Figure 4 - uploaded by Eqwan Roslan
Content may be subject to copyright.
![Power output of silicon solar cell at various temperatures [3]](profile/Eqwan-Roslan/publication/319163599/figure/fig2/AS:528524152762368@1503021385432/Power-output-of-silicon-solar-cell-at-various-temperatures-3.png)
Source publication
![Figure 3: Efficiency loss of solar panel vs. panel temperature[8]](profile/Eqwan-Roslan/publication/319163599/figure/fig1/AS:528524152324096@1503021385359/Efficiency-loss-of-solar-panel-vs-panel-temperature8_Q320.jpg)
![Figure 4: Power output of silicon solar cell at various temperatures [3]](profile/Eqwan-Roslan/publication/319163599/figure/fig2/AS:528524152762368@1503021385432/Power-output-of-silicon-solar-cell-at-various-temperatures-3_Q320.jpg)
Solar PV as a means of electricity generation has been widely adopted throughout the world, following its continuous cost reduction and international commitment to reduce production of Greenhouse Gases. However, the increment of operating temperature due to solar radiation and losses in absorption solar energy causes the performance of solar photov...
Similar publications
The increasing of global energy demand by 2.1% in 2017 which is more than twice the previous year's rate resulting in increasing of carbon dioxide emissions by 1.4% in the previous year after three years of remaining flat. Energy demand can be supplied by renewable energy which is more clean and help reducing carbon emissions. Strategic location of...
Citations
... It was noted that the PCM material with low T melt turns to liquid before the peak sunshine which results in restriction in the transfer of heat between the PV module and PCM. Following Indartono et al., the study by Eqwan M. R et al. [81] revealed that examining with inappropriate PCM adversely affects the heat removal from the PV module, even to the extent that under certain conditions, it rather increases the T PV than the conventional PV module. The main reason behind this negative impact is due to H m not being appropriately utilized [79,82]. ...
Several studies have concentrated on cooling the PV module temperature (TPV) to enhance the system’s electrical output power and efficiency in recent years. In this review study, PCM-based cooling techniques are reviewed majorly classified into three techniques: (i) incorporating raw/pure PCM behind the PV module is one of the most straightforward techniques; (ii) thermal additives such as inter-fin, nano-compound, expanded graphite (EG), and others are infused in PCM to enhance the heat transfer rate between PV module and PCM; and (iii) thermal collectors that are placed behind the PV module or inside the PCM container to minimize the PCM usage. Advantageously, these techniques favor reusing the waste heat from the PV module. Further, in this study, PCM thermophysical properties are straightforwardly discussed. It is found that the PCM melting temperature (Tmelt) and thermal conductivity (KPCM) become the major concerns in cooling the PV module. Based on the literature review, experimentally proven PV-PCM temperatures are analyzed over a year for UAE and Islamabad locations using typical meteorological year (TMY) data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) data source in 1 h frequency.
... Eqwan et al. [37] studied the effect of applying two different cooling methods for solar PV panels, which are using a heat sink for the first method and applying candle wax on the back plate of the solar PV for the second method. It was observed that heat sink cooling method overall decreased its performance and the PCM method increased its performance. ...
... Akbarzadeh et al. [37] discussed the passive cooling techniques. They used the thermosyphon to cool the solar cell with the concentrated light source. ...
The present era is highly oriented to harnessing of renewable energy at extreme levels. Day by day new technologies are searched and implemented for the same. The demand for the efficient solar photovoltaic is continuously increasing. Solar Photovoltaic is one of the most important applications of renewable energy field need to optimize to get more energy from the sun. These solar photovoltaics are very sensitive with respect to temperature. When the incident solar radiation falling on the surface of photovoltaic the surface temperature increases, this leads to a reduction in open circuit voltage and hence overall power output of the solar module decreases. The increase in temperature of the solar module surface deteriorates the conversion efficiency of the Photovoltaic cells. Therefore, it is needed to maintain the operating temperature of the solar PV cells as per standard operating values. It is necessary to cool the solar photovoltaic by effective cooling techniques so that it can remove heat and maintain it at standard operating temperature. This paper presents various cooling methods to improve the performance of solar photovoltaic. The main objective of this paper is to provide the comparative study of all the cooling technologies of the PV and PV/T systems and suggest a suitable cooling technique which can achieve a better result from every aspect of evaluation. Silicon Photovoltaic module has the unique feature to drop power when the temperature of the silicon increases, this is due to the characteristics of crystalline silicon solar cell. To overcome the power losses, different cooling technologies are employed to cool the surface of the solar module. The water spray cooling is one among the best option of all the cooling methods using water as a cooling substance. Cooling of the surface due to water circulation also washed out the dust particle from the surface.
It is important to use renewable energy technology efficiently for the
sustainable development of the society. Presently, the application of rooftop photovoltaic technology is increasing exponentially for energy generation. Government is also promoting lots of scheme for rooftop systems. But the operating performance of these system is limited by some climatic parameters like temperature relatively humidity, wind, and soiling. Temperature highly affects the yield of the photovoltaic
module. As temperature of module increases, the output power of module decreases. In this paper, the phase change materials (PCM) are used at the back side of the photovoltaic modules to reduce the cell temperature and increase the yield. Phase changing materials can store extra heat produced during the operation of photovoltaic module
in the form of latent heat which can be further utilized for heating or drying purpose. Two si-modules with different PV technology (monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon modules) and two integrated thermal (PV/T) systems of same configuration
were used to study the behavior of PCM. Higher output yield was recorded for the PV/T with the PCM compared to bared PV module. The output water temperature of the monocrystalline PV/T system was recorded less than PV/T with polycrystalline module. PV panel with PCM provides the hot water after the absence of the sun due to the absorbed heat in the PCM that can be further used for low heat application.
Rise in PV module temperature (TPV) majorly drops the electrical output of the PV system. This research presents a novel cylindrical tube PCM matrix that is not in physical contact with the PV module back surface unlike the existing PCM based PV module cooling techniques. This contactless PCM matrix prevents the PV module from thermal and physical stress, also it blocks thermal energy re-conduction from PCM to PV module. While stored thermal energy from PCM retransferred to the PV module during off-sunshine hours and also when the PCM turns to liquid TPV starts to rise abruptly, this contactless PCM matrix minimizes these issues as PCM matrix receives thermal energy by the mode of radiation and convection; Besides, PCM matrix surface area is not enclosed with the PV module back surface area that reduces the thermal stress and re-conduction. Developed PCM matrix is integrated beneath the PV module at particular distances of 6 mm, 9 mm and 12 mm to optimize the spacing between PV module and PCM matrix. It is found that 6 mm spacing PCM matrix reduced the TPV maximum of 2.5 °C compared to 9 mm and 12 mm spacing. This TPV reduction enhanced the PV module electrical output by 0.2 % than PV without PCM and it is observed that 6 mm is an optimal spacing for the radiation source PCM matrix.
