals. On the other hand, teak also has an important role in producing oxygen and rarely do people directly see the growth of teak trees from small to large because it can take decades. This study aims to academically develop the Teak Tree Computational Model (TTCM) by using the method of Functional-Structural Plant Modeling (FSPM) and the growth Grammarrelated Interactive Modelling Platform (GroIMP). FSPM and GroiIMP operated to morphologically construct the virtual Teak tree growth from trunk, branch and leaf to analyze its environmental and economic contribution. The dataset used in this research was 20 years of growth of the teak tree in Saradan, East Java, Indonesia. The model can simulate the morphological growth mechanism of single and multi teak trees and can predict the contribution environmentally and economically. The model simulated that one 20-year-age teak tree can produce 17 L per hour of oxygen and Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) 1,200,000 of wood while in the real world teak tree can produce about 15 L per hour of oxygen and IDR 850,000-1,550,000.
... The non-degraded community forests sequestered 54.21 ± 3.59 tha -1 of SOC and had a total carbon stock of 301.08 ± 27.07 tha -1 , while the degraded community forests sequestered only 42.55 ± 3.10 tha -1 of SOC and had a total carbon stock of 152.68 ± 22.95 tha -1 . A study of forest management in a 35-year-old teak plantation in western Thailand emphasized the plantation's ability to absorb C in aboveground biomass and help to reducing the impacts of climate change (Chayaporn et al., 2021). The annual CO2 sequestration ranking was found to be between 28 and 43 tons CO2 ha -1 yr -1 , with an average of 36.7 tons CO2 ha -1 yr -1 when the net ecosystem exchange in a Thai rubber tree plantation (Hevea brasiliensis Müll.Arg.) was measured using the eddy covariance method (Satakhun et al., 2019). ...
Soil absorbs a lot of carbon dioxide (CO2). Soil organic carbon (SOC) is understudied in tropical regions despite its importance. This study examines how forest management might increase SOC sequestration and restore degraded tropical ecosystems. Sequestering soil organic carbon could enhance soil fertility and reduce land degradation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Soil structure, aggregation, infiltration, faunal motion, and nutrient (C, N, P and S) cycling are improved. Forest ecosystem management improves C sequestration, climate change mitigation, and degraded land rehabilitation. When combined with organic residue managing and nitrogen-fixing plants, afforesting or reforesting marginal or degraded lands enhances C storing in biomass and soil and supports soil condition, food productivity, land refurbishment, and greenhouse gas reduction. Sequestered C increases biological, physical, and chemical fertility, improving soil health.
... The non-degraded community forests sequestered 54.21 ± 3.59 tha -1 of SOC and had a total carbon stock of 301.08 ± 27.07 tha -1 , while the degraded community forests sequestered only 42.55 ± 3.10 tha -1 of SOC and had a total carbon stock of 152.68 ± 22.95 tha -1 . A study of forest management in a 35-year-old teak plantation in western Thailand emphasized the plantation's ability to absorb C in aboveground biomass and help to reducing the impacts of climate change [150]. The annual CO2 sequestration ranking was found to be between 28-and 43-tons CO2 ha -1 yr -1 , with an average of 36.7 tons CO2 ha -1 yr -1 when the net ecosystem exchange in a Thai rubber tree plantation (Hevea brasiliensis Müll.Arg.) was measured using the eddy covariance method [159]. ...
Soil absorbs a lot of carbon dioxide (CO2). Soil organic carbon (SOC) is understudied in tropical regions despite its importance. This study examines how forest management might increase SOC sequestration and restore degraded tropical ecosystems. Sequestering soil organic carbon could enhance soil fertility and reduce land degradation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Soil structure, aggregation, infiltration, faunal motion, and nutrient (C, N, P and S) cycling are improved. Forest ecosystem management improves C sequestration, climate change mitigation, and degraded land rehabilitation. When combined with organic residue managing and nitrogen-fixing plants, afforesting or reforesting marginal or degraded lands enhances C storing in biomass and soil and supports soil condition, food productivity, land refurbishment, and greenhouse gas reduction. Sequestered C increases biological, physical, and chemical fertility, improving soil health.
... Teak gained momentum because of its physical and aesthetic characteristics, pleasant appearance, superior and most admired timber quality, and durability in furniture manufacture and construction materials (Haupt et al. 2003;Bermejo et al. 2004;Midgley et al. 2015). In addition, it provides several ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, environmental biodiversity, windbreaks, and improves soil microfauna diversity (Derwisch et al. 2009;Giri et al. 2014;Nölte et al. 2018;Tamang et al. 2019;Winara and Hut 2020;Chayaporn et al. 2021). The socio-economic importance of teak resulted in large-scale plantations. ...
... [5] Many Indian cities air quality has gotten worse along with the rise in carbon emissions. The release of CO2 coupled with particulate matter, sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has led to significant air pollution (22)(23)(24). Poor air quality has a significant negative impact on public health, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease, respiratory ailments, and shorter life spans. India's growing carbon footprint has a substantial impact on climate changes worldwide. ...
... Some other significances of CCS are given as follows • Emissions Reduction: In industries with few other options, CCS can drastically reduce CO2 emissions from industrial operations and power plants. [22] • Negative Emissions: By extracting more CO2 from the atmosphere than is emitted, some CCS systems, such Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), can provide net-negative emissions (4). [23] •Carbon Management: CCS aids in controlling carbon emissions from sources like heavy industries that are difficult to entirely decarbonize. ...
... In contrast, the degraded community forests stored only 42.55 ± 3.10 tha -1 of SOC and had a total carbon stock of 152.68 ± 22.95 tha -1 . A recent investigation on forest management in a 35-year-old teak plantation located in western Thailand highlighted the plantation's capacity to sequester carbon in its aboveground biomass, hence mitigating the effects of climate change (Chayaporn et al., 2021). The study conducted by Satakhun et al. (2019) determined that the yearly CO2 sequestration rate in a Thai rubber tree plantation (Hevea brasiliensis Müll.Arg.) ...
Soil has a high capacity for absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2). The significance of soil organic carbon (SOC) in tropical regions is often overlooked, despite its crucial role. This study investigates the potential of forest management to enhance the sequestration of SOC and rehabilitate degraded tropical ecosystems. Sequestering soil organic carbon has the potential to improve soil fertility while also mitigating land degradation and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The improvement of soil structure, aggregation, infiltration, faunal mobility, and nutrient cycling (specifically carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur) is observed. Managing forest ecosystems enhances carbon sequestration, mitigates climate change, and rehabilitates degraded land. By integrating organic residue management with nitrogen-fixing plants, afforestation or reforestation of marginal or degraded lands can effectively increase carbon storage in both biomass and soil. This approach also promotes soil health, improves food productivity, restores land quality, and contributes to the reduction of GHG emissions. The sequestration of carbon promotes the biological, physical, and chemical fertility of the soil, hence enhancing soil health.
... This suggests that the age of teak trees significantly influences their capacity to sequester carbon which indicates that older trees tend to accumulate more carbon (Kraenzel et al. 2003;Wirabuana et al. 2022). This agrees with the findings of Chanan and Iriany (2014) in Indonesia, Reddy et al. (2014) in Southern India, and Chayaporn et al. (2021) in Thailand. ...
... Table 4). The variation observed in carbon stock agrees with Chayaporn et al. (2021) who noted that the overall carbon stocks in standing trees strongly varied according to age and tree density that results from thinning treatments. Meshram et al. (2016) reported that the higher amount of carbon sequestration that was found in five teak trees among the nine teak trees sampled was attributed to higher above-ground biomass which was due to favorable soil conditions. ...
... tC -1 in August 2021 compared to €94.05 / $372.78 tC -1 in August 2023. Chayaporn et al. (2021) estimated that the teak plantation revenues from carbon-based incentives would be $2,219 t Cha -1 every year. The dynamics of the carbon stock price in the EUA market allowances is generally influenced by higher emission carbons arising from higher energy demand. ...
The study assessed the carbon sequestration of Tectona grandis Linn. F. in five age series (11-15 years old), at the University of Ilorin, north-central Nigeria. Data were collected using a stratified sampling technique and twenty square plots of 25 m × 25 m were laid. A non-destructive method was used to determine the biomass of the trees. Tree enumerations were carried out for diameters at the base, top, middle, diameter at breast height (DBH), and height. Soil samples at two different depths (0-15 cm and 15-30 cm) were collected and analyzed to obtain soil organic carbon. The results were summarized using descriptive statistics, while the relationship between tree growth variables and carbon stock was assessed using correlation and regression analysis. The results showed that tree carbon stocks were 230.05 t ha-1, 362.35 t ha-1, 277.48 t ha-1, 216.40 t ha-1, and 126.20 t ha-1 for 11 years old (2012), 12 years old (2011), 13 years old (2010), 14 years old (2009) and 15 years old (2008) age series, respectively. The soil organic carbon stocks were 1.1025 t ha-1, 0.6253 t ha-1, 1.2019 t ha-1, 1.4070 t ha-1 and 0.7615 t ha-1 for 11 years old (2012), 12 years old (2011), 13 years old (2010), 14 years old (2009) and 15 years old (2008) age series, respectively. The study also revealed that the 14-year-old (2009) age series had the highest carbon stock, and the total carbon stock estimate was 151,850.84 t. The potential cash value of the carbon stock was also estimated at 56,606,951.50. Correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between most of the growth variables and carbon stock. The regression equation (Y = -596.48 + 27.16 THT + 1238.34 DBH, Adj R2 = 82.7%) showed that DBH and height of trees are suitable for evaluating the carbon stock in the study area.
... The carbon content in plants can be determined by calculating the biomass (Prakoso et al. 2017). The age, diameter, and height of the tree have a big impact on the amount of biomass it produces (Chayaporn et al. 2021;Rifandi 2021;Santosa et al. 2020). The increase in the diameter of the rod determines how much carbon is absorbed in a stand, which is the result of photosynthesis (Afriansyah et al. 2019;Maruapey and Irnawati 2019;Ruslim et al. 2021). ...
The diversity of plants and vegetation in the UNHAS City Forest has a positive impact on the environment. One type of plant species in the UNHAS urban forest is Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.). The community views Teak as a plant that only has economic potential because of the quality of its wood, but it is also necessary to know that this plant is suspected to have potential as an environmental service provider. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the ability of teak plants to absorb carbon dioxide. In this study, carbon stored in teak stands (Tectona grandis L.f.) was measured using a case study in the City Forest at the Hasanuddin University Campus. The method of collecting Emission data were collected from the Aksara Bappenas website, which was used to collect data on the potential of biomass in this study using non-destructive methods. The data collected included the diameter, height, and specific gravity of teak trees. The teak plant diameter was determined by surveying each individual teak plant. The emissions produced by Makassar City in 2022 will be 6,944,242.74 tons of CO2eq. Teak trees located in the urban forest of Hasanuddin University then succeeded in reducing 455.93-482.48 tons of CO2eq according to carbon absorption calculations. The economic value of carbon reserves located in teak stands in the urban forest of Hasanuddin University ranged from USD 206.76/IDR 2,998,020 tons/ha to USD 218.8/IDR 3,172,600 tons/ha.
