Fig 1
Pethia ticto sample and photo were taken by the author (Md. Yeamin Hossain) from the Padma River (lower part of the Ganges), northwest, on 9 June 2014
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The threatened Ticto barb, Pethia ticto is a small indigenous fish species, widely distributed in the natural waters of Asian countries. Previously it was known as Puntius ticto. Natural populations have been reduced seriously to the verge of extinction due to excess exploitation and ecological changes in their natural habitats. This paper suggests...
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Context 1
... small fish, P. ticto ( Fig. 1), is a fresh and brackish-water, subtropical species which is commonly known as "ticto" or "two-spot" barb ( Hossain et al., 2012 is an important target species for small scale fishers (Rahman, 1989). It is a source of animal protein and micronu- trients in the diet of rural small-scale farmers ( Roos et al., 2007). (Rahman, ...
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Citations
... Morphometric and meristic characteristics, including Length-Weight Relationships (LWRs) (Hossain et al., 2016b(Hossain et al., , 2017b, and length-length relationships (Hossain et al., 2006(Hossain et al., , 2016c of many threatened species of Bangladesh, are well documented, but none covers a large quantity of linear dimensions. However, only a few conservation studies including LLR and LWR have been done on the ticto barb (Hossain et al., 2009a(Hossain et al., , 2009b(Hossain et al., , 2015aHossain, 2010Hossain, , 2014Kaushik & Bordoloi, 2015). Therefore, the present study illustrates the morphometric and meristic traits of P. ticto from the Ganges River, northwestern (NW) Bangladesh using a number of specimens with a wide variety of body sizes. ...
The present study illustrates the morphometric relationships including Length-Weight Relationships (LWRs) and LengthLength Relationships (LLRs) using a total of 13 linear dimensions and meristic characters of the threatened ticto barb Pethia ticto (Hamilton, 1822) in the Ganges River through multi-linear dimensions. A sum of 100 specimen of P. ticto was sampled occasionally from the Ganges River during July 2014 to October 2015, using various traditional fishing gears (e.g., cast, gill, and square lift net). Counts of fin rays and scales (including lateral line scale) were done by a magnifying glass. Additionally, here total 1 4 different morphometric lengths were assessed to 0.1 cm, and Body Weight (BW) was measured to the nearest 0.1 g for each individual. The fin formula of P. ticto is: dorsal, D. 10–11 (ii/8-9); pectoral, P 1 . 12 (ii/10); pelvic, P 2. 8- 9 (ii/6-7); anal, A. 7-8 (ii/5-6); and caudal, C. 20–24 (iv /16–20), respectively. Total Length (TL) was recorded as minimum (4.9 cm) and maximum (9.5 cm), whereas Body Weight (BW) was varied from 1.5-12.9 g. All
LWRs were highly significant (p < 0.001) with r2 values ≥ 0.987. Based on r2 value, LWR by BW vs. TL was the best-fitted model among 14 equations. In addition, the LLRs had also significance with r2 values ≥ 0.986. According to r2 values, LLR by TL vs. FL was the best-fitted model among 13 equations. The present study is very effective for species recognition in the Ganges River, NW Bangladesh and in other river systems in its vicinity.
... Previously it was abundant in rivers, lakes, canals and reservoirs (Pethiyagoda et al., 2012), but now the wild populations are declining due to various ecological changes to their habitat (Hossain, Hossain, Islam, et al., 2015;Hossain, Hossen, Ahmed, et al., 2015;IUCN Bangladesh, 2000;Mijkherjee, Praharaj, & Das, 2002). Therefore, it is categorized as vulnerable in Bangladesh (IUCN Bangladesh, 2000); lower risk near threatened in India (Balasundaram, Arumugam, & Murugan, 2000); threatened in Sri-Lanka (IUCN Sri-Lanka, 2000); and globally recognized as list concern (IUCN, 2016). ...
Some aspects of reproductive biology of Pethia ticto (Hamilton, 1822) from the Gorai River of southwestern (SW) Bangladesh were investigated by regular monthly samples for a period of one year during July 2010 to June 2011. A sum of 1200 specimens (male = 454 and female = 746) were collected using cast net, lift net and conical trap. Total length (TL) and Body weight (BW) were measured with slide caliper and digital balance, respectively for each individual. Based on gonadosomatic index (GSI), modified gonadosomatic index (MGSI) and Dobriyal index (DI) first sexual maturity was 4.30 cm TL for male and 4.80 cm TL for female. Also, on the basis of higher values of GSI, MGSI and DI spawning season was ranged from April to September for P. ticto in the Gorai River ecosystem. The fecundity was ranged from 2230–8450 with a mean value of 4779 ± 1578. In addition, there was a significant relationship between total length and fecundity (r2 = .931, p < .001); body weight and fecundity (r2 = .943, p < .001). Therefore, the findings of this study would be very effective for sustainable management of this threatened species in the Gorai River and surrounding ecosystem.
... Previously it was abundant in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs (Pethiyagoda ef a:.,2012), but now the wild populations are declining due to various ecological changes to their habitat (IUCN Bangladesh, 2000;Hossain et al., 2015). Therefore, it is categorized as vulnerable in Bangladesh (IUCN Bangladesh, 2000); and globally recognized as list concern (1UCN,2016). ...
... Previously it was abundant in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs (Pethiyagoda ef a:.,2012), but now the wild populations are declining due to various ecological changes to their habitat (IUCN Bangladesh, 2000;Hossain et al., 2015). Therefore, it is categorized as vulnerable in Bangladesh (IUCN Bangladesh, 2000); and globally recognized as list concern (1UCN,2016). ...
This study focuses the sustainable management of fisheries resources on the basis of first sexual maturity, spawning season and stock status i. e., mortality and exploitation rate. Here, a very tiny fish, Pethia ticto has been used as model species for its sustainable management. A total of 1200 individuals were sampled from July 2010 to June 2011 from the Padma River northwestern Bangladesh. For each individual of a species, body weight (BW), gonadal weight (GW) and total length (TL) were measured. On the basis of gonadosomatic index, the first sexual maturity was 4.3 cm for male and 4.8 cm in TL for female P. ticto. The monthly changes of GSI indicate the spawning season extends from April to September and peak spawning season is in June-July. The fecundity was ranged from 2230-7991. Total mortality was 2.67 and 7.14 year-1, and natural mortality was 1.66 and 2.74 year-1 for male and female, respectively. Also, the fishing mortality was 2.01 and 4.40 year-1 for males and females in the Padma River. Exploitation rate was 58% for male and 62% for female. But we have found maximum exploitation rate would be 57% for male and 54% for female. That means 1% for male and 8% for females are over exploited. These findings should be urgently considered for sustainable management and conservation of the fishes in the Padma River and surrounding ecosystems.
... paradiseus is quite deficient from Bangladesh or any other country of the world except a recent study 26 . Nevertheless, a number of studies on different species have been conducted in Asian countries 10,41,42,43,44,45 . In this study a total of 900 individuals were sampled and it was not possible to catch P. paradiseus smaller than 7.30 cm in TL and 3.80 g in BW, which can be attributed due to absence of smaller size individuals (<7.30 ...
A total of 900 individuals (pre-monsoon = 250, monsoon = 350, post-monsoon = 300) of P. paradiseus were collected from the fishers catches during January to December 2014. For each individual, TL (total length) and BW (body weight) were measured with 0.1 cm and 0.1 g accuracy, respectively. Length weight relationship (LWR) was estimated by the equation, W = a × Lb. Length-frequency distributions (LFD) were significantly different between the seasons (P < 0.001). Allometric coefficient (b values) of LWRs (TL vs. BW) indicated isometric growth in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon (b ≈ 3), but negative allometric growth was found in monsoon (b < 3). All LWRs were highly significant (P < 0.001) with all r² values ≥ 0.984. The LWRs were significantly difference between the seasons (ANCOVA, P < 0.001). The KF is highly correlated with TL (Spearman rank test, P < 0.001) in all the seasons, thus suggesting the best condition factor for assessing the wellbeing of this fish in our study area. Additionally, the WR was significantly different from 100 (Wilcoxon rank test, P = 0.003) in pre-monsoon, which indicates the habitat was in poor condition for P. paradiseus, nevertheless it was not significantly differed in monsoon (P = 0.0186) and post-monsoon (P = 0.423). The calculated Lm was 12.1 cm in TL and form factor was 0.0061 for P. paradiseus in the Tetulia River. © 2017, National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR). All rights reserved.
... paradiseus is quite deficient from Bangladesh or any other country of the world except a recent study 26 . Nevertheless, a number of studies on different species have been conducted in Asian countries 10,41,42,43,44,45 . In this study a total of 900 individuals were sampled and it was not possible to catch P. paradiseus smaller than 7.30 cm in TL and 3.80 g in BW, which can be attributed due to absence of smaller size individuals (<7.30 ...
... Ticto barb inhabits still shallow, marginal waters of tanks and rivers, mostly with muddy bottoms. It feeds on crustaceans, insects, plankton, plants and other benthic invertebrates (Hossain et al., 2015). Mortality of fish species was mainly due to lowered dissolved oxygen levels, which needs to be improved on priority in Ulsoor Lake through the introduction of aerators (water fountains or introduction of ducks). ...
Recent episodes of large-scale fish mortality in Ulsoor and Devarabisanahalli lakes of Bangalore city, Karnataka has necessitated field investigations to understand the causal factors. Analysis of water samples and fish samples reveal that the fish-kill in Ulsoor Lake and Devarabisanahalli lake were due to asphyxiation with a sudden and considerable fall in dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in some locations caused by the sustained inflow of untreated sewage. Sudden increase in temperature (>34 °C) has enhanced biochemical activities of the micro biota (algae, bacteria) as well as plant respiratory rate leading to depletion of dissolved oxygen. Higher temperature in sewage fed aquatic ecosystem increases the level of ammonia, BOD, etc.
Major agents of deteriorating lake ecology and biodiversity in any water body are due to the irresponsible act of
• sustained inflow of untreated sewage into the lake, which increase the organic content in the lakes enhancing biological activities (evident from higher BOD and ammonia);
• introduction of exotic fish species (such as African cat fish, Tilapia, etc.); and
• dumping solid waste in the lake bed. Major fraction (70-75%) of solid waste is organic, and the nutrients leaches to the water body.
... Ticto barb inhabits still shallow, marginal waters of tanks and rivers, mostly with muddy bottoms. It feeds on crustaceans, insects, plankton, plants and other benthic invertebrates (Hossain et al., 2015). Mortality of fish species was mainly due to lowered dissolved oxygen levels, which needs to be improved on priority in Ulsoor Lake through the introduction of aerators (water fountains or introduction of ducks). ...
... Factors causing the decline of the species should be identified and the necessary measures should be taken to conserve its preferred habitats (Hossain et al., 2008;2009b;2015a). Also, fishing practices should be totally banned during the spawning season (Hossain et al., 2015b;2015c). The conservation status of E. vacha should be developed through effective habitat protection, public awareness programs and ranching. ...
River catfish Eutropiichthys vacha is one of the foods high in nutritional value in Asian countries. However, natural populations have seriously declined or are on the verge of extinction due to over-exploitation and various ecological changes in its natural habitats, leading to an alarming situation which deserves high conservation attention. This paper suggests conservation measures that should be taken into account towards the preservation of the remnant isolated population of E. vacha in Asian countries. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture. All rights reserved.
... Factors causing the decline of the species should be identified and the necessary measures should be taken to conserve its preferred habitats (Hossain et al., 2008; 2009b; 2015a). Also, fishing practices should be totally banned during the spawning season (Hossain et al., 2015b; 2015c). The conservation status of E. vacha should be developed through effective habitat protection, public awareness programs and ranching. ...
River catfish Eutropiichthys vacha is one of the foods high in nutritional value in Asian countries. However, natural populations have seriously declined or are on the verge of extinction due to over-exploitation and various ecological changes in its natural habitats, leading to an alarming situation which deserves high conservation attention. This paper suggests conservation measures that should be taken into account towards the preservation of the remnant isolated population of E. vacha in Asian countries.
