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Phylogenetic tree of the Disterigma lineage based on maximum likelihood inference of combined matK and ITS data. Maximum likelihood bootstrap values (BS; 50%)/Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP; 0.9) are indicated above branches. Values lower than 50% (BS) or 0.90 (BPP. are indicated by hyphens (-)). The scale bar indicates the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.
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More than 12,000 species have been listed under the category of berries, and most of them belong to the orders Ericales and Rosales. Recent phylogenetic studies using molecular data have revealed disagreements with morphological approaches mainly due to diverse floral arrangements, which has proven to be a problem when recognizing species. Therefor...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... phylogeny of Disterigma included concatenated data (1274 bp for matK and 686 bp for ITS) from 32 individuals. Based on the multilocus tree obtained from the ML and BI analyses (Figure 6), the specimens were identified as D. synanthum Pedraza ( KUELAP-264, KUELAP-275) and D. ecuadorense Luteyn (KUELAP-285). The former species was characterized by pale green floral bracts and a white corolla ( Figure 9D). ...
Context 2
... includes 37 species distributed along cold mountain ecosystems of Central andSouth America (Pedraza-Pe~ nalosa, 2008, 2009). Of these, 11 species were reported from Peru (Pedraza-Pe~ nalosa, 2008, 2009WCVP, 2021), and only three species were reported in the Amazonas region (i.e., D. baguense Pedraza; D. ulei Sleumer and D. weberbaueri Hoerold) (Pedraza-Pe~ nalosa, 2009;WCVP, 2021 Figure 6). Although D. ecuadorense was considered endemic to Ecuador and D. synanthum to Colombia (Pedraza-Pe~ nalosa, 2008), the analyses of this study confirmed the wider distribution of these species. ...
Citations
... In South America, various berries are distributed and grow wild. There are species such as the tree grape (Myrciaria cauliflora), small blackberry (Rubus spp.), agraz (Vaccinium meridionale), blueberry (Vaccinium corimbosum), arazá (Psidium cattleianum), jaboticaba (Plinia cauliflora), Cavendishia spp., Disterigma spp., and coral blueberry or motilón (Hyeronima macrocarpa) [1][2][3]. This type of fruit is small, round, and characterized by having an intense red or violet color, with strong flavors, slight acidity, sweet tones, and widespread acceptability as a nutraceutical [4]. ...
... The change in absorbance was recorded at two wavelengths (530 nm and 700 nm) in a Multiskan Spectrum spectrophotometer (Thermo-Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). The total anthocyanin content was calculated using Equation (1), and cyanidin-3-glucoside was used as a reference. The amount of total anthocyanins in the extracts was expressed as milligrams equivalent of cyanidin-3-glucoside/100 g of pulp [72]. ...
This study investigated the effect of different storage temperatures (35-55 °C) on the bio-active substances and antioxidant properties of Hyeronima macrocarpa berries loaded on nanocellu-lose. NC was extracted from banana pseudo-stems and presented an interesting surface and poros-ity properties. The acidified ethanol extract showed better anthocyanin extraction (1317 mg C3G eq./100 g FW) and was used for the preparation of the powdered product, which presented an intense and uniform magenta color, with CIELAB parameters of L* = 59.16, a* = 35.61, and b* = 7.08. The powder exhibited significant stability at storage temperatures of 35 and 45 °C, in which there was no significant loss of anthocyanins or a decrease in antioxidant capacity. In addition, the color was stable for up to 4 months without adding any preservative agent. The anthocyanin-rich extract of H. macrocarpa reached an estimated shelf-life of 315 days (stored at 35 °C), as a result of the im-pregnation process between the extract and NC, with the ability to protect the bioactives from degradation , due to NC surface properties.
Berries consumption is on the rise due to consumer awareness of their health benefits.
Berries are abundant in polyphenols and phenolic compounds, which include phenolic acids, tannins, stilbenes, and flavonoids (anthocyanins, flavonols, flavanones, flavones and flavanols). Several in vivo and in vitro studies, as well as controlled clinical trials, indicated their consumption could improve health by exerting antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antilipidemia, antiinsulinemia, and antihypertensive effects against cancer, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Berries are presently regarded as functional foods with prebiotics effects to benefit the gut microbiota and improve overall health. This chapter will discuss the current research on berries and their potential health benefits.
The Peruvian Andes are the natural habitat of several wild blackberry species that are little known and exploited due to the lack of technological and scientific development to support their agricultural potential. In this context, a study was conducted to understand the physicochemical composition, bioactive compounds, antimicrobial activity, and in vitro multiplication of four wild blackberry (Rubus sp.) species from the northern Peruvian highlands. The results indicate that fruits of R. floribundus presented the highest content of total soluble solids (9.58 ± 1.83°Brix) and titratable acidity (1.88 ± 0.07% citric acid). The fruits of R. weberbaueri recorded the highest total phenolic content (415.06 ± 8.69 mg GAE/100 g Ff). The antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH assay varied significantly among species, with the highest value found in fruits of R. andicola (50.27 ± 0.11 mg TE/100 g Ff). The fruit extracts of R. weberbaueri and R. andicola showed better antimicrobial activity, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most sensitive bacterium. In the in vitro multiplication phase, the results show that BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) has a significant effect at a dose of 1.5 mg l⁻¹ on shoot number, leaf number, and shoot length. The results may help in the management of genetic resources.