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Pathophysiological mechanisms of obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure

Pathophysiological mechanisms of obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure

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The individual approach in the treatment of heart failure (HF) and personalized medicine have been the main topic in recent years in all scientific forums. The combination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and sleep apnea (SA) further complicates the clinical presentation in patients with HF. The overlap of all three diseases requires...

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Context 1
... pathophysiological mechanisms are well studied, with a pathological cycle rapidly leading to the progression of heart failure and higher rates of hospitalization and mortality. This is illustrated in Figure 1. Regardless of the causative factors, the consequences involve variable levels of blood oxygen and unstable carbon dioxide levels, along with frequent arousals and significant fluctuations in chest pressures. ...
Context 2
... pathophysiological mechanisms are well studied, with a pathological cycle rapidly leading to the progression of heart failure and higher rates of hospitalization and mortality. This is illustrated in Figure 1. Regardless of the causative factors, the consequences involve variable levels of blood oxygen and unstable carbon dioxide levels, along with frequent arousals and significant fluctuations in chest pressures. ...

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