Precipitation variations which are mostly based on indirect measurements and observations from GMB, AWS and observations of the ELA on glaciers (Hagen et al ,1993).

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... general, the detailed processes of Arctic amplification are still discussed by various study's, but the outcomes are suggesting intrinsic reinforced feedbacks in all Arctic research areas ( Serreze and Barry, 2011;Goosse et al., 2018;Stuecker et al., 2018). Precipitation is generally about 400mm per year on the west coast of Svalbard and less inside the fjord systems which is visible in Figure 3. On glaciers or highly elevated peaks, the precipitation is higher but generally never more than 2 -4 m of snow accumulation. ...

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... most precipitation at the east coast is coming from low pressure systems and winds with an east wind direction. Therefore, the precipitation is varying a lot not only north south, east west but also locally, which is also shown in Figure 3 (Hagen, 1993). The amount of precipitation was observed to increase significantly (15 -25 %) at all stations in the Arctic during the last 90 years. ...

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... firn layer depth was estimated to be around 20 metres, derived from cores in 2009 (Wendl, 2014). Figure 63 in the Appendix shows Nordenskiöldbreen from the south facing Pyramiden and Ferrier fjellet and Terrier fjellet in the middle, on an old Aerial image made in 1936 by the North Polar Institute. This side shows the not surging, retreating ice stream from top to bottom, where the fieldwork for this thesis was conducted. ...

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... Von Postbreen, three snowprofiles were collected, two on Potpeschniggbreen and one on Phillipbreen. Again, extremely good visible in Figure 30, the temperature gradient shown as red line in the snowpack are influenced by the surface air temperature up to 1 metre deep. The two profiles from Potpeschniggbreen show similar characteristics and variations one would expect with elevation. ...

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... the points measured were collected exactly on the GPR track at Foxfonna which can be seen in Figure 22. The snow depth is also increasing on Foxfonna with elevation, but this varies a lot as seen in the plot in Figure 33. In Figure 34 there is again a correlation between convex terrain and little snow depth. ...

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... snow depth is also increasing on Foxfonna with elevation, but this varies a lot as seen in the plot in Figure 33. In Figure 34 there is again a correlation between convex terrain and little snow depth. The reason for the last two measurements which show very deep snow can be explained through the topography. ...

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... Garmin Montana GPS was used to collect the GPS coordinates. Figure 35 shows the location of the snow depth survey with the collected points. Figure 37 shows the increase of snow with elevation and a decent trendline. ...

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... 35 shows the location of the snow depth survey with the collected points. Figure 37 shows the increase of snow with elevation and a decent trendline. However, when comparing the elevation with the snow depth line as seen in Figure 36, it is visible that compared to the top, the lower part of the glacier has quite high snow depths. ...

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... 37 shows the increase of snow with elevation and a decent trendline. However, when comparing the elevation with the snow depth line as seen in Figure 36, it is visible that compared to the top, the lower part of the glacier has quite high snow depths. This could be explained by the easterly winds, which transport the snow down the glacier but also by the fact that the end of survey was on a convex hill and therefore resulted in very little snow depths. ...

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... Garmin Montana GPS was used to collect the coordinates. Figure 38 shows the elevation and snow depth relation. It can be seen that the snow depth increases linear with the elevation except for some points especially around 550 to 650 m a.s.l.. ...

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... can be seen that the snow depth increases linear with the elevation except for some points especially around 550 to 650 m a.s.l.. The location where this happens, is having less snow due to a topographical feature as seen in Figure 39. The area is rather convex, and the wind can transport snow more easily and move it to more concave terrain. ...

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... 5 m long core on Drønbreen was also drilled in the base of a snow profile ( Figure 43). The warmest recording at the core was -2.4 °C, which is also quite warm. ...

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... has still some firn left, to draw conclusions on its future development, more years of monitoring of the firn zone is needed. However, the firn core on Drønbreen ( Figure 43) with 5 metres depth showed the warmest temperatures at -2.4 °C and it showed dense layers at the bottom. Further, the GPR radargrams indicate a firn depth of around 10 metres depth ( Figure 26) which could indicate a densification and thinning of firn due to increased melt processes. ...

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... Drønbreen snow depth is increasing a lot with elevation ( Figure 39) whereas on Foxfonna ( Figure 34) snow depth is increasing but not as much as on Drønbreen. This can be explained by local topography which is favourable for snow transport on Foxfonna due to an opening towards the east. ...

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... Drønbreen snow depth is increasing a lot with elevation ( Figure 39) whereas on Foxfonna ( Figure 34) snow depth is increasing but not as much as on Drønbreen. This can be explained by local topography which is favourable for snow transport on Foxfonna due to an opening towards the east. ...