Table 2 - uploaded by Sweety Shahinur
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To keep the world green for future generation the consciousness on natural fiber increases. However, the idea of producing long lasting composite materials made of jute and natural fiber has not been considered in the past because of their swelling and burning properties. Moreover, the major weakness of natural fiber is that they can easily burn du...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... and first exothermic peak temperature are a function of chemical concentration [14][15]. The 1 st endothermic peaks temperature for the fire retardant jute fiber increased with the fire retardant chemical concentration (Tables 2). The first exothermic peak temperature was maximum for 20%FR and decreased with the increase of chemical concentration (Table 2 and Figure 3) and this changed due to the presence of reactive groups in the fire retardant jute fiber. ...
Context 2
... 1 st endothermic peaks temperature for the fire retardant jute fiber increased with the fire retardant chemical concentration (Tables 2). The first exothermic peak temperature was maximum for 20%FR and decreased with the increase of chemical concentration (Table 2 and Figure 3) and this changed due to the presence of reactive groups in the fire retardant jute fiber. A broad endothermic peak in the temperature range of 60-140 o C in both treated and raw jute fiber corresponds to the heat of vaporization of water absorbed in the fiber. ...
Context 3
... very strong 2nd endothermic peak indicates the degradation of cellulose, leading to the formation of char. in addition, there is one more step in the peak at around 431 o C. In this step the rest of the char is oxidized and the rest of the mass consumed. The appearance of both endo and exothermic peaks (Table 2) could be related to the morphological changes possibly occurred by the decomposition of hemi-cellulose and cellulose respectively. The peaks are sharper more than raw jute fiber may be due toNH 4 coating. ...
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Citations
... In recent research, different inorganic salts (Basak and Ali, 2017), diammonium phosphate (Basak et al., 1993), nitrogen-based compound (Atakan et al., 2019;Samanta et al., 2011a), urea (Basak et al., 2014), organic sulphate (Basak and Ali, 2017), borax and boric acid (Samanta et al., 2011b) have been applied on jute to observe the changing properties of the jute fabric on behalf of these flame retardant compounds. But containing higher chemicals add-on, noticeable strength loss, stiffness of jute fabrics has been found after being treated with these flame retardant compounds (Basak and Samanta, 2019;Shahinur et al., 2013). Our previous work has investigated the flame retardancy behavior of jute fabric using a single chemical such as borax, DAP and thiourea (Repon et al., 2021). ...
Applying flame retardant finish on jute makes flame protective jute products that can be another diversified use of it. The target of this experiment is to observe the flame retardancy improvement of the fabric properties after finishing treatment with various flame retardant chemicals. The untreated (raw) and H2O2 bleached jute fabrics having plain weave were used in this experiment. Borax, diammonium phosphate (DAP) and thiourea were used as flame retardant chemicals. The combinations of these chemicals were applied to the fabrics by the pad-dry-cure method with various concentrations. Vertical flammability, breaking load percentage, and weight gain percentage were performed on all samples to observe the change in fabric properties. Significant improvement was found for all chemical combinations compared to untreated fabrics. Here, the flame spread time and weight gain percentage increase, but the breaking load percentage decreases for every combination. Among all combinations, the borax and DAP combination especially at 6% concentration shows the 305% improvement of flame spread time for raw jute and 276% for bleached jute fabric. In contrast, the borax and thiourea combination showed the progress of weight gain percentage. Besides, better wash durability was reported for all samples after five washing cycles. These flame-retardant jute fabrics have prospective industrial applications as brattice cloth in mines and many other potential fields of applications such as flame-retardant kitchen aprons, furnishings for a public hall, theater and hospitals.
... Thus, thermal tolerance needs to be improved for machining of the biobased product. Thermal performance can be improved through different modifications in spray, and solid phase of biobased product (Soury et al., 2009;Shahinur et al., 2013). Phosphorus salt is used in solid phase for improvement of thermal properties whereas halogens with phosphorus act in the vapor phase (Ulsamer et al., 1980). ...
... Due to heat, the structure of bio based material is changed and mechanical properties are hampered. For example, Shahinur et al. (2013) have revealed that when thermal properties are increased, mechanical properties are decreased due to fire retardant treatment on the biobased material. However, Huang et al. (2003) found an improvement of mechanical properties with thermal properties due to chemical modification. ...
Design and manufacturing challenges are the key issues affecting the biobased product development. The focus of this article is to investigate the development of successful biobased products considering the key design factors and manufacturing challenges. Biobased materials have a wide range of properties and these are environment friendly. A designer must ensure biobased materials’ performance according to the customer’s need and satisfaction. This article explores different areas of design factors for fulfilling customer demand needed to address during the product design and manufacturing for mass customization. In addition, it is found that when a designer designs a product for manufacturing, various problems related to sustainable development of the biobased product need to be addressed. Biobased materials have different categories of drawbacks. In this article, various approaches for development of value added biobased product have been discussed. Approaches to appropriate designs and manufacturing challenges to make biobased product sustainable in the market are also highlighted. Different stakeholders in the biobased product development value chain will be benefited if sustainable products are developed and the earth will stay green for a longer time for the next generation.
Keywords: Bio-based material; Environmental sustainability; Material selection; Product design
... Thus, thermal tolerance needs to be improved for machining of the biobased product. Thermal performance can be improved through different modifications in spray, and solid phase of biobased product (Soury et al., 2009;Shahinur et al., 2013). Phosphorus salt is used in solid phase for improvement of thermal properties whereas halogens with phosphorus act in the vapor phase (Ulsamer et al., 1980). ...
... Due to heat, the structure of bio based material is changed and mechanical properties are hampered. For example, Shahinur et al. (2013) have revealed that when thermal properties are increased, mechanical properties are decreased due to fire retardant treatment on the biobased material. However, Huang et al. (2003) found an improvement of mechanical properties with thermal properties due to chemical modification. ...
Abstract:
Design and manufacturing challenges are the key issues affecting the biobased product development. The focus of this article is to investigate the development of successful biobased products considering the key design factors and manufacturing challenges. Biobased materials have a wide range of properties and these are environment friendly. A designer must ensure biobased materials’ performance according to the customer’s need and satisfaction. This article explores different areas of design factors for fulfilling customer demand needed to address during the product design and manufacturing for mass customization. In addition, it is found that when a designer designs a product for manufacturing, various problems related to sustainable development of the biobased product need to be addressed. Biobased materials have different categories of drawbacks. In this article, various approaches for development of value added biobased product have been discussed. Approaches to appropriate designs and manufacturing challenges to make biobased product sustainable in the market are also highlighted. Different stakeholders in the biobased product development value chain will be benefited if sustainable products are developed and the earth will stay green for a longer time for the next generation.
Sustainable flame retardancy of polymeric materials is one of the thirsty, promising and challenging areas in today's fire safety world. Different researchers are trying to achieve that scientific beauty employing different research perspectives. Bio-based (bio-macromolecule) flame retardancy is one of the emerging and promising fields and continuously adding feathers in the crown of sustainable flame retardancy from the past decade. Bio-based flame retardants are sustainable. Tannin is an aromatic polyphenolic compound, one of the important and major active ingredients of most of the plant-based bio-macromolecules. As per reported documents, past few years have witnessed great flame retardancy potential of tannin and tannin based plant bio-macromolecules on textile, steel and other natural and synthetic polymeric materials. However, till date, no critical review has been registered on the compilation of the flame retardant performance of tannin and tannin based plant bio-macromolecule treated natural and synthetic textiles, polymeric substrates etc, This review report critically elucidates the thermal properties of tannic acid and in detail flame retardant performances of tannic acid (hydrolyzed and condensed), chemically modified tannic acid-treated textile, polymeric substrates. Besides, the review context also registers the mechanism involved behind the tannin based flame retardancy of different natural and synthetic polymeric substrates like cotton, wool, silk, epoxy resin, steel, polyester, nylon etc. Besides, some futuristic scientific suggestions and challenges also have been systematically discussed at the end part of this review manuscript.
