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Percentage of students with positive response for Orman test questions. It appears that 150 students spend more time insuring the internet (Q1); 125 students feel that they have a problem in limiting the time spent on the internet (Q2); 120 students told their friends or family members complained about their time spending with computer (Q3); More than 150 students find it hard to stay away from the internet for several day set a time (Q4); 70 students feel either their workout put or personal relationships suffered as a result of spending too much time on the internet (Q5); 140 students said particular areas on the internet, or types of files, sites, they find hard to avoid (Q6); a few number of students, 30 in number said that they had trouble to control their impulses to purchase items, products, or services on the internet (Q7); 40 students tried, but were unsuccessful to curtail their use of the internet (Q8); 160 students derive much of their pleasure and satisfaction in life from being on the Internet (Q9).
Source publication
Objectives: The adolescents have increased the use of the Internet not ably over the last few years. Here we investigate the prevalence of Internet addiction among ado- lescents and identify the school-level factors on Internet addiction.
Materials and Methods: This was a school-based cross-sectional study with 279 stu- dents aged 14 - 17 years in...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... 190 students of the responded (68.1%) found it is hard for them to stay away from the inter- net for several days at a time (question-4). Most of the students answered positively to questions 1, 4 and 9. Figure 2 presents the prevalence rate of no, moderate and severe internet addic- tion according to the Orman's Internet addiction scale. Among the surveyed adolescents we found 2.51% are severely Internet addicted, and 64.87% have the moderate Internet addiction. ...
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Citations
... Problematic use of smartphone has become a serious concern both familial and professional domains in our country also. In Bangladesh, various studies have claimed that internet use by the adolescents is increasing very rapidly and it turn into a matter of serious concern and some of them termed it as addictive use (Islam & Hossain, 2016;Afrin et al.,2017;Mahmud et al., 2020). In their study, Rashid et al., (2021) reported that 67.11% of the secondary school students use mobile phones on a daily basis whereas reported that prevalence of problematic internet use was near about 33% among their sample respondents. ...
The prevalence of uncontrolled usage of smartphone with internet connection by the school going adolescents has become a serious concern for Bangladesh. The overuse of smartphone may have negative impact on the interpersonal relationships of adolescents. Keep this issue in mind, the purpose of this article is to assess the usage pattern of smartphone among the school going adolescents and its impact on their interpersonal relationships. In this regard both quantitative and qualitative research approaches have been adopted. The sample size of the quantitative part is comprised of 120 school going adolescents of class six to ten from three selected schools in Dhaka city. In addition, in-depth interviews with six adolescents for case studies and three (Guardian, psychologist and Teacher) for KIIs have been conducted for collecting qualitative data. Adolescents use smartphone and spend most of their time on virtual world and have little direct communication with their parents. They become irritate if their parents try to deter them from over use of smartphone. This article suggests that it is necessary to educate adolescents as well as parents about the consequences of excessive use of smartphone.
... PIU refers to behaviors that can cause problems related to the Internet, whose use can become dysfunctional and have serious effects on people's well-being, especially in young adults (Machimbarrena et al., 2019). In addition, there is evidence that college students are a high-risk group for the development of PIU (Afrin et al., 2017;Frangos et al., 2010;Islam & Hossin, 2016;Pettorruso et al., 2020;Polo del Rio et al., 2017;Rodrigues et al., 2020;Shadzi, et al., 2020;Uddin et al., 2016;Young, 2004). Before confinement, PIU prevalence rates varied across studies, from 14.3% to 54.9% (Islam & Hossin, 2016;Kitazawa et al., 2019;Laconi et al., 2014;Ramón-Arbués et al., 2020;Shadzi et al., 2020;Uddin et al., 2016;Tateno et al., 2018). ...
Background:
The aim was to estimate the rate of PIU in Spanish university students during the lockdown, taking sex and age into account, and to analyze its relationship with depression and suicidal ideation.
Method:
921 university students (55% women) from 18 to 30 years old (M = 24.8 years; SD = 3) participated.
Results:
The results showed that 21% of the participants presented PIU, 25.1% moderate depression, 2.1% severe depression, and 6.6% suicidal ideation. The 18 to 21-year-old age group presented the highest rate of PIU (37.8%). A positive correlation was observed between PIU and depression (r = .38; p ‹ .001), with a significantly higher mean score on the PHQ-9 (t(241.813) = -8.21; ‹ d = .78) in university students with PIU (M = 9.8; SD = 5.1) than those without it (M = 6.4; SD = 4.1). The rate of severe depression was six times greater (χ2 (3) = 73.25; p ‹ .001) in undergraduates with PIU (6.2%) than those without PIU (0.8%). Moreover, 3.6% of university students with PIU presented suicidal ideation.
Conclusions:
These findings establish the association between PIU and depression and suicidal ideation in the university population, providing novel contributions for prevention policies.
... Like other countries, Bangladesh has been experiencing IA, especially among its younger population, as they are more exposed to internet-related activities than their older counterparts. Studies suggest that young men, primarily students from economically well-off families living in urban areas, who spend more hours on the internet for academic or non-academic purposes, are more susceptible to IA (Afrin et al., 2017;Hassan et al., 2020). ...
... In Bangladesh, a few studies addressed IA and related issues in the pre-COVID-19 period (Afrin et al., 2017;Islam and Hossin, 2016;Jahan et al., 2019;Mamun et al., 2019); however, there has only been a single study conducted by Islam et al. (2020b), that has addressed problematic internet use (PIU) during the COVID-19 pandemic. They observed that an individual's sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, such as online behaviors, significantly determine the presence and absence of PIU. ...
Background
Globally, internet use has increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and internet addiction (IA) has become a severe public health issue. Therefore, this study aimed to assess IA prevalence among adults and identify its determinants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.
Methods
Using a cross-sectional design, this study recruited 608 participants through a self-administered online-based e-questionnaire. Young’s internet addiction test (YIAT) of 20 items was used to assess the prevalence of IA among adults in Bangladesh. Bivariate and binary logistic regression analyses explored the factors influencing IA.
Results
The overall prevalence of IA was 29.4% among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the addiction rate was 34.7% among participants under 20 years old. Tobacco smoking (AOR=1.88, 95% CI 1.15–3.06) and spending more time on the internet during the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR=2.12, 95% CI 1.11–4.05) were likely the reasons for IA among Bangladeshi adults. Participants aged over 24 years (AOR=0.33, 95% CI 0.15-0.72), living in rural areas (AOR=0.53, 95% CI 0.33-0.84), living away from family (AOR=0.45, 95% CI 0.26-0.79), attached to physical activity (AOR=0.37, 95% CI 0.25-0.54), and sleeping less than six hours (AOR=0.65, 95% CI 0.43-0.96) had a lower chance of IA during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion
This study has shown that the prevalence of IA was comparatively higher among younger participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Smoking, long-time use of the internet, physical activity status, and sleeping duration were the most significant determinants of IA. Thus, raising awareness among the younger generation is the most important strategy to reduce IA. The findings of this study can be used to support health and educational organizations design programs, which will help prevent IA in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic.
... In Bangladesh, there are numerous studies examining internet addiction, a broader form of FA (Mamun & Griffiths, 2019b). Two studies focused on adolescent students (Chandrima et al., 2020;Hossain et al., 2017), while the rest focused on university and medical students (Islam & Hossin, 2016;Jahan et al., 2019;Mamun & Griffiths, 2019a;2019b;Uddin et al., 2016). However, FA has only been examined once within a single university (University of Dhaka, Bangladesh) for students living in the country's capital (Mamun & Griffiths, 2019a). ...
Usage of the Internet has grown exponentially in the last two decades. Among the most likely to benefit from this are social networking sites (SNSs), which have become a staple of our day-to-day communication and recreation. The largest of these is Facebook, which was launched in 2004. Facebook has become a global behemoth, with billions of devoted users who often spend many hours on the service daily. As such, it has been suggested that Facebook addiction (FA) is a probable behavioral addiction. Despite being a flourishing research area, research on FA among university students in Bangladesh has been limited. The primary aim of this study was to determine the predictors of FA among university students and to find an association among socio-demographic, behavioral, and Facebook activity variables. This study was conducted between July 2020 and January 2021 and involved 326 participants from 11 departments in different faculties of Varendra University, Rajshahi. Firstly, the study focused on FA, and then we checked the participants’ Facebook addiction level (FAL). The risk factors were predicted to be gender, family status, amount of daily sleep, weekly study hours, parents’ monitoring, age, level of education, faculty, results of prior exams, marital status, number of male and female Facebook friends, etc. Future studies should include repeated observations of the same variables over short or long durations to identify FA-relevant factors among university students in Bangladesh.
... It also mentioned that adolescents who do not have any siblings are more at risk of developing an internet addiction (Afrin & Hossain, 2017). (Hassan et al., 2020b) has shown in their study that internet addiction was also more common among those who had a family relationship detachment. ...
This study analyzed sociodemographic information, the type and intensity of addiction, and its causes. It also compared students' current behavior to that before the covid-19 outbreak in Bangladesh and suggested solutions to solve the problem. This research is academic. It will increase knowledge barriers. It's supervised by faculty.
The qualitative case study method was employed to perform this study.
Purposive sampling yielded 21 respondents. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews. The adaptable thematic analysis method is used to analyze data.
According to the report, effective procedures and initiatives can prevent student smartphone and internet addiction. Fulfilling the positive needs of pupils, reducing smartphone and Internet use, encouraging them to read books, and engaging them in family activities could minimize the problem.
They studied less after the outbreak, unfortunately.
In this study, we show how the Internet and cellphones have influenced the personal, family, and educational life of Corona-affected secondary pupils. Future researchers will continue the study.
... To the best of researchers' knowledge, no analysis is yet performed on social media such as Facebook comprehensively during this pandemic covid-19. Most studies were conducted in Bangladesh on social media coverage of educational outcomes, the technical effect of academic performance of students, the influence of social media (Mamun & Griffiths, 2019;Afrin et al., 2017;Islam & Hossin, 2016;Jahan et al., 2019;Uddin et al., 2016). Therefore, determinants affected by behavioral intentions must be established during covid-19 for the continuous adoption of Facebook. ...
Behavioral intention and continued adoption of Facebook: An exploratory study of graduate students in Bangladesh during the Covid-19 pandemic
This study is designed to find out the fundamental reasons for students’ social media adoption during the Covid 19 epidemic in Bangladesh. The research object is to build a perceptual picture of the factors that will encourage and impact Facebook’s continued acceptance during this crisis. The sample was taken from 400 students from different universities in Bangladesh. Nine indicators (Trust, Perceived Usefulness, Privacy, Perceived Ease of Use, Subjective Norms, Educational Compatibility, Behavioral Intention, Personal Needs, and Continued Facebook Adoption) were used to experiment. The study results show that the fit indices of measurement model (fit /df = 1.436; GFI = 0.958; AGFI = 0.960; NFI = 0.947; CFI = 0.977; TLI = 0.978; SRMR = 0.031; RMSEA = 0.027; P-close = 1.00) are suitable and appropriate within their prescribed ranges. The mean, standard deviation, internal consistency (Cronbach Alpha > 0.7), composite reliability (CR > 0.8), and average variance extracted (AVE > 0.5) of each constructs are well and appropriate their recommended level which determine the designs of validity. The coefficient of all factors like Trust (0.29), Perceived Usefulness (0.19), Privacy (0.17), Perceived Ease of Use (0.26), Educational Compatibility (0.13), Behavioral Intention (0.45), Personal Needs (0.16), except subjective norms (0.01) have a meaningful and positive effect on the behavioral intention of Facebook that satisfactorily affects continued adoption behavior during covid-19. These observations illustrate the scientific rationale and views relevant to emerging economies like Bangladesh in the context of social media. Several implications have been presented based on the results.
... Internet addiction has been associated with a number of socio-demographic variables, time and patterns spent online, psychosocial factors, and comorbid symptoms/disorders (Carli et al. 2013;Kuss et al. 2017;Kuss et al. 2014). Common predictors of IA include socio-demographic factors (e.g., age, gender, residence, relationship status), as well as other factors including sleep disturbance, lack of physical activity, and job status (Afrin et al. 2017;Bener et al. 2018;Bener and Bhugra 2013;Islam and Hossin 2016;Lai and Kwan 2017;Vigna-Taglianti et al. 2017;Younes et al. 2016). Generalized IA has also been associated with a wide variety of excessive online behaviors including using the internet for academic purposes, communicating via social networking sites, online gaming, accessing online movie and music sites, viewing online sexually explicit materials and pornography, online gambling, and online shopping (Bener et al. 2018;Hoare et al. 2017;Simcharoen et al. 2018;Vigna-Taglianti et al. 2017). ...
... A study comprising six Asian countries found that the prevalence rate of IA using IAT with a cutoff score of ≥ 70 ranged between 14 and 51% (Mak et al. 2014). The global prevalence of problematic Internet use, using different criteria and tools, has been shown to range between 0.03 to 36.7% (Adiele and Olatokun 2014;Afrin et al. 2017;Dalbudak et al. 2014;Dieris-Hirche et al. 2017;Islam and Hossin 2016;Karim and Nigar 2014;Lee et al. 2016;Simcharoen et al. 2018;Uddin et al. 2016;Younes et al. 2016). ...
... Consequently, it is likely that online addictive behaviors have increased in Bangladesh over recent years. Although a few studies have been conducted in Bangladesh cities such as Chattagram (among high school students) (Afrin et al. 2017) and Dhaka (among university current students) (Islam and Hossin 2016;Karim and Nigar 2014;Uddin et al. 2016), problematic Internet use among recent graduate job seekers outside of Dhaka city have yet to be studied. Recent graduates are also an interesting population to study in this context because it is not known whether such a group would be more prone to IA (because they may have lots of spare time having just finished their educational studies but not yet in full-time employment) or less prone to IA (because they may be spending lots of time looking for full-time employment). ...
Although internet addiction (IA) has been the subject of research in many countries, it is poorly studied in Bangladesh, and previous studies in the country have not examined potential mental health risk factors in relation to the development of IA. The present pilot study attempted to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of IA among a convenience sample of recently graduated university students actively looking for a job (N = 284) from July to October 2018 in Rajshahi (a city in Bangladesh). The measures included socio-demographic and behavioral variables, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. Surprisingly, no cases of IA were identified in the sample (i.e., the prevalence rate of IA was 0%) which may have been a consequence of the specific population sampled. A total of 3.9% of the participants (n = 11) were classified as excessive users (≥ 60 in IAT). Using regression analysis, the risk factors for excessive internet use were spending more time online (> 5 h daily) and experiencing psychiatric conditions (i.e., depression, stress). It is hoped the present pilot study will facilitate further study in Bangladesh with a more in-depth focus on the socio-demographic and psychiatric morbidities in excessive and problematic internet use. It is also speculated that job-seeking may be a situational protective risk factor for developing IA.
... It was determined in the literature that there are differences according to gender in the relationship between internet addiction and selfesteem [7]. Mo et al. found in their studies that the association between internet addiction and self-esteem was stronger among males [85][86][87]. Mamun et al. and Younes et al. found that internet addiction was higher among males in their studies [59,60]. In addition, in another study, Mo et al. and Hossain et al. found that internet addiction was more common among women [58,61]. ...
Internet addiction has become a significant problem that primarily affects young people. It has an essential effect on the individual’s self-perception and assessment of their competencies. This study aimed to reveal whether there is a significant relationship between the level of internet addiction of university students and their age and self-esteem. For this purpose, internet addiction and self-esteem scales were used in addition to questions such as age, gender, the purpose of internet use, and internet daily usage time. We used a quantitative research method to obtain cross-sectional data from 400 Turkish young people using online surveys. Correlation, regression, mediation, and moderation analyses were performed using SPSS and the PROCESS macro plugin for data analysis. Internet addiction was significantly associated with self-esteem, gender, age, and daily internet usage. In addition, we discovered that self-esteem and daily usage time played a mediation role in the effect of the age variable on internet addiction. Moreover, the moderation roles of social networks, gender, and location in the impact of self-esteem on internet addiction were determined. With this study, we understood that as age increases, self-esteem triggers the decrease of internet addiction. In this sense, policies should be developed to increase self-esteem among young people to ensure the conscious use of the internet.
... Another systematic review reported that the PIU prevalence rate among adolescents ranged from 0.8% (among Italian high school students) to 26.7% (among adolescent students in Hong Kong) globally (Kuss et al., 2014). The prevalence of PIU is higher among Asian adolescents compared to rates reported elsewhere (Kuss et al., 2014), and the only available study in Bangladesh reported a prevalence rate of 2.5% (Afrin, Islam, Rabbiand, & Hossain, 2017). ...
... Therefore, internet-related problems such as PIU have increasingly been studied particularly among emerging adults at universities (Islam & Hossin, 2016;Jahan et al., 2019;Karim & Nigar, 2014;Mamun & Griffiths, 2019a,b,c;Mamun, Rafi, Al Mamun, Hasan, Akter, Hsan, & Griffiths, 2019a,b, 2020Uddin et al., 2016). To date, there has been only one Bangladeshi study that has investigated PIU and its potential correlates among 279 adolescents, which reported that the prevalence of severe internet addiction was 2.5%, whereas 64.9% were 'moderately addicted' (i.e., Afrin, Islam, Rabbiand, & Hossain, 2017). Therefore, the knowledge relating to this cohort is limited. ...
... In the present study, 24.0% of adolescents from Dhaka were reported to be problematic internet users and only 2.6% had severe PIU. However, the present study and a previous Bangladeshi study (Afrin et al., 2017) are not directly comparable due to the instruments used (Orman Internet Stress Survey vs. IAT) as well as the city where the studies took place (i.e., in Chittagong, there are fewer internet facilities available compared to Dhaka). However, the prevalence rates at the severe end of internet use were very similar (2.5% vs. 2.6%). ...
Internet-related problems such as excessive internet use, problematic internet use (PIU), and internet addiction, are becoming increasingly studied among Bangladeshi adult students, but there has been little research among adolescents. In Bangladesh, there has been no research examining the role of parental mediation in their children’s internet use. Therefore, the present structured interview study investigated Bangladeshi adolescent PIU and its associated socio-demographics, internet use behaviors, and the parental mediation role among 350 high school students residing in Dhaka. The results showed that 84 of adolescents (24.0%) were classified as having PIU (cut-off score of ≥50 on the Internet Addiction Test) and nine adolescents (2.6%) were classified as having a severe dependency on the internet (cut-off score of >80 on the Internet Addiction Test). According to hierarchical regression analysis, significant PIU correlates included lower academic results, both parents’ lower education, mother working outside the home, more than four days’ weekly internet use, more than two hours daily internet use, and active mediation. Additionally, internet use behaviors (i.e., internet use locations, devices, purposes, and applications) and parental internet mediation dimensions other than active mediation (i.e., restrictive mediation, active mediation internet safety, monitoring, and technical mediation) were significantly related to PIU in t-tests and correlation analysis respectively. However, they were non-significant in the hierarchical regression analysis when included into equation altogether. The present study’s findings will be helpful in developing country-level policymaking decisions and facilitating future research in the country.
... Despite the opportunities, this program will provide, it may also increase PIU (Mamun & Griffiths, 2019a). However, the few studies on PIU that have been conducted in Bangladesh (Afrin, Islam, Rabbiand, & Hossain, 2017;Islam & Hossin, 2016;Karim & Nigar, 2014;Shahnaz & Karim, 2014;Uddin et al., 2016) are limited by small sample sizes and lack mental health-related variables (Afrin et al., 2017;Islam & Hossin, 2016;Karim & Nigar, 2014). Only very few studies have focused on mental health in Bangladesh (Mamun, Hossain, Siddique, et al., 2019;Uddin et al., 2016). ...
... Despite the opportunities, this program will provide, it may also increase PIU (Mamun & Griffiths, 2019a). However, the few studies on PIU that have been conducted in Bangladesh (Afrin, Islam, Rabbiand, & Hossain, 2017;Islam & Hossin, 2016;Karim & Nigar, 2014;Shahnaz & Karim, 2014;Uddin et al., 2016) are limited by small sample sizes and lack mental health-related variables (Afrin et al., 2017;Islam & Hossin, 2016;Karim & Nigar, 2014). Only very few studies have focused on mental health in Bangladesh (Mamun, Hossain, Siddique, et al., 2019;Uddin et al., 2016). ...
... This prevalence was higher than a previous study conducted in Bangladesh by Mamun (32.6%) (Mamun, Hossain, Siddique, et al., 2019) and Islam and Hossin (24%) (Islam & Hossin, 2016), but it was quite similar to Uddin's study (46%) (Uddin et al., 2016). Another study in Bangladesh by Afrin et al., which used a different instrument to capture internet usage, reported a prevalence of only 2.51% for severe PIU among 279 high school students in Chittagong (Afrin et al., 2017). This variance in prevalence rates may exist due to different geographical locations, use of scales other than the IAT for PIU assessment, diverse sociocultural and socioeconomic contexts, and different demographic structures of the population studied (Afrin et al., 2017;Laconi, Rodgers, & Chabrol, 2014). ...
Problematic Internet Use (PIU) is a growing behavioral health problem among university students globally. Data on PIU among university students in Bangladesh is scarce despite growing interest in the research topic. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PIU and its relationship with depressive symptoms, health, and internet-use behaviors among university students in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study among 404 students was conducted between February and March 2020 within two Bangladeshi universities residing in the southern territory of the country. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, health, and internet-use behaviors. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the Beck Depression Inventory-21 scale were used to assess the risk of PIU and depressive symptoms of students. Among the study sample, nearly 44% (95% CI: 39.9-48.8) of the participants exhibited PIU. PIU was predicted by gender (p=0.039), experiencing a breakup (p<0.001), depressive symptoms (p=0.010), and non-educational internet use (p=0.010); particularly usage of chat rooms (p=0.025), online gaming (p=0.039), and watching YouTube videos (p=0.024). Targeting populations that engage in these internet-use behaviors for enrollment in low-intensity online interventions may aid in the prevention and control of PIU among university students.
