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Pelvis of Hyaenodictis raslanloubatieri from La Borie (≈MP8 + 9). a-c. MHNT.PAL.2019.1.9, left innominate, in: a. lateral view; b. medial view; c, ventral view. d-e. MHNT.PAL.2019.1.10, left fragmentary innominate, in: d. lateral view; e. medial view. Abbreviations: a, acetabulum; af, acetabular fossa; an, acetabular notch; dpis, dorsoposterior iliac spine; gf, gluteal fossa; gsn, greater sciatic notch; ib, ischial body; ipe, ilio-pubic eminence; ir, ischial ramus; is, ischial spine; lsn, lesser sciatic notch; n, neck; of, obturator foramen; pt, pubic tuberosity; rft, rectus femoris tuberosity; sls, semilunar surface; vaic, ventroanterior iliac crest. Scale bar equals 1 cm
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New postcranial elements of two mesonychids that lived during the Ypresian (early Eocene) in Europe are here described. The postcranial bones found at La Borie (France; ≈MP8 + 9) can be confidently ascribed to Hyaenodictis raslanloubatieri, while the astragalus found at Palette (France; ≈MP7) probably represents H. rougierae. Our study demonstrates...
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Résumé : L’espèce nouvelle endémique Pachycrommium gourguesi nov. sp. est décrite des argiles sableuses bartoniennes (Éocène moyen) de Pédelail, Horsarrieu (Landes). C’est la seconde espèce de Pachycrommium décrite dans le Bartonien du bassin d’Aquitaine. Elle est comparée aux espèces affines du Paléogène.
Abstract: The new species endemic Pachycr...
Citations
... [62], Arctocyon primaevus [63], Ar. mumak [64] and various mesonychids. These mesonychids are Dissacus navajovius [65], "D." praenuntius [65], "D." europaeus [66], Ankalagon saurognathus [65], Hyaenodictis raslanloubatieri [16], Sinonyx jiashanensis [65] and Pachyaena ossifraga [67]. All of these fossil taxa were chosen on the basis of their reconstructed close relationship to Tri. crassicuspis or because they are represented by a relatively complete array of specimens. ...
... Measurements of the cranial and mandibular elements of Triisodon crassicuspis (NMMNH P-72096).MHNT.PAL.2019.1.7, figured in[16]) and Pe. carinidens (NMMNH P-53998, figured in[62]). ...
Following the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, mammals underwent an increase in body size, taxonomic diversity and ecological specialization throughout the Paleocene, exemplifying their adaptability. One especially enigmatic group is the “Triisodontidae”, medium- to large-sized ungulate-like placentals from the Paleocene which are best known from their teeth that exhibit adaptations towards carnivory. The “triisodontids” were the first large carnivorous mammals and pre-date, and may have given rise to, Mesonychia, a group of more specialized placental carnivores. The “triisodontids” have been well-described from dental material, although very little is known about their postcrania. Here, we describe the postcrania of Triisodon crassicuspis–the most completely represented species of the genus to date–from a specimen (NMMNH P-72096) recovered from basal Torrejonian strata of the Nacimiento Formation in the San Juan Basin, New Mexico. Anatomical comparisons reveal that the forelimb long bones of Tri. crassicuspis are robust relative to its size, more so than other “triisodontids”. Attachment sites on the ulna are evidence of well-developed muscles involved in powerful extension and flexion of the manus. In Tri. crassicuspis, the range of pronation-supination was limited as evident from the humeroradial morphology. Qualitative functional assessment of osteological features of the forelimb of Tri. crassicuspis is suggestive of terrestrial locomotion with at least moderate digging ability. Re-analyses of the dentition confirmed that Tri. crassicuspis had specializations for carnivory, and provide a body mass estimate of ca. 32–44 kg based on dental proxies. In summary, Tri. crassicuspis was a relatively large and powerful terrestrial animal, and one of the first known placentals to fill a largely carnivorous niche.
... The material was isolated after processing the sampled sediment by careful acid etching, use of screen-washing, and sorting methods. This is the first occurrence of a peradectid metatherian in the Palette fauna, which adds to the 16 previously listed mammalian species in this locality (Table 1), most of Godinot et al. (1987), Russell and Godinot (1988), Marandat (1991), Rose et al. (1994), López-Martínez et al. (2006), Hooker and Russell (2012), Marandat et al. (2012), Hand and Sigé (2017), Boivin et al. (2018), Solé et al. (2018Solé et al. ( , 2023, Vautrin et al. (2020), Vianey-Liaud and Marivaux (2021), and this study. ...
... which correspond to eutherian taxa that have been extensively studied (Godinot 1984(Godinot , 1992Godinot et al. 1987; Russell and Godinot 1988;Marandat 1991: 110;Ramdarshan et al. 2015;Solé et al. 2015Solé et al. , 2018Solé et al. , 2023Boivin et al. 2018;Orliac et al. 2018;Vautrin et al. 2020;Vianey-Liaud and Marivaux 2021). Peradectes crocheti sp. ...
Peradectidae are Paleogene ‘opossum-like’ stem-metatherians, largely Laurasian, whose evolutionary history remains unclear. Based on new remains (mainly dental) discovered in several French localities, we carry out a comprehensive systematic revision of all early Eocene peradectids from Europe (~MP7 reference level to MP10-11 interval). We describe well-preserved specimens from Palette (Southern France, MP7-MP8 + 9 interval) documenting the earliest European peradectid, Peradectes crocheti sp. nov. This new species exhibits an interesting mosaic of characters, including plesiomorphic traits found in the North American type species, Peradectes elegans Matthew and Granger, 1921. Molars allocated to the strikingly ubiquitous Peradectes crocheti sp. nov. are found in eight additional localities from northwestern and southwestern Europe, all limited to the time interval MP7-MP8 + 9. Moreover, the study of unpublished material of the MP8 + 9 and ~MP8 + 9 peradectids allows us to recognize two younger coeval species (Peradectes louisi Crochet, 1979, and Peradectes russelli Crochet, 1979). Our taxonomic conclusions are supported a posteriori by the first quantitative assessment of the variation in height of metatherian stylar cusps. The holotype of Peradectes louisi is reinterpreted, and Peradectes ‘mutigniensis’ Crochet, 1979 appears to be a junior synonym of Peradectes russelli. In addition to size, the otherwise similar Peradectes louisi and Peradectes russelli can be distinguished based on subtle yet consistent differences, such as lower molar proportions. Phylogenetic analyses using a novel matrix of dental characters shed new light on the relationships among Eocene peradectids, confirming the paraphyly of Peradectes with respect to Armintodelphys and Mimoperadectes. Our results suggest a single dispersal from North America to Europe in the evolutionary history of peradectids, which likely occurred immediately after the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Peradectes crocheti sp. nov. being recovered as the earliest offshoot of the European clade. Scarce lower molars from the MP10 reference locality and ~MP10 localities analyzed within this constrained phylogenetic framework reveal a trend towards shrinking of the entoconid in the European lineage throughout the early Eocene.
