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There is a growing interest in airport-based solar plant installations around the world. The buffer zone area in airports can effectively be utilized by tapping solar energy. However, it possesses concern for air safety and navigation mainly from the possible glare of the PV array. The objective of the study is to analyze the technical performance...
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... arrangement is advantageous during plant breakdown. For a simpler layout, it is taken that a single section consists of 32 rows of PV modules and each row contains 20 numbers of solar modules. Apart from sitting in PV modules, space is needed for inverter rooms, fencing, remote office etc. The general layout for the solar PV system is given in Fig. 8. ...
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Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three different primary schools in Kuantan by purposive sampling. With consent from their p...
Citations
... Its wide range of uses includes both on-grid and off-grid power systems. Implementing large-scale operations in photovoltaic (PV) power plants is a considerable difficulty due to the substantial land required for installation as explained by Sreenath et al., (2020). Then, as predicted by Rosa-Clot & Tina (2018), Land-based solar power facilities have an average demand of 0.50-0.70 ...
The growth and development of floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) power plants is a prominent topic within renewable energy technology. One reason contributing to this desired technology design concept is the possibility of land acquisition issues, whereas the usage of the ocean provides a greater technical alternative area. The objective of the research is to present an innovative design for a floating structure, focusing on investigating and comparing the seakeeping performance of several hull configurations: catamaran, trimaran, quadrimaran and pentamaran. The final computational simulation results indicate a linear negative trend in the motion response graphs, particularly in specific significant response values for heave (Global Z), roll (Global RX), and pitch (Global RY), as the hull configuration increases.
... They also proposed a general sitting procedure for an airport-based solar PV system compatible with airport and aviation sectors. Land utilization, airport weather, and soil conditions are significant technical challenges of airport-based solar PV applications that can be overcome by prior planning, glare assessment, and careful implementations [4]. Farooq Sher et al. developed a mathematical model to evaluate the feasibility of a 12 MWp solar PV plant at Doncaster Sheffield Airport, UK [5]. ...
Airports strive for a greener energy transition to minimize their carbon footprint and greenhouse gas emissions. The installation of solar or wind turbines is gaining significance among stakeholders working in sustainable airports. This study focuses on developing Biratnagar airport as a completely greener airport by identifying suitable sites for installing Solar and wind farms within the premises without compromising on safety aspects, including glare occurrence and environmental and electrical safety. PVSYST V6.8.7 and HOMER V2.81 software are used to simulate the performance of PV and wind turbine power plants. Three sizes of Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) of EOLO 15 kW, Tree tree-shaped wind Turbine (TSWT) 58.5 kW and TSWT 585 kW have been used for the Simulation. A sensitivity analysis of various parameters, including interest rates, wind speed, and wind turbine types, has been carried out to study the cost of energy generation in grid-connected mode. According to the study, a 157 kWp solar PV power plant is sufficient for Biratnagar Airport to become Nepal's first fully green-powered airport. The project's Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) equals 0.141 $/kWh if wind energy is used to supply part of the electricity with the annual wind electricity production of 23,184 kWh. The combined 15 kW wind turbine-grid scenario is superior to the grid scenario for wind speeds of more than nine m/s and interest rates of less than 10%. These findings increase airport authorities' and stakeholders' confidence in the investment in greener airports.
... They also proposed a general sitting procedure for an airport-based solar PV system compatible with airport and aviation sectors. Land utilization, airport weather, and soil conditions are significant technical challenges of airport-based solar PV applications that can be overcome by prior planning, glare assessment, and careful implementations [4]. Farooq Sher et al. developed a mathematical model to evaluate the feasibility of a 12 MWp solar PV plant at Doncaster Sheffield Airport, UK [5]. ...
Airports strive for a greener energy transition to minimize their carbon footprint and greenhouse gas emissions. The installation of solar or wind turbines is gaining significance among stakeholders working in sustainable airports. This study focuses on developing Biratnagar airport as a completely greener airport by identifying suitable sites for installing Solar and wind farms within the premises without compromising on safety aspects, including glare occurrence and environmental and electrical safety. PVSYST V6.8.7 and HOMER V2.81 software are used to simulate the performance of PV and wind turbine power plants. Three sizes of Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) of EOLO 15 kW, Tree tree-shaped wind Turbine (TSWT) 58.5 kW and TSWT 585 kW have been used for the Simulation. A sensitivity analysis of various parameters, including interest rates, wind speed, and wind turbine types, has been carried out to study the cost of energy generation in grid-connected mode. According to the study, a 157 kWp solar PV power plant is sufficient for Biratnagar Airport to become Nepal's first fully green-powered airport. The project's Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) equals 0.141 $/kWh if wind energy is used to supply part of the electricity with the annual wind electricity production of 23,184 kWh. The combined 15 kW wind turbine-grid scenario is superior to the grid scenario for wind speeds of more than nine m/s and interest rates of less than 10%. These findings increase airport authorities' and stakeholders' confidence in the investment in greener airports.
... The performance of each solar PV power plant grid-connected (SPVP) has been analyzed using the technical indices based on the available data collected on-site, such as the performance indicators developed by the International Energy Agency (IEA) within the Photovoltaic Power Systems Program, which were established initially by the IEC standard 61724 [29][30][31][32][33]. In this study, data were recorded every 30 min and the monitoring system was designed according to IEC 61724 [30] where many parameters, such as solar irradiance, ambient temperature, and power generation, are measured instantly. ...
... It represents the overall impact of energy production losses in a solar PV system and remains independent of the system's installed size and location. Consequently, it serves as a valuable metric for comparing the performance of PV plants installed worldwide [33]. The performance ratio is mathematically defined as the ratio between the final yield "Y f " of the PV system and the reference yield "Y r ", expressed as follows [32]: ...
Currently, for the determination of the suitable and optimal PV power plant according to the climate conditions of the concerned region, researchers focus on the estimation of certain performance factors, which are reported to be the key parameters for the analysis of the performances of gridconnected photovoltaic (PV) power systems. In this context, this paper focuses on on-site real-time analysis of the performance of three solar photovoltaic plants: Sidi-bel-Abbés (12 MWp), Laghouat (60 MWp), and Ghardaïa (1.1MWp). These plants are located in different regions experiencing diverse climatic conditions in Algeria. The analysis was carried out by the standardized norms of IEC 61724, using monitoring data collected over one year. The photovoltaic power plants were evaluated in terms of performance factors, such as the reference yield (Yr), final yield (Yf), performance ratio (PR), and
capacity factor (CF). On the other side, based on real data collected at the concerned sites, two linear functions depending on solar irradiance and the PV module temperature for each site are proposed for the evaluation of the generated alternative power output (PAC) for the three PV plants. The obtained results based on the study presented in this paper can help designers of PV power plants of
different technologies and different climate conditions to precisely decide the convenient technology that allows the best production of the electrical energy for grid-tied PV systems. Furthermore, this study can contribute in giving a clear vision of the implementation of upcoming large-scale solar PV power plants in Algeria within the studied area and other areas.
... Sreenath et al. [22] used Solar GIS software to study the technical performance of a proposed solar PV facility in the vicinity of Kuantan Airport, Malaysia, taking into account the occurrence of glare. The estimated range of the monthly average final yield is 90.70 MWh/MWp-month in December to a maximum of 125.70 MWh/MWp-month in March. ...
... This can be seen from the support of the Indonesian government by setting policies on new and renewable energy for 2030 [3]. The public service sector such as airports has begun to adopt renewable energy source because it is considered more environmentally friendly [4]- [6]. ...
A solar panel will be exposed to sunlight when in use, which causes its temperature to increase. The performance of power production will be impacted if the solar panel's temperature conditions are too hot. High-temperature solar panels can reduce the amount of electrical energy generated. To prevent the temperature of the solar panels from rising too much, a cooling system is required. The proposed solution of this research is a cooling system for solar panels that makes use of heat transfer through water. The solar panels tested in this study have a tilt angle of 20 degrees. The cooling device has dimensions of 400 mm length, 278 mm width, and 20 mm height, with a wavy-type vortex generator positioned in the cooling device mounted on the underside of the solar panel. As a result of the heat flux applied to the top surface of the solar panel, it causes an increase in temperature. The resulting voltage and electric current are reduced. Computational simulations were carried out to determine the performance of the type of vortex generator used. At a cooling water flow rate of 200–600 ml/min, heat transfer with a vortex generator type B works optimally.
... Among various renewable power plants, solar power plants are the most common and widely used in different countries [5]. However, a large-scale photovoltaic (PV) energy plant needs a huge amount of area for implementation which is sometimes a great challenge [6]. In addition, it has also some challenges when the plant is in the implementation and generation phase, for example, deforestation, bird mortality, erosion, runoff, and microclimate change [7]. ...
The installation of large-scale photovoltaic (LSPV) power plants is a solution to mitigate the national energy demand in Bangladesh. However, the land crisis is one of the key challenges for the rapid growth of ground-mounted LSPV plants in Bangladesh. The per unit cost of energy from ground-mounted PV systems is rising as a response to numerous difficulties, particularly for large-scale electricity generation. To overcome the issues with land-based PV, the floating photovoltaic (FPV) could be a viable solution. To the aspirations of the Sustainable and Renewable Energy Development Authority (SREDA), this article has investigated the feasibility of constructing a floating solar plant at Hatirjheel Lake in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The lake is an excellent spot to build an FPV plant due to its geographic location and climatic conditions inside the capital city. In this paper, the design of the plant and tariff are carried out using the PVsyst simulator. It is found that the optimum cost of energy for the plant is $ 0.0959/KWh, which is lesser than the currently operational ground-mounted PV plants in Bangladesh. Additionally, the projected 6.7 MW plant can meet 12.5 % of the local energy demand. Furthermore, the FPV plant is capable to cut off 6685 tons of CO2 annually. A reduction in power costs and environmental protection would assist the government of Bangladesh in achieving the sustainable development goals and electricity generation target of 6000 MW from solar photovoltaics by 2041 as well.
... Moreover, the continued development of passive exoskeletal systems that can support workers' back and core muscles as they perform construction manual handling tasks (Antwi-Afari et al., 2021) is an emerging area of research that could be applied to solar installation work. Finally, research can explore how other hazards (e.g., glare from panels, electrical tasks) might increase manual handling or MSD risks and the potential for other dangerous accidents (Chiabrando et al., 2009;Sreenath et al., 2020b;Sreenath et al., 2021), such as fall accidents. ...
The adoption of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology and infrastructure are increasing rapidly to meet the ever-growing global need for renewable energy sources. An obstacle to solar PV growth is the severity of the occupational safety risks associated with their installation. Although PV installers are known to experience some of the most significant and widespread construction-related occupational safety risks, PV installer accident investigation research, reporting, and verification are limited. To contribute to this literature gap, this paper conducts a systematic literature review to understand and present the occupational safety risks, mitigation measures, and current and potential safety research areas associated with PV installations. A systematic literature search for relevant articles was conducted from October 2021 to January 2022 using the Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and PubMed databases identifying 365 articles by their title. After screening these articles with various selection criteria, 31 articles were selected as relevant to the research questions of this study. These selected articles identified electrical and fire risks, heat stress, manual handling risks, and fall risks as the major occupational safety risk categories associated with PV installations. This study can aid solar installation companies, occupational safety professionals, and policymakers in gaining a deeper understanding of the safety risks and mitigation measures associated with PV installations as they develop protocols and guidelines to safely support the solar workforce's development.
... For instance, Choudhary et al. [12] reported the design calculations for estimating the minimum inter-row distance between PV arrays. Sreenath et al. [13] designed a PV array, inverters and transformers for a hypothetical SPV power plant in Malaysia. Ong et al. [14] collected land use data of different solar projects and concluded that 5.5 acres per MWac are required for fixed-tilt SPV power plants in the USA. ...
Solar farms are becoming a crucial part of the renewable energy mix. Yet, the literature has not reported a generalized approach to its design. In this regard, this paper attempts to provide a detailed plan of a 5-MW grid-connected solar farm. In addition, the procedure to analyze the land footprint of the solar plant is also developed. At first, the main components of the solar farm are selected qualitatively. Then, using an excel spreadsheet, the sizing of photovoltaic (PV) array, inverters, combiner boxes, transformers, cables and protection devices is carried out. Finally, the land footprint analysis of the proposed solar farm was carried out mathematically. The proposed solar PV power plant comprises 13 490 numbers of PV modules with a 365-W rating. Nineteen numbers of PV modules will constitute a string. One hundred forty-two numbers of strings will be connected to an inverter of 1 MW rating. The energy output from five such inverters will be fed to the nearest electric substation using a transformer of 1 MVA capacity. The DC and AC cables having a voltage drop of less than 1% are selected. The inter-row distance and ground coverage ratio (GCR) are estimated as 1 and 0.78 m, respectively. The required number of mounting module structures is found to be 710. The proposed solar farm’s total land use requirement is ~43768.41 m2 (around 3 acres). It was observed that the sizing of solar plant components mainly depends on the electrical parameters of the PV module and inverter selected by the designer. Similarly, the land use requirement is influenced by the inter-row distance and PV site layout. This research is expected to streamline the different approaches of solar farm design, which will be beneficial to energy professionals and policymakers.
... There remain several aspects of cleaning wet dust-fall for NEM application in Malaysia about which relatively little is known and where comprehensive research is lacking. Previous studies in Malaysia are limited to haze effect [26], glare analysis (simulation) [27], dust accumulation [4]. Researchers in Malaysia analyzed only dust adhesion without any cleaning system. ...
Wet dust on the Photovoltaic (PV) surface is a persistent problem that is merely considered for rooftop based PV cleaning under a high humid climate like Malaysia. This paper proposes an Automated Water Recycle (AWR) method encompassing a water recycling unit for rooftop PV cleaning with the aim to enhance the electrical performance. This study makes a major contribution by developing a new model to correlate output power ( $$P_{out}$$ P out ) and dust-fall factor. For model validation, we conducted an experiment of taking one set of Monocrystalline PV (mono) on a $$340\frac{W}{m^{2}}$$ 340 W m 2 of medium luminance day. One mono module was cleaned by AWR - pressurized water sprayed through 11 small holes over its front surface, while the other module was left with no-cleaning. The dust-contaminated water was filtered and collected back to the tank for recycling process. The water loss per cleaning cycle was achieved 0.32%, which was normalized to net loss of 28.8% at a frequency of 1 cycle/day for 90 days of operation. We observed that $$P_{out}$$ P out of no-cleaning PV was decreased by 29.44% than that of AWR method. From this experimental data also, a unique and more accurate model is created for $$P_{out}$$ P out prediction, which is much simpler compared to multivariables equation. Our investigation offers important insights into the accuracy of this regression model demonstrated by $$R^{2}=0.744$$ R 2 = 0.744 or a strong negative quadratic relationship between $$P_{out}$$ P out and dust-fall. The cleaning of PV modules is expected to save significant energy to reduce the payback period.
Article Highlights
An automated water recycle method for cleaning dust-fall in rooftop photovoltaic module is proposed.
Both simulation and experimental models are developed to predict output power of the photovoltaic module.
Proposed method can produce 24.40% more output power than a no-cleaning system with a mere water loss of 0.32%/cycle.
