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In developed countries, the traditional gender gap in youth smoking and drinking is closing. As tobacco and alcohol are more harmful to women than to men, this is an alarming trend. As men are generally more short-term oriented in their sexuality than women, and given that cigarette and alcohol use are still considered masculine behaviors, we explo...
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... the smoking profiles, the profile version main effect showed that the vignettes were perceived to be more harmful as the smoking frequency rose (M frequently ¼ 5.01, SD frequently ¼ 1.11; M occasionally ¼ 3.84, SD occasionnaly ¼ 1.36; M never ¼ 2.92, SD never ¼ 1.09; all ps < .001). Simple effects analyses of the interaction effect (see Figure 1) confirmed that this was the case for both perceived behavioral riskiness (ps .030) and unhealthiness (ps < .001). ...
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Objectives:
Previous studies have estimated the 30-day prevalence of alcohol use to be approximately 21% among youth in Brazil, despite the legal drinking age of 18 years. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of underage drinking and its associated factors among adolescents in Brazil.
Methods:
The 3rd National Survey on Drug Use b...
We describe correlates of drug use-consequences related variables (addiction concern, problem consequences, and drinking alcohol/using drugs while driving) among two samples of high school students, one in the Russian Federation (n = 365), and one in the United States (n = 965). The correlates used in the analyses are based on the Theory of Triadic...
Citations
... This study included the following smoking-behavior variables, which can affect smoking cessation regardless of sex: average number of cigarettes smoked per day; period of smoking; age of first smoking and experience of quitting smoking (Velicer et al., 2007); nicotine dependence (Kim & Park, 2022;Põld & Pärna, 2020); smoking types (Kim & Park, 2022); motivation to quit smoking (West, 2004); and alcohol use (Lynch et al., 2019;Vincke, 2016). In addition, this study included optimism (Kim and Choi, 2017) and present (Andrade, Alessi, & Petry, 2013;Suh, 2020) biases as variables that could interfere with females' quitting smoking and have been found to play an important role in modifying health-harming behaviors such as smoking in health-psychology studies. ...
The purpose of this study was to provide useful information that could help female smokers quit smoking by exploring factors that could predict their empowerment to quit smoking. The participants were 337 Korean female smokers aged 20 years or older, whose average age was 35.70 years (SD = 9.19). The model predicting female smokers’ empowerment to quit smoking was verified using stepwise regression analysis and a decision-tree data-mining method. The results revealed that nicotine dependence, stimulation smoking, smoking for relaxation and tension reduction, craving smoking, habitual smoking, and the recognition that premenstrual syndrome (PMS) interfered with smoking cessation were negatively correlated with the female smokers’ empowerment to quit, whereas motivation to quit smoking was positively correlated therewith. Optimistic and present biases were positively correlated with perceived meaning of quit smoking. A stepwise regression analysis revealed that nicotine dependence accounted for the most variance of female smokers’ empowerment to quit smoking. A decision-tree model predicting female smokers’ empowerment to quit smoking included motivation to quit, amount of smoking per day, alcohol use, craving smoking, smoking for relaxation and tension reduction, and height. These findings provide useful information to assist in further research and to plan intervention for female smokers’ smoking.
... Although the mediational pathway for substance use was not significant, there was a significant association between substance use and faster life history indicators. Substance use is not specifically addressed in the FSD model (Del Giudice, 2018); however, our findings were consistent with past research (e.g., Richardson et al., 2014Richardson et al., , 2016Vincke, 2016). There are, however, contrasting opinions, with others suggesting that personality profiles of substance users are reflective of slow spectrum or the more recently proposed defense activation disorders (Del Giudice, 2018;Yeo et al., 2014). ...
Although there have been recent advances in knowledge and thinking regarding life history conceptualizations of psychopathology, there is still a missing link. That is, although life history strategies may set the stage for the development of various psychopathologies, we believe there is a missing key factor in understanding individuals’ risk profiles of psychopathology. This study explored whether schemas and expectations might help differentiate between those who experience psychopathology and those who do not in a student and community sample. In the current cross-sectional study (N = 378), we examined the associations between life history indicators and experiences of anxiety, depression, obsessive–compulsive symptomatology, and substance use, as well as the possible mediating and moderating effects of schema and expectations on the associations, respectively. We found several significant mediational pathways with indicators of a faster life strategy predicting increased levels of dysfunctional schemas, and in turn predicting increased experiences of depression, anxiety, and obsessive–compulsive symptomatology, but not substance use. Moreover, although expectations did not significantly moderate the mediational pathways, expectations were a significant predictor of depression and anxiety, with those who reported having their expectations rarely met reporting increased experiences of depression and anxiety. Although this research is preliminary in nature, it has provided initial insight into how our schemas and expectations might play a role, alongside life history strategies, in better understanding individuals’ risk profiles for psychopathology.
... For example, Wilson and Daly (2004) found that after activating mating motivation in men, they tended to choose a shorter, sooner reward as compared to the control group. Critically, short-term mating motivation is associated with increased impulsivity, impatience, and risky behavior (Chiou et al., 2015;Kim & Zauberman, 2013;Vincke, 2016) and often leads people to value immediate benefits (Kim & Zauberman, 2013). Consequently, the arousing nature of sexual cues lengthens the perceived temporal distance to delayed rewards, diminishing the value of future rewards (Buss & Foley, 2020;Kim & Zauberman, 2013). ...
Prior findings suggest that short-term mating motives influence individuals' economic behaviors. However, the effect of long-term mating motives remains unclear. To address this ambiguity, in the current study we examined how priming different mating motives influenced intertemporal discounting, with a primary focus on the role of construal level (N = 240). To do so, we experimentally manipulated participants' mating motives. Our findings were three-fold. First, men who were primed with a long-term mating motive showed reduced intertemporal discounting, whereas women did not show this effect. Second, individuals who were primed with a long-term mating motive showed increased saving willingness as compared to those in the short-term priming condition. Third, construal level mediated the effect of mating motive on a shift in an individual's preference between a smaller, sooner reward and a larger, later reward.
... Alcohol dependence increases the risk of suicide, death risk of suicide attempt, and risk of suicidal ideation by 2.59 percent [19]. Smoking appears to be the best predictor of sexually risky behavior in male and female adolescents [20][21]. ...
In numerous published findings, the cohesion was they have treated sexual experience, suicidal behaviors and depression, as the outcome variables and regard substance use as the core factors. In this study, we aim to do the opposite. We seek to make sense of the linkage by inversing the analytical direction. We intend to examine the association and the likelihood, and observe the levels to which sexual experience, suicidal behaviors, and depression may play a part in the odds of smoking and alcohol drinking among middle school and high school Korean students. The data obtained were cross-sectional from the 2019 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey, participated by 57, 303 Korean adolescents. Among which are male 52.1%, female 47.9%, ages 15 below 59.2 % and 15 above 40.4%. This study utilized descriptive, Chi-square, and logistic regression analyses. Our basic findings signified that sexual experience and mental health problems doubled the odds of motivation. Chi-square analyses asserted that the association was statistically significant. All variables were notably correlated to substance use at 0.01 level, that is, when sexual experience, suicidal behaviors, and depression tend to increase, there was a high risk of using substances. The results for logistic regression on alcohol drinking, the -2LL statistic is 73157.25, the Cox & Snell R2 is 0.057, and Nagelkerke R2 is 0.078 having the df of 1, with the p value of 0.000l, and the -2LL statistic is 39022.46, the Cox & Snell R2 is 0.064, and Nagelkerke R2 is 0.122 having the df of 1, with the p value of 0.000 for smoking, predicted the maximum likelihood and considerably identified as positive significant indicators in the onset of substance initiation. This study also found that sexual experience had remained robustly substantial with the odds of smoking and drinking, that is, participants with higher sexual experience had the strongest likelihood of substance use motivation. Our overall results contribute to the debate by treating sexual experience, suicidal behaviors, and depression as precedent significant risk factors for developing substance use behaviors among Korean adolescents. For efficient and effective management of sexual experience, suicidal behaviors and depression on teenagers, findings underscore the need for early detection on adolescents at risk. A comprehensive prevention and protective efforts is required along with continuous parental guidance. Intervention programs with coping skills to handle emotional and behavioral problems is essential to help reduce the probability of an increased risk factors and subsequently lessen the threat for developing cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking behaviors among teenagers. School-based programs that can create synergy by embedding teenagers in an academic environment that is equally supportive, beneficial and can help promote a positive mindset is recommended.
... That is, substance use can be expected to reflect agedependent change in reproductive strategy over the life span. Although recent experimental (Vincke, 2016(Vincke, , 2017 and longitudinal (Richardson, Chen, Dai, Swoboda, et al., 2017) research has explored the possibility that substance use reflects or facilitates short-term mating, for instance, little attention has been devoted to the possibility that change in mating effort explains intraindividual variance in substance use. ...
Recovery has emerged as an important paradigm in addictions treatment but the field has yet to achieve consensus on how it should be defined and measured. The recovery construct has been extended beyond sustained reductions in use or abstinence to enhancements in global health/well-being and also prosocial community reintegration. However, few studies have included these broader domains in their measurement of recovery and few scientific theories have been advanced to explain why reductions in substance use occasion these broader life changes. This article applies life history theory to recovery for the first time to help define recovery, advance recovery measurement, and explain why broad change across multiple life domains should facilitate sustained recovery progress. We conclude with a discussion of future directions and challenges for future research informed by our life history framework for recovery.
... Hone, Carter, and McCullough (2013) found that university students who were more sociosexually restricted (i.e., more long-term oriented) were less likely to participate in drinking games, drank less when they participated, and reported less incidences of problematic alcohol use (see also, Hone & McCullough, 2015). Vincke (2016aVincke ( , 2016b found that, compared to people described as frequent drinkers, those described as occasional and nondrinkers were perceived to be more sociosexually restricted and less attractive as short-term partners. At the same time, people who were more sociosexually restricted reported to drink less frequently in daily life (Vincke, 2016a(Vincke, , 2016b, and people reported weaker intent to drink under a prime of long-term mating motive than short-term mating motive (Vincke, 2017). ...
... Vincke (2016aVincke ( , 2016b found that, compared to people described as frequent drinkers, those described as occasional and nondrinkers were perceived to be more sociosexually restricted and less attractive as short-term partners. At the same time, people who were more sociosexually restricted reported to drink less frequently in daily life (Vincke, 2016a(Vincke, , 2016b, and people reported weaker intent to drink under a prime of long-term mating motive than short-term mating motive (Vincke, 2017). ...
... Previous studies showed that people who are more long-term oriented in sexual strategies generally drink less (Hone et al., 2013;Hone & McCullough, 2015;Vincke, 2016aVincke, , 2016bVincke, , 2017. Extending those studies, this research showed that people who are more long-term oriented in sexual strategies also have stronger desires to prohibit others from drinking excessively by suppressing factors (e.g., pro-alcohol advertising) that will likely promote that behavior. ...
At least in the United States, there are widespread concerns with advertising that encourages alcohol consumption, and previous research explains those concerns as aiming to protect others from the harm of excessive alcohol use.¹ Drawing on sexual strategies theory, we hypothesized that support of censoring pro-alcohol advertising is ultimately self-benefiting regardless of its altruistic effect at a proximate level. Excessive drinking positively correlates with having casual sex, and casual sex threatens monogamy, one of the major means with which people adopting a long-term sexual strategy increase their inclusive fitness. Then, one way for long-term strategists to protect monogamy, and thus their reproductive interest is to support censoring pro-alcohol advertising, thereby preventing others from becoming excessive drinkers (and consequently having casual sex) under media influence. Supporting this hypothesis, three studies consistently showed that restricted sociosexuality positively correlated with support of censoring pro-alcohol advertising before and after various value-, ideological-, and moral-foundation variables were controlled for. Also as predicted, Study 3 revealed a significant indirect effect of sociosexuality on censorship support through perceived media influence on others but not through perceived media influence on self. These findings further supported a self-interest analysis of issue opinions, extended third-person-effect research on support of censoring pro-alcohol advertising, and suggested a novel approach to analyzing media censorship support.
... Furthermore, having consumed a moderate amount of alcohol increases young adults' general attractiveness compared to being completely sober (Van Den Abbeele et al., 2015). Finally, although risky drinking is not considered attractive in a steady, long-term partner (Farthing, 2007;Wilke, Hutchinson, Todd, & Kruger, 2006), frequent drinking does enhance young adults' desirability as a short-term partner for casual relationships compared to not drinking (Vincke, 2016a(Vincke, , 2016b. ...
... The results of the two experiments suggest that drinking behavior can be studied as a form of signaling behavior, in which perceivable behavior is used to display information about the signaler, with the intention of affecting receivers' beliefs or behaviors (Donath, 2011;Maynard Smith & Harper, 2003). Studies showing that drinking behavior brings selfpresentational benefits to young adults Van Den Abbeele et al., 2015;Vincke, 2016aVincke, , 2016b illustrate that drinking alcohol can indeed affect receivers' beliefs about drinkers. Furthermore, prototype studies focusing on the social image of heavy drinkers, occasional drinkers, and abstainers indicate that drinking behavior affects young adults' perception of peers (Gerrard et al., 2002;Spijkerman, Larsen, Gibbons, & Engels, 2010;Spijkerman, van den Eijnden, Vitale, & Engels, 2004;Teunissen et al., 2014;van Lettow, Vermunt, de Vries, Burdorf, & van Empelen, 2013). ...
Many studies on young adults’ motivations for drinking overlook the symbolic aspects of alcohol use. However, research indicates that young adults’ alcohol consumption is also driven by signaling motivations. Although the interest of a receiver is a necessary prerequisite of a signal, no previous studies have verified whether drinking behavior indeed attracts young adults’ attention. Therefore, we conducted two studies. A two-part eye-tracking study (N1 = 135, N2 = 140) showed that both young men and young women pay special visual attention to male and female drinking behavior. Additionally, a recall experiment (N = 321) confirmed that observed male and female drinking is better remembered than observed nonsignaling, functional behavior. Moreover, alcoholic beverages also receive special attention, as they were recalled better than other functional products, and also nonalcoholic drinks similar in color and shape. In summary, the experiments clearly showed that male and female drinking behavior can be used as a signal, as both behaviors clearly function as an attention-attracting cue. Additionally, as alcoholic beverages draw more attention than nonalcoholic drinks, this attention is clearly linked to the alcohol element of the drinking behavior.
... Research shows that there is a strong relationship between drinking alcohol and engaging in short-term sexual relations (e.g., Grello, Welsh, & Harper, 2006;Lindgren, Pantalone, Lewis, & George, 2009). In addition, recent studies suggest that the high prevalence of heavy alcohol consumption among young adults might be (partially) explained because risky drinking could function as a short-term mating strategy (Vincke, 2016a(Vincke, , 2016b. Accordingly, a high alcohol consumption might be engaged in by sexually unrestricted young adults as a signal in mating situations. ...
... According to a large amount of studies, there is a strong link between consuming alcohol and engaging in casual sexual behavior (Cooper, 2002(Cooper, , 2006Grello et al., 2006;Lindgren et al., 2009;Paul, McManus, & Hayes, 2000;Turchik, Garske, Probst, & Irvin, 2010). In addition, research shows a positive correlation between drinking alcohol and having a short-termoriented mating strategy, both when looking at drinking frequency and average drinking behavior (Vincke, 2016a(Vincke, , 2016b. Also studies on drinking games confirm that a higher alcohol consumption is linked to being more sexually unrestricted, in both young men and young women (Hone & McCullough, 2015;Hone, Carter, & Mccullough, 2013). ...
... Similarly, a person reporting using alcohol in a risky manner is not considered attractive as a potential long-term partner (Farthing, 2005). However, research differentiating between young adults' short-term and long-term attractiveness shows that heavy drinking behavior does bring attractiveness benefits to young men and women in short-term mating contexts, while clearly harming a young adult's long-term desirability (Vincke, 2016a(Vincke, , 2016b. This confirms the literature on risktaking, showing that high risk-taking is attractive only in short-term mating contexts, whereas moderate risk-taking is also considered desirable in a long-term mating partner (Bassett & Moss, 2004;Farthing, 2005Farthing, , 2007Sylwester & Pawłowski, 2011). ...
Previous research indicates that drinking large quantities of alcohol could function as a short-term mating strategy for young adults in mating situations. However, no study investigated whether this is actually the case. Therefore, in this article, the link between short-term mating motivations and drinking high amounts of alcohol is tested. First, a survey study (N = 345) confirmed that young adults who engage in binge drinking are more short-term oriented in their mating strategy than young adults who never engage in binge drinking. Also, the more short-term-oriented young adults were in their mating strategy, the more often binge drinking behavior was conducted. In addition, an experimental study (N = 229) empirically verified that short-term mating motivations increase young adults’ drinking behavior, more so than long-term mating motivations. Results of the experiment clearly showed that young men and young women are triggered to drink more alcoholic beverages in a short-term mating situation compared to a long-term mating situation. Furthermore, the mating situation also affected young adults’ perception of drinking behavior. Young adults in a short-term mating context perceived a higher amount of alcoholic beverages as heavy drinking compared to peers in a long-term mating context. These findings confirm that a high alcohol consumption functions as a short-term mating strategy for both young men and young women. Insights gained from this article might be of interest to institutions aimed at targeting youth alcohol (ab)use.
