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Potential and current distributions and extent of occurrence of Leontocebus lagonotus in Ecuador. Grey circles indicate localities used in ecological niche modeling.
Source publication
Understanding the geographic distributions of primates is necessary to ensure effective conservation strategies. Nonetheless, many gaps persist in information regarding the range limits of platyrrhines. Leontocebus lagonotus is no exception; it is one of the least studied primates in Ecuador and its geographic limits are poorly known. We obtained 2...
Citations
... We considered both natural and anthropogenic barriers and filled gaps in our knowledge of this subspecies distribution. Model-based range maps are a promising tool that is currently being used to update the range distribution of an increasing number of species (Anderson, 2023;Garbino et al., 2015;Thorn et al., 2009;Tirira et al., 2021). ...
... The diagnostic characteristics used to distinguish the subspecies from their conspecific neighbors are summarized in Supporting Information: Table S2. When such direct confirmation was not possible, we followed Tirira et al. (2021) and used at least one of the following criteria: (i) data published in scientific literature; (ii) records carried out by experienced professionals; and (iii) records located unambiguously within the known subspecies' range. We excluded all records that did not meet at least one of these criteria. ...
... We used all confirmed records to establish the subspecies' elevation range. A polygon representing the subspecies EOO was created using a convex hull function that encompassed all confirmed occurrence records (i.e., IUCN extent of occurrence; Anderson, 2023;Tirira et al., 2021) surrounded by a buffer of approximately 1.5°. This polygon was considered to be the potential area of dispersal for the subspecies ( Figure 1) and was used as the model calibration area. ...
Saimiri cassiquiarensis cassiquiarensis (Cebidae) is a primate subspecies with a wide distribution in the Amazonian region of Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela. However, the boundaries of its geographic range remain poorly defined. This study presents new occurrence localities for this subspecies and updates its distribution using a compiled data set of 140 occurrence records based on literature, specimens vouchered in scientific collections, and new field data to produce model‐based range maps. After cleaning our data set, we updated the subspecies' extent of occurrence, which was used in model calibration. We then modeled the subspecies' range using a maximum entropy algorithm (MaxEnt). The final model was adjusted using a fixed threshold, and we revised this polygon based on known geographic barriers and parapatric congeneric ranges. Our findings indicate that this subspecies is strongly associated with lowland areas, with consistently high daily temperatures. We propose modifications to all range boundaries and estimate that 3% of the area of occupancy (AOO, as defined by IUCN) has already been lost due to deforestation, resulting in a current range of 224,469 km ² . We also found that 54% of their AOO is currently covered by protected areas (PAs). Based on these results, we consider that this subspecies is currently properly classified as Least Concern, because it occupies an extensive range, which is relatively well covered by PAs, and is currently experiencing low rates of deforestation.
... The Maxent model, which is based on niche theory, examines habitat characteristics using a set of species occurrence points and environmental variables (Phillips and Dudík 2008). The model has been regularly employed in research on possible mammalian habitats (Su et al. 2021;Sun et al. 2021;Tirira et al. 2021;Kufa et al. 2022). The model has the potential to contribute to biological conservation in two ways. ...
The golden snub-nosed monkey (GSNM), Rhinopithecus roxellana, is an endangered species on the IUCN Red List, and the Yuhe National Nature Reserve in Gansu is one of its principal habitats. The GSNM’s protection and management rely heavily on predicting its probable suitable habitat. The Maxent model was used to examine the habitat suitability of GSNM in the Yuhe Nature Reserve and surrounding areas. Infrared cameras used to monitor GSNM in 2019–2020 provided the model with data. Through analysis and screening, 23 distribution sites of GSNM and five environmental variables were included in the final model. The findings revealed that the Yuhe Nature Reserve’s area of appropriate habitat for GSNM was 248.43 km2, accounting for 52.79 percent of the reserve’s total area and that this was concentrated in the core zone. The Maxent model was optimized using the Kuenm package, and the resulting value reached an exceptional level of 0.948. A Jackknife test revealed that the mean diurnal range was the most important environmental factor affecting the distribution of GSNM (45.84%). Finally, the planning of the reserve was generally in line with the predictions, and the functional zoning could be altered accordingly. We advised extending the reserve southward based on the study’s findings, while strengthening the supervision of marginal areas of the reserve.
