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Population change in Ostrava and timeline of selected cases, (A) Lower Vítkovice area, (B) Michal Mine, (C) Mining Railway, (D) Coking plant Karolina, (E) Gable colony, (F) Alexander Mine, (G) Triple Hall Karolina, (H) Ema slag heap, (I) Vítkovice railway station (source: Alexandr Nováček, ČSÚ))
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Old industrial cities abound with extensive infrastructures, which however no longer suit the economic purposes, for which they were originally built. However either their demolition or a complete rebuilding of new is often not a viable option, and thus the issue of their smart reuse emerged in urban studies. In this paper we combine literature on...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... city of Ostrava is in terms of its popula- tion (290 450 inhabitants in 2018, ČSÚ 2018, see Fig. 1) the third largest city in Czechia and the core of the Ostrava agglomeration, which emerged in process of industrialisation in the 19th and 20th century (Hruška-Tvrdý et al. 2012). The develop- ment of Ostrava is inherently connected to heavy industry and resource exploitation (mining of hard coal, metallurgy, chemical industry and ...
Context 2
... of public space in city centre, which has its roots in urbanistic plans from socialism determined by needs of growing industry (see above). It is paradoxical that while socialist planners could terminate the Karolina coking plant, the recent mu- nicipality officials, who fight Ostrava's bad image, leave another coking plant called Svoboda (see Fig. 10) in operation in the Přívoz district. The persistent bad image of old industrial city is thus strengthened, as the limit values set for benzo(a)pyrene and other pollutants produced by coking with carcinogenic ef- fects are violated (Havrlant 2012). Since this effect of industrial production is against the global trend of a growing ...
Context 3
... socialist era industrialisation are still rather rejected or ignored, except for some examples such as the Poruba district (Zarecor & Špačková 2012). This claim is supported by comparison of the six 19th century industrial buildings that became pro- tected heritage monuments and the one from the so- cialist period (Vítkovice railway station, see Fig. 1), whose protection is asserted by experts and ac- tivists and opposed by the general public and public administration on different scales (Strakoš ...
Citations
... The physical characteristics of the site also play an important role, as some buildings and structures are more amenable to conversion (e.g., textile mills, warehouses), whereas others, such as headframes, power plants or blast furnaces are much less so (Oevermann & Mieg, 2014;Fragner, 2016;Stratton, 2000). Investors are often reluctant to engage in conversion projects due to the negative image of post-industrial areas (Alfrey & Putnam, 2003;Preite, 2016;Bosák et al., 2018;Moro, 2022). The aspect of location is, however, somewhat ambiguous. ...
The article discusses the process of converting industrial heritage for new uses in a large Central European metropolitan area (the case of GZM: Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolia – Metropolis GZM). The aim of the research is to investigate the distribution of industrial heritage sites and to identify the factors influencing their current use. The methods include desk research (analysis of documents and database queries), field research and spatial analysis. The research has found 119 preserved industrial heritage sites, whose distribution reflects the historical spatial pattern of industrialisation and the priorities of the restructuring policy. To date, 70 sites have been converted, with commercial and institutional uses dominating and residential and recreational uses being much less common. Although minor differences in the average distance of industrial heritage sites from the city centre, shopping centre, university, train station or motorway exit depending on their current use have been observed, they were not statistically significant.
... В работе Bosák V., Nováček A., & Slach O. предложено использовать результаты оценки внутренних особенностей инфраструктуры с учетом общих мировых тенденций для достижения более высокого уровня конкурентоспособности промышленного региона [6]. ...
Regional governments set the task for agricultural product manufacturers to ensure the food security of the region, expand the volume and range of goods produced by local manufacturers. However, agricultural product manufacturers face serious problems in ensuring their safety and subse-quent processing due to a lack of storage space for manufactured products and insufficient processing capacity. The purpose of this study is to assess the current state of the agro-industrial complex and the consumer market of the Sverdlovsk region and to identify promising areas for its development. The indi-cators of the state and development of the agro-industrial complex and the consumer market of the Sverdlovsk region are considered, the analysis of the availability of storage space for agricultural prod-ucts produced in the region is carried out, the most promising investment projects of the regional agro-industrial complex are studied. The solution of the tasks set makes it possible to determine the directions for the development of the regional agro-industrial complex.
... 280,000 inhabitants in 2021; Č SÚ, 2021), part of the country's second-biggest urban agglomeration after the capital Praha (Rumpel and Slach, 2012). It is a relatively young city located in eastern Czechia, whose main growth took place during the 19th and 20th centuries as a result of industrialization and development connected with heavy industry (metallurgy and chemical industry) and hard coal mining (Bosák et al., 2018). However, political decisions related to the urban planning directives in the late 1940 s and 1950 s in Ostrava led to depopulation, neglect, and even completely demolished city parts (Slach et al., 2019). ...
... However, political decisions related to the urban planning directives in the late 1940 s and 1950 s in Ostrava led to depopulation, neglect, and even completely demolished city parts (Slach et al., 2019). Demographic causes of constant depopulation since the 1990 s include low birth rates or migration, but also major economic causes, such as economic restructuring of heavy industry (Bosák et al., 2018;Ž enka et al., 2021), besides highly concerning environmental pollution (Rumpel and Slach, 2012;Slach et al., 2019). Following deindustrialization and the demolition of former industrial structures, Ostrava has remained with the largest share of brownfields (8.4% of its total urban area) among Czech cities with over 100,000 inhabitants (Kunc et al., 2014). ...
... Industrial heritage is probably the most commonly identified asset in industrial towns. These are tangible remnants of older industrial production, such as industrial sites, buildings and landscapes, which are commonly converted for tourism use (Bosák et al., 2018) or other forms of brownfield development (Kantor-Pietraga et al., 2021;Marot and Harfst, 2021). However, Görmar and Harfst (2019) caution that this may be too narrow an understanding of what industrial culture can offer, and that intangible aspects are even more important for new path development. ...
The aim of this chapter is to summarise extant research on industrial SMSTs to identify
future research gaps. First, the issue of definitions is addressed. Then, previous research on industrial SMSTs is discussed in four parts: socioeconomic performance, deindustrialisation, single-company towns and sociocultural assets. Finally, possible avenues for further research are identified and concluding remarks are made.
... Industrial heritage is probably the most commonly identified asset in industrial towns. These are tangible remnants of older industrial production, such as industrial sites, buildings and landscapes, which are commonly converted for tourism use (Bosák et al., 2018) or other forms of brownfield development (Kantor-Pietraga et al., 2021;Marot and Harfst, 2021). However, Görmar and Harfst (2019) caution that this may be too narrow an understanding of what industrial culture can offer, and that intangible aspects are even more important for new path development. ...
Exploring current debates on the topic, this book maps out an agenda for theory, research and practice about the role and function of small and medium-sized towns in various contexts and at different territorial scales. Chapters highlight new insights and approaches to studying small and medium-sized towns, moving beyond the ‘urban bias’ to provide nuanced thought on these spaces both in terms of their relation to larger cities, and in terms of implications related to their size.
... Some researchers have even contended that the future of reuse "will be predominantly led by the private sector" [36]. Even so, researchers have also supported the view that the public sector needs to play a leading role in reconstruction and reuse projects [36,43]. ...
The reconstruction and reuse of industrial heritage has constituted important means for the protection of that heritage, and has played a crucial role in promoting urban renewal and sustainable urban development. In this study, we reviewed 404 pieces of literature on industrial heritage reconstruction and reuse published in the past five years (January 2017 to August 2022), which includes the most representative studies (those published in key journals in the field) or the most influential studies (those highly cited). We then used three keyword tools (WordStat, Weiciyun and CiteSpace) and conducted keyword extraction, analysis and meaning presentation of 404 studies, finally identified three main research themes: (1) the current barriers to industrial heritage reconstruction and reuse, (2) the coping strategies for industrial heritage reconstruction and reuse, and (3) the evaluation of the effects of industrial heritage reconstruction and reuse. Our results revealed and clarified the latest trends in international research. Meanwhile, we also pointed out the inadequacies of the current research, such as ignoring important topics and the limitations of research methods. We hope that our research could inspire future research on industrial heritage reconstruction and reuse.
... The decline leaves along a number of unused residential and industrial buildings that undergo physical decay and imply environmental, economic, and social degradation of the areas (Rumpel et al., 2010). From an urban design perspective, a commonly suggested solution to urban decline are renewal or regeneration policies to revitalise abandoned sites and enhance local communities, e.g., through the redevelopment of brownfield sites (Pizzol et al., 2016;Bosák et al., 2018). However, such actions often do not consider possible effects on Flood Risk Management (FRM; Haase, 2009) and they, in fact, may induce changes in both local and the city-level patterns of vulnerability and exposure leading to conflicting impacts on flood risk and overall city health. ...
Urban areas are hot spots of flood risk due to how urban development concentrates people and assets into hazard prone areas, reinforcing negative externalities on the welfare of urban residents. Mitigating flood risk in urban environments, however, is challenging. This is not only because the process generating flood risk is complex, but the objectives of city planners, residents and/or developers are also multi-faceted. Therefore, there are various trade-offs to be considered. One such problem across many areas of Europe and beyond is how to regenerate declined urban areas, to improve the welfare, prosperity, and image of the city. However, in turn, many areas within these cities will see this activity being traded-off against increased flood risk. Cost-benefit analysis represents a useful approach for assessing this trade-off, as a decision-support tool. In this paper we present an exploratory cost-benefit analysis of a potential urban regeneration project within the city of Ústí nad Labem (Czechia) that seeks to highlight the potential magnitude of such trade-offs that need to be more often actively considered as a core, rather than peripheral, element of urban regeneration. We present an exploratory framework that can be expanded upon and integrated into wider regeneration visions.
... However, incorporation of industrial heritage into the development endeavour of local or regional actors is conditioned by its specific conceptualizations related to a particular set of cultural values, expectations, heritage discourses as well as quality of institutions relating to its potential for bringing a city/region on new development paths. Such preconditions as well as territorial contexts and public awareness of industrial heritage (Feifan Xie 2015) vary across both the institutional domains and space and, as a result, industrial heritage may help to (re-)construct the image of some localities, while posing a barrier for development in others (Bosák et al. 2018). To illustrate the different conceptualizations, values and expectations associated with industrial heritage, we will present and discuss in this paper our findings from the survey of perception of industrial heritage in the Ústí nad Labem Region (in Czechia) by representatives of local and regional authorities, managers of regional industrial companies and various NGOs and cultural organizations. ...
Cyberplace, like cyberspace is ‘defined by interaction; however, its interactions are explicitly embodied in space/time’ (Meek 2012: 1430). A piece of research designed to investigate the virtual perception of two cyber places (Wellman 2001, Meek 2012, Devriendt et al 2008) in the tourist gaze (Urry 2011) was interrupted by unexpected findings. Contrary to expectations, the data revealed a huge disparity in the use of social media relating to tourism in Galway, Ireland and in Lecce, Italy. Accordingly, the enquiry has since focused on trying to answer what then became the key research question: what factors might account for the uneven construction of the cities’ digital images? The paper begins by presenting the findings of a sentiment analysis study undertaken over the period July 1st 2019 – December 1st 2019. This highlighted a very sizeable disparity in the level of engagement with social media by tourists in the two cities. The data suggest that while Lecce is very visible in the digital sphere, Galway, in contrast, has a very weak, almost invisible, presence. This is contrast to its actual performance as a leading tourism city, not only in Ireland but internationally. Earlier this year, the city was described as being “Brilliantly bohemian”, and was named “one of the world’s top cities for travellers in 2020” by travel guide Lonely Planet.
The paper then reports the findings of the second phase of the study investigating the digital promotion strategies adopted by the two cities. This involved in-depth interviews with key policy actors and in-depth analysis of policy and strategy documents. Armed with these findings, the researchers then returned to the literature to seek to identify and explain the reasons that might be at play. Initial conclusions point to the key role played by institutions and policy actors in constructing communication policies and actively developing a culture of digital engagement among tourists (Marques and Borba 2017). Overall, in highlighting the unevenness of cyber space they support the views of Lepawsky (2014) and others who point to the uneven geographies of digital practices and presences. The politics of geographical knowledge production (Kitchin 2013) is shaped by the influence of hegemonic social relations and so particular knowledges come to be privileged over others. In this case, the differential emphases placed on tourism as a mode of production and the variable efforts of the communication strategies in the two cities have been shown to produce differential consequences for the construction of virtual tourism imaginaries.
... Based on the above definition, this article believes that the ice and snow industry is an industry produced through the development of ice and snow resources and emerges from the discovery of the intrinsic value of ice and snow resources [18,19]. e ice and snow industry develops the local characteristic economy, which is a new path to optimize the industrial structure of cold cities and a new breakthrough point for reform and innovation in the new century. ...
Ice and snow economy is an economy characterized by ice and snow, and its foundation is ice and snow resources. The ice and snow economy covers the tertiary industry of ice and snow activities, and its core power comes from ice and snow tourism, which promotes the common development of manufacturing, transportation, catering, retail, and other industries. This paper studies the low-carbon effect measurement analysis of the structural adjustment of the ice and snow industry based on artificial intelligence, which proves that the economic benefits and carbon emissions of the structural adjustment of the ice and snow industry will be greatly improved after the addition of artificial intelligence technology. For this research, a series of investigation experiments are conducted, and the ice and snow industry in Heilongjiang Province is selected for analysis. First, the important position of artificial intelligence technology in today’s information society and its practicality are fully analyzed, and then its feasibility in combination with the structural adjustment of the ice and snow industry is analyzed. Second, it analyzes the characteristics of the structural adjustment of the ice and snow industry while taking into account its requirements for measuring low-carbon effects. The mathematical model of industrial structure optimization based on low-carbon constraints is adopted in the application model of artificial intelligence technology in the adjustment of the ice and snow industry structure, and the effects of carbon emissions before and after structural adjustments in the ice and snow industry are calculated to achieve a better industrial structure adjustment plan. Experimental data shows that with the help of artificial intelligence in the process of structural adjustment of the ice and snow industry, the average income of residents has increased by nearly 7%, and the transformation of the ice and snow industry’s contribution to the reduction of carbon emissions has rapidly increased to 12.24%.
... Within the paradigm of evolutionary economic geography (EEG), Hassink et al. (2019) propose a new research agenda and outline four new avenues of research exploring the reasons why some regions succeed in nurturing the rise and further development of new paths while others fail. Bosák et al. (2018), in their discussion of the case of an old industrial city (Ostrava), show that in order to become more competitive, old industrial areas Сопоставление ключевых стратегических показателей дополняется пространственным анализом инвестиционной активности регионов по территории и типу инвестиций. Результаты. ...
Relevance. The study investigates the structural and technological imbalances impeding Russian regions' transition to sustainable development. Research objective. The study aims to describe and test an original methodological approach by using the case of a large industrial region in Russia – Sverdlovsk region. The proposed approach can provide a framework for the analysis of federal and regional strategies of long-term innovation and investment development, especially their industrial and spatial priorities. Methods and data. The study relies on official statistical data covering a five-year period. A special focus was made on the strategies' key indicators, which were then compared with the long-term goals and targets of industrial and spatial development. The comparison of the key strategic indicators is supplemented by spatial analysis of regional investment activity by territory and type of investment. Results. The study shows the need to align regional investment strategies with the strategies and policies of industrial, innovation and spatial development. For Sverdlovsk region, the study has revealed a pattern of spatial distribution of investment, which tends to concentrate in old industrial areas, that is, large cities and their agglomerations where the main production facilities are located. Conclusion. The study identifies the drawbacks of regional strategies and shows why the strategies fail to fulfill their function in the general system of strategic planning.
