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Thousands of wooden architecture can be found almost anywhere in Indonesia, delivering different shapes and carpentry technique in the form of palaces, religious buildings, houses and even simple barns. Uncontested, all of these have already become national treasures without having them be officially promoted as national heritage. One of the most i...
Citations
... Cultural heritage as a national treasure has to keep its importance by socialization and conservation of various stakeholders [5]. Some cultural heritage buildings in Indonesia generally use wood materials on their main structures. ...
... Masonry construction is an important part of the architectural heritage of many nations (Sacco et al. 2018), but wood-based construction was also part of the progress of humanity, and wood is considered one of the oldest and most consistently applied materials (Swoboda 1975;Calil and Dias 1997;Rampazzo and Sponchiado 2000;Pfeil and Pfeil 2003;Radkau 2011;Klein and Grubner 2015;Gosselin et al. 2017), providing various shapes and carpentry techniques in the form of palaces, simple barns, religious buildings, and houses (Wibowo 2015). Timber structures enable wide variations in shape, assembly, and manufacture techniques (Wraber 2009;Gonçalves et al. 2014). ...
In the current competitive market, production efficiency and product quality are prioritized by the whole industry. Machinery characterization is an understudied topic, particularly in those sectors focused on basic raw material production, processing, and/or heavy industrialization. For this reason, the wooden housing sector requires evaluation to identify its mechanical potential and support future policies dealing with industrial development. This study aimed to identify the equipment and machinery from Brazilian timber housing producers. Such a sectoral study involved individual personal data collection by way of face-to-face interviews. Sampled producers were asked about equipment/machinery size, drying process availability, and the range of overall obsolescence from these devices. Thus, tools, portable machines, and medium-sized machinery exhibited the highest popularities, revealing a lower industrial level. Most of these producers do not have machined drying processes because of the demand for static infrastructures. The low obsolescence was a result of the greater utilization of compact equipment, which is easier to replace because of its low cost. Lower-cost machinery could also stimulate in the creation of new businesses for this sector.
... The architecture of China is as old as its civilization. Together with European and Arabian architecture, ancient Chinese architecture is an important component of the world architectural system [1,2]. Since the Tang Dynasty, Chinese architecture has significantly influenced the architectural styles of Korea, Vietnam, and Japan. ...
A multiple terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) integration approach is proposed for the fine surveying and 3D modeling of ancient wooden architecture in an ancient building complex of Wudang Mountains, which is located in very steep surroundings making it difficult to access. Three-level TLS with a scalable measurement distance and accuracy is presented for data collection to compensate for data missed because of mutual sheltering and scanning view limitations. A multi-scale data fusion approach is proposed for data registration and filtering of the different scales and separated 3D data. A point projection algorithm together with point cloud slice tools is designed for fine surveying to generate all types of architecture maps, such as plan drawings, facade drawings, section drawings, and doors and windows drawings. The section drawings together with slicing point cloud are presented for the deformation analysis of the building structure. Along with fine drawings and laser scanning data, the 3D models of the ancient architecture components are built for digital management and visualization. Results show that the proposed approach can achieve fine surveying and 3D documentation of the ancient architecture within 3 mm accuracy. In addition, the defects of scanning view and mutual sheltering can overcome to obtain the complete and exact structure in detail.
