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The systematic position of the round herrings relative to the large family Clupeidae (sardines and herrings) has varied over the years. Chapman (1948) regarded them as a family, Dussumieridae. He made a detailed study of the osteology of Etrumeus micropus (Temminck & Schlegel) and concluded that the group is of ancient derivation, rather than a spe...
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... 188 mm paratype ( bpbm 40490) was illustrated when fresh from a color photo- graph by Randall (2007:101). The photograph is reproduced here in black and white ( Figure 3). The fish was deep purplish blue dorsally, with a large silvery spot on each scale, shading to lavender ventrally with silvery reflections on scales; dorsal part of snout and interorbital nearly black except for a silvery patch be- tween; dorsal and caudal fins purple; pectoral fins lavender, grading to dark brown basally; pelvic and anal fins lavender white. ...
Citations
... N o t e s. In the past, S. melanosticta was synonymous with S. sagax (Jenyns, 1842) Randall and DiBattista, 2012), it was identified as E. micropus for the waters of Japan, while the taxon E. teres (DeKay, 1842), previously indicated for the region under consideration (Sokolovskii et al., 2007;Shinohara et al., 2012), was recognized as a junior synonym for E. sadina (Mitchill, 1814 Fadeev, 2005;Dyldin et al., 2018a). Common. ...
A complete annotated list of marine, brackish-water, and freshwater ichthyofauna of Sakhalin Island and the adjacent southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk is provided for the first time in the entire history of the study of the fish population. It is based on a critical analysis of the literature data for the last 200 years, collection materials, and the results of our own long-term studies. The list includes 600 species in 4 classes, 44 orders, 17 suborders, 129 families, 50 subfamilies, and 312 genera. It presents both English and Latin (sci-entific) names, information on the ranges in the World Ocean and distribution within Sakhalin waters, and data on the conservation status, commercial importance, and abundance. For a number of species, the list also provides information on collection specimens, confirming their presence within the studied water area. For all species, the current ranges and taxonomic status are specified according to the new data, if any. The so-called controversial taxa are discussed. The first part provides brief information about the history of the study of the Sakhalin ichthyofauna, the geographical and oceanological characteristics of the study area, as well as the first 118 species of the annotated list belonging to 79 genera, 42 families and 20 orders in 4 classes.
... All measurements were made point to point, and never by projections. Methods for counts and measurements follow Randall and Di Battista (2012). ...
The endemic Persian Gulf herring, Herklotsichthys lossei, has similar characteristics with other congeners, especially H. punctatus, which makes it difficult to recognize. Freshly collected samples from the type locality of H. lossei assign morphologically to H. lossei, described by Wongratana in having a dark blotch on the dorsal fin and small dark spots on the flank. However, all the studied materials have a series of black spots along the back and both sides of dorsal–fin base which was not mentioned by Wongratana and was not found in the examined type materials deposited in Natural History Museum, London. Based on the available molecular data (mtCOI) for six species of Herklotsichthys, it is clear that the genus is not monophyletic. Herklotsichthys dispilonotus, H. punctatus and H. lossei make a sister lineage to other congeneric species including H. quadrimaculatus, H. lippa and H. spilurus and also with several phylogenetically distantly related genera Sardinella, Harengula, Amblygaster, Nematalosa, Anodontostoma, Alosa, Clupea and Clupeonella. This situation makes the taxonomic status of clupeid genera, especially Herklotsichthys more complicated. As H. dispilonotus the type species of the genus Herklotsichthys is nested with H. lossei and H. punctaus, these three species remain in the same genus and three others, H. quadrimaculatus, H. lippa and H. spilurus form a distinct genera.
... The following species were examined: Clupea pallasii, Etrumeus micropus, Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus, Ilisha elongata, Konosirus punctatus, Nematalosa come, Nematalosa japonica, Sardinella aurita, Sardinella melanura, Sardinella zunasi, Sardinops melanostictus, and Spratelloides gracilis. Classification and scientific and standard Japanese names followed Aonuma and Yagishita (2013) for all species except E. micropus and S. aurita, for which we followed the nomenclature of Randall and DiBattista (2012) and Stern et al. (2017), respectively. All fishes except H. quadrimaculatus and S. zunasi were collected from fish markets. ...
The amount of interspecific and ontogenetic variation in otolith shape among clupeid fishes from Japan was investigated to create a key to identify otoliths of these species found in the stomach contents of piscivorous predators, fossiliferous beds, and archaeological sites. The interspecific comparison with 12 species (Clupea pallasii, Etrumeus micropus, Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus, Ilisha elongata, Konosirus punctatus, Nematalosa come, Nematalosa japonica, Sardinella aurita, Sar-dinella melanura, Sardinella zunasi, Sardinops melanostictus, and Spratelloides gracilis) revealed morphological variation in otolith shape, OL:OH and AL:RL ratios, rostrum, marginal structures, and features of the crista superior. Intraspecific changes were analyzed in two species (E. micropus and S. melanostictus), revealing ontogenetic changes in OL:OH ratio and consequently otolith shape as well as changes in marginal features. Overall, this study shows that the key morphological features can be used as diagnostic features for identification of clupeid otoliths.
... Etrumeus is discontinuously distributed across the world's major oceans from 40°n to 40°S (Whitehead 1985). recent genetic appraisals, combined with an evaluation of conspicuous morphological traits (e.g., gill rakers and coloration), revealed isolated species in the northwestern atlantic (Bay of Fundy to the gulf of Mexico), eastern Pacific (California to Baja California), central Pacific (Hawai'i), northwest Pacific (Japan), western Indian Ocean (Durban to northeastern Somalia), and the northern red Sea now into the Mediterranean (randall and DiBattista 2012; DiBattista et al. 2012). The original description of Etrumeus in australia is from a single specimen caught in Port Jackson over 135 years ago, with no comparative material. ...
... Etrumeus is discontinuously distributed across the world's major oceans from 40°n to 40°S (Whitehead 1985). recent genetic appraisals, combined with an evaluation of conspicuous morphological traits (e.g., gill rakers and coloration), revealed isolated species in the northwestern atlantic (Bay of Fundy to the gulf of Mexico), eastern Pacific (California to Baja California), central Pacific (Hawai'i), northwest Pacific (Japan), western Indian Ocean (Durban to northeastern Somalia), and the northern red Sea now into the Mediterranean (randall and DiBattista 2012; DiBattista et al. 2012). The original description of Etrumeus in australia is from a single specimen caught in Port Jackson over 135 years ago, with no comparative material. ...
... each haplotype was divided into sample site contributions as reflected by the pie diagrams. To complement our genetic comparisons within australia, voucher sequences from all recently described or resurrected Etrumeus species were included here: Etrumeus golanii (gulf of Suez, egypt, N = 2; DiBattista et al. 2012; genBank accession numbers KM116438 to KM116439 and JQ914281 to JQ914282), Etrumeus wongratanai (Durban, South africa, N = 4; DiBattista et al. 2012; genBank accession numbers KM116445 to KM116448 and JQ914304 to JQ914307), E. whiteheadi (alguhas Bank, South africa, N = 3; DiBattista et al. 2012; genBank accession numbers KM116449 to KM116451 and JQ914291 to JQ914293), E. sadina (gulf of Mexico, USa, N = 8; randall and DiBattista 2012; genBank accession number KM116444, KM116452 to KM116458, and Jn029799), Etrumeus makiawa (Hawai'i, USa, N = 1; randall and DiBattista 2012; genBank accession number KM116440 and HQ413292), Etrumeus micropus (Japan, N = 3; randall and DiBattista 2012; genBank accession numbers KM116441 to KM116443, HQ413293, HQ413298, and HQ413299), and Etrumeus acuminatus (Baja California , Mexico, N = 3; randall and DiBattista 2012; genBank accession numbers KM116435 to KM116437 and JF723279 to JF723281). a maximum-likelihood tree-building method was applied using PaUP* version 4.0 (Swofford 2000), in addition to a Bayesian method with MrBayes (ronquist and Huelsenbeck 2003). ...
Molecular genetic surveys of marine fishes have revealed that some widely-distributed species are actually a composite of multiple evolutionary lineages. This is apparent in the round herrings (genus Etrumeus), wherein a globally distributed taxon (Etrumeus sadina Mitchill 1814) has proven to contain at least seven valid taxa, with more likely awaiting discovery. Here we survey the evolutionary lineages of the nominal E. sadina (formerly E. teres, a junior synonym) across the southern temperate zone of Australia, a marine region divided into three biogeographic provinces based primarily on the distribution of intertidal faunas. Results from morphological and mitochondrial DNA data reveal two evolutionary lineages corresponding to eastern and southwestern provinces (d = 0.007 for cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and d = 0.017 for cytochrome b), possibly initiated by the Bassian Isthmus between Australia and Tasmania during low sea level stands. The Australian round herring is also genetically distinct from the nearest congeneric forms in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, with a corresponding modal difference in gill-raker counts in most cases. Based on these data we resurrect the title Etrumeus jacksoniensis for the Australian round herring. While the Bassian Isthmus may have initiated the partition of evolutionary lineages within Australia, additional oceanographic and ecological factors must reinforce this separation in order to maintain diagnostic genetic differences along a continuous temperate coastline.
... Number of species per grid cell (4 by 4 degree latitude-longitude resolution) is represented by cool (low diversity) to warm (high diversity) colors. Individual species distribution compiled from Whitehead [16] and Whitehead et al. [17], Wongratana [125], Gourène and Teugels [126], Peng and Zhao [127], Castro-Aguirre and Viverro [128], Randall [129], Nelson and McCarthy [130], Siebert [34], Britz and Kottelat [131], Menezes and De Pinna [132], Stiassny [97], Castro-Aguirre et al. [133], Roberts [134], Borsa et al. [135], Kimura et al. [136], Loeb [13], DiBattista et al. [14] and Randall and DiBattista [137]. B) The 12 biogeographical units used in the ancestral ranges reconstruction analysis; each unit was delimited by landmasses, vast expanses of open ocean and water temperature. ...
The clupeoid fishes are distributed worldwide, with marine, freshwater and euryhaline species living in either tropical or temperate environments. Regional endemism is important at the species and genus levels, and the highest species diversity is found in the tropical marine Indo-West Pacific region. The clupeoid distribution follows two general pattern of species richness, the longitudinal and latitudinal gradients. To test historical hypotheses explaining the formation of these two gradients, we have examined the early biogeography of the Clupeoidei in reconstructing the evolution of their habitat preferences along with their ancestral range distributions on a time-calibrated mitogenomic phylogeny. The phylogenetic results support the distinction of nine main lineages within the Clupeoidei, five of them new. We infer several independent transitions from a marine to freshwater environment and from a tropical to temperate environment that occurred after the initial diversification period of the Clupeoidei. These results combined with our ancestral range reconstruction hypothesis suggest that the probable region of origin and diversification of the Clupeoidei during the Cretaceous period was the tropical marine precursor to the present Indo-West Pacific region. Thus, our study favors the hypotheses of ‘‘Region of origin’’ and ‘‘Tropical conservatism’’ to explain the origins of the longitudinal and latitudinal gradients of clupeoid species richness, respectively. Additional geological and paleontological evidence further define the tropical marine paleo-region of origin as the eastern Tethys Sea region. The Cretaceous fossil record of the Clupeoidei is partially incongruent with the results here as it contains taxa found outside this region. We discuss three possible causes of conflict between our biogeographical hypothesis and the distributions of the Cretaceous clupeoid fossils: regional extinction, incomplete taxonomic sampling and incorrect timescale estimation.
... this species has the highest total gill-raker count (51-56) of specimens we have examined from 15 different populations of Etrumeus (the lowest is from the eastern Paciic, with 41-46; Randall and DiBattista, 2012). the combined ranges of total gill-raker counts for the other two african species are 43-51. ...
a review of the round herrings of the genus Etrumeus from africa is presented based on morphological and molecular evidence. Etrumeus golanii is described from the northern Red sea (and also an immigrant to the Medi-terranean), and Etrumeus wongratanai is described from the east coast of africa, from Durban to northeastern somalia. the species described herein are characterized by reciprocally monophyletic mitochondrial Dna cytochrome b sequences (d = 3.30%), indicating a long period of separation (ca. 1.65 million years). Etrumeus golanii and E. wongratanai were formerly identiied as the northwestern Atlantic species of the genus, E. sadina (regarded as a senior synonym of E. teres), from which they are modally distinct in having 47-51 and 43-47 gill-rakers respectively, versus 48-54. E. wongratanai and E. whiteheadi from south africa are sympatric near Durban, but are distinct based on mtDna sequence divergence (d = 19.0%), the number of vertebrae (52 or 53 for E. wongratanai versus 50), and gill-raker count (51-56 for E. white-headi versus 43-47). RÉSUMÉ. -Revue des shadines rondes africaines du genre Etrumeus (Clupeidae : Dussumieriinae) et description de deux nouvelles espèces.
In Mexico, the round herring Etrumeus acuminatus is caught along with other small pelagic fishes of the Western Baja California Sur coast (WBCSC) and Gulf of California. This species has a discontinuous distribution on the eastern margin of the Pacific Ocean, and its population structure and dynamics are unknown. In this study, we evaluated the direct determination of age using otoliths, estimated length at first sexual maturity (L50), and individual growth parameter determination of round herrings caught off the WBCSC. A total of 731 specimens were collected through monthly biological sampling from 2012 to 2022. Age-length data were obtained from 617 otoliths. The growth was isometric (b = 3); however, the differences in the length-weight relationship were significant between sexes (F = 7621, P < 0.05). Up to seven age groups were identified (0 ± 6). The L50 and individual growth parameters were estimated using a multimodel approach. The Lysack (1979), White et al. (2002), Brouwer & Griffiths (2005), and logistic models showed statistically solid support for L50 estimation in both sexes. The von Bertalanffy model provided the best fit for the data to describe individual growth in both sexes. Significant differences between sexes were detected in the L50 estimates (P < 0.05). However, the differences in growth parameters between sexes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
This study assessed potential variability in batch fecundity and the spawning fraction of round herring Etrumeus micropus in the Pacific coastal waters of Japan. Fish were caught by a research vessel in the Kumano Nada (Kumano Sea) and Tosa Bay in February 2016, and other fish caught by commercial vessels in the Kumano Sea were collected between January 2019 and February 2020. The appearance of hydrated oocytes in the 2016 samples indicated that the fish spawned between midday and evening in the Kumano Sea, whereas they spawned from daytime to nightfall in Tosa Bay. The spawning fraction was estimated using the 2016 samples and was based on presence of post-ovulatory follicles and oocytes during oocyte maturation. The spawning fraction and spawning interval, respectively, were similar between the two areas: 0.17–0.26 and 3.9–5.9 d in the Kumano Sea, and 0.14–0.53 and 1.9–7.0 d in Tosa Bay. Batch fecundity was estimated by counting oocytes during oocyte maturation. The relationships of batch fecundity to body length varied significantly among the monthly samples. Batch fecundity at a given body length increased from January to May. This indicates that the acceleration in individual egg production would have contributed to the increase in egg abundance during the main spawning period. Relative batch fecundity (RBF) ranged from 76 to 142 eggs g⁻¹ of ovary-free female. The 2016 samples showed that RBF was higher in Tosa Bay than in the Kumano Sea. The RBF increased from January to April in the Kumano Sea. A comparison of RBF values for the same month (February) differed significantly between samples in the three years, suggesting interannual variation in RBF. Our data provide essential information for understanding the spawning ecology of round herring and for allowing the egg production method to be applied to estimates of stock biomass.
The Golani’s round herring Etrumeus golanii is an Erythraean small pelagic fish (lessepsian migrant) that entered into the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal. It has expanded its distribution from the east to the western Mediterranean with well-established local populations. We investigated basic aspects of its reproductive biology off the island of Crete (eastern Mediterranean) using ovarian histology and analysis of oocyte size-frequency distributions. The species exhibited a protracted breeding period (winter to early summer), with all ovaries examined during the main spawning season having markers of recent (postovulatory follicles, POFs) or imminent spawning (advanced oocyte batch in germinal vesicle migration or hydration). The advanced batch (AB) increased rapidly in size and was fully separated from the remainder, less developed oocytes in 95% of females with “old” POFs (POFs with signs of degeneration) and all females in final maturation. The growth of the subsequent batch (SB) was arrested at sizes <630 µm until full maturation of the AB. Mean diameter of hydrated oocytes ranged from 1181 to 1325 µm and relative batch fecundity was low ranging from 56 to 157 eggs g-1. The simulation of a coupled hydrodynamic/biogeochemical model (POM/ERSEM) provided evidence that E. golanii takes advantage of the seasonal cycle of planktonic production to reproduce and exhibits monthly changes in batch fecundity that appear to be closely related with the seasonal cycle of mesozooplankton concentration.
An annotated checklist of marine fishes of the Sea of Japan off Yamaguchi
Prefecture, Japan was compiled from specimen and literature surveys. A total of 767
species (484 genera and 199 families), including 74 species that represent the first reliable
records from Yamaguchi Prefecture on the basis of collected specimens and/or
photographs, is listed with citation of literature, registration numbers, sizes, localities
in the prefecture, and some remarks. The following 21 species represent the first records
from the Sea of Japan: Chiloscyllium punctatum (Hemiscylliidae), Proscyllium
habereri (Proscylliidae), Strophidon ui (Muraenidae), Callechelys kuro (Ophichthidae),
Glossanodon lineatus (Argentinidae), Chlorophthalmus acutifrons (Chlorophthalmidae),
Ventrifossa garmani (Macrouridae), Antennatus coccineus (Antennariidae),
Scorpaenopsis papuensis (Scorpaenidae), Synanceia verrucose (Synanceiidae), Epinephelus chlorostigma, Pseudanthias rubrizonatus, Pseudanthias sp. (Serranidae),
Stalix immaculata (Opistognathidae), Chromis katoi (Pomacentridae), Stlengis misakia
(Cottidae), Parapercis aurantiaca (Pinguipedidae), Astrabe flavimaculata, Vanderhorstia
sp. (Gobiidae), Sphyraena jello (Sphyraenidae), and Symphurus orientalis (Cynoglossidae).
