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The study of electrical impedance applied to food has become a method with great potential for use in the food industry, which allows the monitoring and control of quality processes in a safe and non-invasive way. Recent research has shown that this technique can be an alternative method to determine the floral origin of the honey bee (Apis mellife...
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... percentage of predominant pollens of the five samples in which the pollen analysis was carried out is: Sample 1: Echium 50%; Sample 2: Echium 62%; Sample 3: Echium 74%; Sample 4: Brassica 57%; Sample 5: Lavender 50%. Table 2 shows the percentages of pollens identified according to the analysis method indicated above: 2022,12,1929 5 of 14 ...Context 2
... percentage of predominant pollens of the five samples in which the pollen analysis was carried out is: Sample 1: Echium 50%; Sample 2: Echium 62%; Sample 3: Echium 74%; Sample 4: Brassica 57%; Sample 5: Lavender 50%. Table 2 shows the percentages of pollens identified according to the analysis method indicated above: 2022,12,1929 5 of 14 ...Citations
... The use of impedance spectroscopy and neural networks for rapid determination of honey floral origin [42][43][44][45] Impedance, resistance, Randles model ...
... These phenomena may be due to mass transport processes, which are important for the ionic characteristics of honeys. The observed differences in this range may be related to differences in the chemical composition and water content of the tested samples [42,[68][69][70][71]. ...
... High frequencies in electrical measurements allow for determination of parameters such as resistance or diffusion time constants, while diffusion phenomena related to the movement of ions in the honey structure may appear in the low-frequency range [42]. ...
This study aimed to determine the possibility of deploying an innovative electrical method and to establish the usefulness of conductivity and dielectric parameters for assessing the quality of Polish honeys, as well as for distinguishing their botanical origin. An attempt was also made to determine which standard physicochemical parameter could be replaced by conductivity and dielectric parameters. The experimental material consisted of seven varieties of honey (linden, rapeseed, buckwheat, goldenrod, phacelia, multifloral, acacia), obtained from beekeepers from northern Poland. Their quality was assessed based on their physicochemical parameters, biological activity, and color. Electrical parameters were measured using a measuring system consisting of an LCR meter, and own-construction sensor. Conductivity (Z, G) and dielectric (Cs, Cp) parameters were measured. Statistical analysis of the results of measurements of electrical parameters of the seven types of honey tested allowed classifying them in terms of their conductivity properties into two groups of single-flower honeys and one group of multi-flower honeys. This proves the feasibility of identifying their botanical origin using the electrical method, which is characterized by non-invasiveness, measurement speed, and high sensitivity. The usefulness of parameters Z and G in replacing quality parameters was confirmed mainly for single-flower honeys: buckwheat, linden, rapeseed, and phacelia.
... A honey sample is classified as monofloral if it contains pollen in quantities exceeding 45% of the remaining pollen identified. In any other case, a honey sample is characterized as heterofloral [26,27]. In our previous research work, the botanical origin of thyme and chestnut honeys was evaluated, and the percentage of pollen in thyme honey was 47.19% and 64.98% for chestnut honey [25]. ...
The aim of the present study was to validate the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and preventive potential against benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced DNA damage of nine samples of thyme and chestnut honeys enriched with bee products (royal jelly and propolis, 2–10%). Cell viability was determined by the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay (0–250 mg/mL) to select nontoxic concentrations, and DNA damage (0.1–10 μg/mL) was evaluated by the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis or comet assay. Treatment with honey samples or royal jelly and propolis did not affect the viability of HepG2 cells up to 100 and 50 mg/mL, respectively. Treatment with 100 μM BaP significantly increased (p ≤ 0.001) the levels of the DNA strand breaks. None of the tested concentrations (0.1–10 μg/mL) of the honey samples (thyme and chestnut), royal jelly, and propolis caused DNA damage per se. All tested samples at all the concentrations used decreased the genotoxic effect of BaP. In addition, all mixtures of thyme or chestnut honeys with royal jelly or propolis showed a greater protective effect against BaP than the samples alone, being the thyme and chestnut honey samples enriched with 10% royal jelly and 10% propolis the most effective (70.4% and 69.4%, respectively). The observed protective effect may be associated with the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the studied samples. In conclusion, the thyme and chestnut honey samples enriched with bee products present potential as natural chemoprotective agents against the chemical carcinogen BaP.
In this work, the polyphenolic composition of honeys from three different floral origins (chestnut, heather, and thyme), coming from different geographical areas of Spain was investigated. First, samples were characterized in terms of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity, which was established by three different assays. The results revealed that the studied honeys presented similar TPCs and antioxidant capacities, with a wide variability within each floral origin. Next, a comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography method was developed for the first time to establish polyphenol fingerprints of the three types of honeys, after optimizing the separation in terms of column combination and mobile phase gradient programs. After that, the detected common peaks were used for the construction of a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model able to discriminate honeys according to their floral origin. The LDA model obtained was adequate for the classification of the floral origin of the honeys based on polyphenolic fingerprint data.
