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Pietro Saccardo, stratigraphical section of southern facade of San Marco in Venice. After Boito 1880.
Source publication
The article is a tribute to the pioneering role of Klavs Randsborg in the early Nineties in search for a new comprehensive chronology for Italian and European prehistory based on a combination of dendrodates with C14 dates. The debate of the last 25 years on this matter is presented, demonstrating a scholarly split, in particular in Italy. At the s...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... catalogue of the Boni archive, preserved in Milan (Paribeni & Guidobaldi, in press), a notebook dated 1885 in which Boni cites a section made by Pietro Saccardo, an engineer who, like Boni, worked in the "Fabbrica di San Marco" in Venice. This section was published by Camillo Boito in his 1880 book Architettura del Medioevo in Italia (Boito 1880; Fig. 6) to refute William Morris' idea, a founder of the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings in 1879, that the church was built on a stratum of mud and canes: «Now precisely the opposite fact is demonstrated: the robust platform of elm is surmounted by a double bed of heavy oak or durmast oak planks, and this is in turn surmounted ...
Context 2
... worked in western Liguria at almost the same time (1940)(1941)(1942), conducting the fi rst large-scale stratigraphic excavation of a recent prehistoric site, the cavern at Arene Candide, which immediately became a milestone for Neolithic archaeology in the central Mediterranean (Guilaine 2003; for general overview, see Pelegatti & Spadea 2004) (Fig. 16-17). Bernabò Brea then applied his excavation method in Sicily, where he served as Superintendent of Antiquities for 30 years , and in Greece, at Poliochni. In Sicily he excavated, among others, both multi-layered sites occupied from prehistory through the Classical era, such as the acropolis of Lipari and urban areas of the Classical-era. ...
Citations
... In the central and western Mediterranean, where sites have been dated using Greek ceramics, the traditional dates have been called into question following radiocarbon analyses suggesting a higher/older chronology than traditionally assigned (Randsborg 1991;Nijboer et al. 2000;Nijboer 2005;van der Plicht et al. 2009;Guidi 2018). Such observations are supported by older dates obtained from stratified contexts in the Aegean (Wardle et al. 2014;Gimatzidis & Weninger 2020). ...
In this article, the authors present an analysis of radiocarbon dates from a stratified deposit at the Greek Geometric period settlement of Zagora on the island of Andros, which are among the few absolute dates measured from the period in Greece. The dates assigned to Greek Geometric ceramics are based on historical and literary evidence and are found to contradict absolute dates from the central Mediterranean which suggest that the traditional dates are too young. The results indicate the final period at Zagora, the Late Geometric, should be seen as starting at least a century earlier than the traditional date of 760 BC.
... The ongoing excavations at Monte San Nicola are contributing to our understanding of both the site itself and the pottery typochronology of the Bronze Age-Iron Age transition in the Sibaritide. To begin with the latter, we want to reiterate here that few archaeometric date ranges are yet available in the Sibaritide to anchor the ongoing debate on the absolute chronology of Italian protohistory (Guidi 2018). We are now establishing the first firm link between relative chronology based on pottery classification and absolute dates for the FBA3 in the Sibaritide, using a detailed analysis of secure stratigraphic contexts containing typological parallels dating to the broad phase FBA-EIA at other sites in the region (Ippolito & Van Leusen 2020). ...
We report here on the first two seasons of excavations by the Groningen Institute of Archaeology (the Netherlands) at two settlement sites in the foothill zone of the Sibaritide coastal plain (northern Calabria, Italy). The work is throwing new light on finds assemblages unique to the transitional period of the Final Bronze Age–Early Iron Age, a poorly understood period in southern Italy, and is helping to resolve methodological questions about the interpretation of non-invasive archaeological and geophysical survey data. The finds so far excavated, supported by radiocarbon dates, form one of the first ‘pure’ FBA–EIA transitional assemblages, and thus contribute to fill a significant typochronological hiatus with wider implications for protohistoric archaeology in the region. It is also becoming clear what long-term effects mechanized ploughing has on slope processes and soil profiles typical for the region, knowledge that will help us understand the results of the wider field surveys and geophysical investigations conducted since 2000 in the Raganello River basin.
Astonishingly little is known about the early history of the chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus). To better understand their spatiotemporal spread across Eurasia and Africa, we radiocarbon dated presumed early chicken bones. The results indicate chickens were an Iron Age arrival to Europe and that there was a consistent time-lag of several centuries between their introduction to new regions and incorporation into the human diet. Well-dated evidence for Britain and mainland Europe suggests chickens were initially considered exotica and buried as individuals, were gradually incorporated into human funerary rites, and only much later came to be seen as just ‘food’.
In central and northern Italy, the first millennium BC was characterised by the rise of urbanism and an expansion of nearly every area of production. Agriculture was no exception, and an increase in the scale and intensity of agricultural production sustained, and was sustained by, economic and population growth. Within this context, animal management also evolved to meet the needs of the changing protohistoric landscape. Pigs grew in importance as meat producers, and a greater emphasis was placed on animal-derived products like wool. These changes can be linked to the subsistence requirements of urban populations and the value of raw materials; however, beyond these functional explanations, the wider socio-economic context of animal husbandry is rarely explored. This paper aims to bridge the gap between the zooarchaeological evidence for livestock production and the socio-economic transformations that drove animal management. Three aspects of protohistoric husbandry are explored through discussion of pig, cattle, sheep, and chicken exploitation: greater differentiation in livestock production between different site types, specialisation of animals through selective breeding, and the adoption of new forms of livestock. These lines of evidence demonstrate the role of animals in socio-economic networks of distribution and dependence, and they highlight the importance of agricultural produce in the articulation of social hierarchies. As in the transformation of other forms for material culture during this of this period, livestock husbandry regimes were not simply the deterministic result of wider socio-economic change, but a medium actively adapted for its expression.
