Figure - uploaded by Yulu Guo
Content may be subject to copyright.
Percentage of Population employed in Professional or Managerial and Technical Jobs.
Source publication
Workforce flexibility in regard to the time and location of work can offer many advantages for individuals, businesses, communities and countries. Whilst neither universally viable nor uniformly valuable, there are those who may have a preference for such flexibility and there is certainly untapped positive potential to be explored across multiple...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... Irish census classifies persons into one of seven groups on the basis of occupation (professional workers; managerial and technical; non-manual skilled; manual semi-skilled; unskilled; all other gainfully occupied and unknown). The percentage share of the population within the two highest ranked categories, Professional Workers and Managerial/Technical Workers, has increased from 27.3% in 1996 to 36.2% in 2016 (See Table 2). This trend has seen a reduction in the percentage share of other categories particularly those in the Skilled Manual category. ...Similar publications
Vocational education (VE) has been a priority for employability globally. There is, however, limited research on what employers want from secondary school VE graduates regarding their communication skills. This study examined business English needs in Greek businesses and the English language skills taught in Greek vocational secondary schools. We...
This study aims to improve students' reading literacy through the Read-Aloud method. Students' reading literacy has decreased due to the implementation of Learning-From-Home activities as an effect of the Covid-19 pandemic. Learning in this study was done outdoor that concerned literacy activities in a School’s Education Park. This research used th...
The purpose of this study is to identify and describe the implementation of marketing strategies through institutional approaches in increasing awareness of the business world to carry out independent export activities at the Customs and Excise Office of Tasikmalaya, to find out the obstacles and efforts to overcome them. The method used is descrip...
Motives: The paper focuses on economic aspects of revitalisation of distressed areas and discusses results of the first and so far the only one survey on the subject conducted among the local governments in Polish municipalities. The article continues our previous research on sustainable revitalisation and focuses attention on one dimension of revi...
The COVID-19 pandemic drastically altered traffic patterns across the globe. With more people staying at home and relying on delivery services, there was a reduction in passenger car traffic but an increase in freight traffic. This study investigates the changes in traffic volume and mode splits during the COVID-19 pandemic at the intersection of B...
Citations
... Construed this way, is it possible (or even desirable) to move away from an urban-rural dichotomy, and, importantly, how does the persistence of this dichotomy hinder -and sharpen -our understanding of land use development, privatisation and the commons more generally in Ireland? Census data on workplaces, working from home, and commuting activity (Keaveney, 2021;Kelly et al., 2022) suggest a greater blending of both identity and lived experience and a complexity of the rural that goes way beyond traditional agrarian conceptualisations. At their core, recent debates around farming, climate action and just transitions have an imagined divide between rural and urban areas rather than an integrated regional-scale understanding of city and country that can buttress urban centres to the benefit of farming and other rural economic activity (Clavin and Kayanan, 2022). ...
Recent planning frameworks and policies have formally recognised the significance of the urban in contemporary Ireland and put in place the groundwork to accommodate, facilitate, and accelerate ‘metropolitanisation.’ If implemented, this new strategic positioning can move Ireland in the direction of more balanced development. However, the new spatial arrangements pose profound implications for existing modes of organisation and economic activity in cities and towns, as well as the rural sphere. Additionally, implementation of the new spatial and economic strategies are challenged by certain factors unique to the Irish context raised in this paper in the form of three provocations: 1) Ireland’s colonial legacies and mindsets hinder appropriate planning and development; 2) the historically grounded idealisation of the rural flattens lived experiences; and 3) moving beyond post-colonial confines requires a new and variegated politics of the urban and rural commons. These provocations serve to to open up a collective dialogue on the contours of a more mature approach to planning practice and policy development in Ireland that more closely resonates with lived experiences.
... Undoubtedly, with the capability to remedy WFX discrepancies, MP proposes more productive results ahead of traditional management structures. Therefore, employees' career performance in the WFX contest is directly correlated with management's promotion of polychronicity [26]. Arguably, with such relevance for efficiency in new working regimes, MP is a guarantee for career achievement in the WFX place-time-task unpredictability [27]. ...
The unprecedented global meltdown resulting from the COVID-19 crisis, exacerbated by the rise of political conflicts between leading world economies, has caused the world to drift into a new paradigm with abrupt changes of traditional modi operandi across the landscape. A significant structural change, “Work-From-Anywhere (WFX)”, though well known for its flexibility and other advantages, constitutes a serious barrier to the socialization and knowledge sharing (KS) needed in organizational management and career sustainability (CS). This study aims to thoroughly investigate how strategic management structures like management “Polychronicity” (MP) can dynamically recalibrate the mediation effects of KS dispositions on the relationship between WFX and CS. Our results reveal that WFX, due to the distancing component, considerably undermines teamwork, accountability, and supervision, promoting individualism and isolation among workers. Moreover, MP moderates the effects of WFX inconsistencies on CS, and this is achieved even better through KS. This paper is a landmark contribution to the literature on WFX and CS, leading the way to the empirical investigation of the WFX–KS–CS mechanism and a quantitative evaluation of the interactive effects among major elements of the social exchange (SE) context.
... The WFH work system is a form of flexible working which helps employees balance work obligations with non-work demands [3]. However, with technological advances and the availability of adequate internet connections, the concept of Work From Anywhere (WFA) has emerged [4]. The WFA work system allows employees to regularly work outside the usual workplace, utilizing Information and Communications Technology (ICT) [5]. ...
... Anywhere: a Spatial Index for Ireland [4] There is a word "working from anywhere". ...
... This selection stage was repeated by calculating Cohen's Kappa value from the two selections. Assessing Preference and Potential for Working From Anywhere: A Spatial Index for Ireland [4] One of the potentials of WFA is work productivity. Reason 1 The journal analyzes the perspective of employees working remotely. ...
Many companies have begun to adopt both ways of working simultaneously or commonly referred to as Work From Anywhere (WFA); it is necessary to model business processes used to evaluate and improve the WFA work system in the future. In modelling business processes, it is necessary to carry out a needs analysis, one of which is to find out what factors affect employee productivity when doing their work. Several research journals related to WFA work productivity factors are still scattered in various journal databases, so it is necessary to unify them from various journals. Therefore, it is necessary to research the grouping of factors and theories that affect the productivity of WFA employees in the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Before grouping, the search criteria and journal search process are determined first. The first search is to identify based on keywords, year of publication, and journal quality. Then continued, the use of Cohen's Kappa method for selection based on the field of discussion and language, abstracts, and contents. In improving the reliability of the library screening results, each selection is made twice (or more) and calculates the value of Cohen's Kappa. The SLR method makes the usually subjective literature study more objective to reduce the researcher's bias. The results obtained were a total of 17 screening journals with a total of 11 factors, namely environment, time efficiency, psychology, health, cost efficiency, employee personality, adequate technology, gender, geographical flexibility, salary, and communication.
... The work model has undergone a significant transformation in the modern era, marked by information and communication technology advances [5,14]. One of the new paradigms that is getting more attention is the working anywhere, or Work From Anywhere (WFA) model of work. ...
... One of the new paradigms that is getting more attention is the working anywhere, or Work From Anywhere (WFA) model of work. This model offers employees the flexibility and convenience to work from any location [4,6,14]. Workers can use advanced communication technologies to stay connected, collaborate with teams, and manage tasks without being limited by geographic or physical space boundaries [6]. ...
... Certain types of work require physical presence, such as jobs in public services [17] and the health sector [2,7,16,20]. WFA has advantages in several types of work with adequate technology support, which allows employees to work efficiently and collaboratively [14]. Technological facilities, such as hardware and communication platforms, support work productivity in a WFA environment [5,17,19]. ...
... The pattern of settlement resulting from a shift from urban to rural living enabled by CWSs influences environmental outcomes, as the built environment and travel behaviour are interrelated [24]. In Ireland, Kelly et al. [39] created a Working from Anywhere Index (WFAI), a transferable spatial methodology to identify the potential for working remotely, which can be used to identify locations for CWSs that can best benefit sustainable mobility and planning aims. ...
Coworking spaces are shared workplaces in which desk space is available to remote workers, freelancers, and small enterprises. They offer the social, technological, and networking advantages of an office while allowing workers the freedom to reside in a location of their choice. Remote working has become a common work practice in recent years, accelerated by restrictions introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, and Irish Government policy strongly supports coworking spaces across the island to support employment diversity and retain populations in towns and villages. Along with the provision of viable workplaces, coworking spaces can provide a range of co-benefits to their localities, such as stimulating local economies and reducing commuting-related emissions. This paper describes a mixed-method study seeking to identify this range of co-benefits through a survey of coworking space users and semi-structured interviews with coworking space founders, managers, and coordinators. The study uses an integrative process to categorise the findings into social, urban, and environmental co-benefits. The research finds that locating a coworking space in a central rather than peripheral urban area can support and optimise many of these co-benefits.
... A study based on impact analysis indicates that a realistic "two-day-a-week" nationwide remote work strategy in Ireland could significantly reduce annual car commuter miles by roughly 1 billion. This has associated societal benefits, such as decreased emissions and personal time savings [68]. Moreover, such a practice bolsters sustainability by lessening individual carbon emissions [69]. ...
Flexible working models are widely used around the world. Furthermore, several countries are currently transitioning to a 4-day workweek. These working models have significant effects on organizational behavior and the environment. The study investigates the employees' attitudes and behaviors toward flexible working and 4-day workweek and the impact on the environment. The semi-structured interview method was used in the study to determine employee attitudes and behaviors; the carbon footprint calculation method was used to determine the environmental impact of a 4-day workweek. According to the study's findings, it has been discovered that there would be a positive impact on socialization, happiness, stress factor, motivation, personal time, mental health, comfort, work-life balance, time-saving, willingness, positive working environment, personal time, and physical health. Furthermore, a 4-day workweek reduced commuting emissions by 20%, resulting in a 6,07 kg tCO2e reduction per person. As a result, the study attempted to draw attention holistically to the positive effects of the flexible working model and 4-day workweek. The study is intended to serve as a tool for decision-makers and human resource managers.
... Among the many mobility measures concerning specific mobility options, some are aimed at reducing traffic flows in the transport network by reducing the number of trips. Examples of such measures are flexible working hours, working time compression, and remote work for activities that can be carried out virtually [10] (i.e., activities that do not require one to travel to and from the place of activity/work) [11]. ...
... The first group of aspects includes real activities (e.g., working at the place of employment, shopping in a store, visits) and virtual activities (e.g., working outside the place of employment using online video communications, shopping in online stores, arranging virtual visits using video communication services). The second group of aspects includes [10,11]: ...
The main reason for contemporary transport problems related to traffic congestion in urban transport networks is the excessive number of passenger cars used by people commuting to work (i.e., to places where they carry out their work duties). During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant reduction in traffic flow was observed due to the implementation of remote work. Currently, transport problems are similar to those observed before the pandemic period. This article presents the results of research and a discussion on various factors, the recognition and analysis of which enable the virtualization of activities related to work duties. Contribution to the development of science and knowledge in the field of transport, and in particular in urban mobility planning, justifies the need for in-depth research taking into account, among other matters, objective and subjective personal factors in the assessment of social generation preferences to carry out activities in a virtual form (e.g., remote work). Proper recognition of these factors enables the development of mobility plans that can significantly reduce traffic congestion.
... • there is a need to perform in-depth spatio-temporal analyzes in order to use time collocation and spatial collocation of people (see for example Klapka et al. (2020), Kelly et al. (2022), Miller (2005), Shaw and Yu (2009)) when introducing virtual activities, e.g. remote work, flexible working hours, working time compression, etc., • searching for time collocation of people, enables e.g. ...
The article presents the concept of studying the factors shaping the possibility of introducing remote performance of tasks and duties related to a specific activity, i.e. introducing virtual activities, i.e. virtualization of activity. The concept is derived from the principles of urban mobility planning and management. Therefore, these issues are briefly presented in the first part of the article. The aim of this concept is to reduce the volume of physical flows of people in urban transport networks by reducing the volume of transport demand, i.e. reducing the volume of transport needs, caused by reducing the number of trips generated by socio-economic activities performed in the form of virtual activities. The concept is presented in the form of a block diagram with extensive commentary. The assumptions for the presented concept were formulated on the basis of a review of preliminary studies of objective and subjective personal factors that relate to the possibility of virtualization of work-related activities.
... As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, people's purchasing power in the mall sector and mall finance has decreased (Dewi, Aulia, Sumunar, & Hernawati, 2021). The availability of technology affects the availability and speed of internet connections which greatly benefits employees as several companies and governments implement work-from-home (WFH) schemes that allow more flexibility in scheduling employee working hours without losing work time (Kelly et al., 2022). ...
Change occurs quickly and is full of vulnerabilities, such as the current COVID-19 situation, which is very difficult for supply chain managers, even though it currently has a very high level of normalcy. Consumer trends change very quickly and are difficult to predict. With the aim of a creative economy-based innovation development strategy, this study aims to identify the variables that influence the implementation and competitiveness of the innovative industries to be developed. It is important to note that the advertising process is not only about providing information, availability of goods, money and progress, but also has the advantage of providing information, quality map knowledge and applying valuable walking skills. The Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, and Outcomes (SOAR) survey and site survey were used to determine the optional process. A strategy that takes into account all the attractive quality points acquired. Therefore, in preparing object forms (translation exercises and communication activities), the potentials and challenges must be carefully weighed to achieve inclusive benefits in each implementation. The results of the SOAR study produced five alternative approaches. The most significant added value is the examination of the importance of possible resource accessibility with a value of 15,862, followed by second to fifth, access to rapid market changes (14,840), the establishment of associations (14,646), standardization and economy. Objects (14,123) and the development of productivity standards for competitiveness (12,288). An imaginative approach to business development should consider resource potential and quick response to advertising requests, along with three other components.
... source: data modified from (Eurostat 2022) Work from home has a significant impact on wellbeing, changes and benefits for employees (Felstead and Henseke, 2017) and this impact has been described by several authors from different perspectives during the pandemic (Kaufman and Taniguchi, 2021;Ipsen et al., 2021). Among the biggest advantages can be considered the creation of a balance between work and private life (Farinha and Ascenso, 2022), new possibilities in the field of education and taking courses online (Bjursell et al., 2021), which, with the help of the development of internal company software and international connectivity, was able to make available many new online possibilities; save commuting time and transport costs (Kelly et al., 2022). From the point of view of nature protection, this has a positive impact on saving costs in office space (O'Brien and Aliabadi, 2020), it also saves nature and contributes to increasing the level of ecology (Loia and Adinolfi, 2021;Taboroši, 2021). ...
At the beginning of the pandemic an involuntary implementation of work from home practices was considered a short-term solution. The continuous pandemic has resulted in a work from home phenomenon. It is assumed that work from home can create substantial savings. The question is, therefore, whether work from home can reduce labour cost and be a cost saving tool for more efficient business. This paper analyzes the link between work from home and labour cost in 29 European countries. Analyzed data from Eurostat for the period 2019-2021 suggest a strong link between work from home and labour cost regardless of the frequency of use (sometimes or usually). We can observe an increasing dependence of these two variables, which will be apparently reflected as a trend in the nearest future. Growing inputs in the form of an increase in the price of electricity and gas forces us to reconsider the strict functioning of the on site work.
