Figure 1 - uploaded by Joakim Hellumbråten Kristensen
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
Several studies have investigated attitudes toward gambling using the Attitudes Towards Gambling Scale (ATGS), however, their findings have not previously been synthesized or systematically reported. Thus, we conducted a systematic literature review on studies employing the ATGS to summarize the current evidence. Database searches were conducted in...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... overview of the study screening and selection process can be found in Figure 1. After removing the duplicate records (N = 2098), the titles and abstracts of the remaining 3090 manuscripts were screened, resulting in 295 full-text manuscripts that were assessed against the inclusion and exclusion criteria. ...
Similar publications
This research focuses on metaphors stated by prospective teachers regarding the concept of the null curriculum, and under which themes these metaphors were collected. The qualitative research method was applied within the research. The data were collected through metaphors. prospective teacher was asked to write a sentence. A total of 161 valid met...
Citations
... This correlation is unsurprising, as research consistently shows that irrational beliefs related to gambling are significantly more common among individuals who have developed gambling addictions (Steenbergh et al., 2002;May et al., 2005;Cocker and Winstanley, 2015;Armstrong et al., 2020;Choi, 2021;Choi and Kim, 2021). As far as attitudes are concerned, the studies are divergent in findings concerning their relation to problem gambling (Hellumbråten Kristensen et al., 2022). However, they are undoubtedly a relevant cognitive variable, and the numerous research findings in favour of more positive attitudes in problem gamblers should not be ignored (Chiu and Storm, 2009;Orford et al., 2009Orford et al., , 2010Canale et al., 2016;Zhou et al., 2018;Andrà et al., 2021). ...
In response to the high prevalence of gambling addiction within the population, a specialised Daily Clinic for Gambling Addiction was established at the University Psychiatric Hospital “St. John” in Zagreb (Croatia). This clinic offers a unique three-month, semi-structured, intensive multidimensional and multidisciplinary treatment approach delivered by a team of specialised mental health professionals. Treatment interventions include individual and group psychotherapy, socioemotional skills training, family therapy, support groups and other modalities. In collaboration with researchers from the University of Zagreb Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, the study team is conducting a scientific evaluation to determine the outcomes of the treatment. This study presents results on its’ short-term effectiveness, based on a sample of N = 209 patients (Mean Age = 33.54; Males = 92.8%; Females = 7.2%) who underwent treatment between 2017 and 2021. To assess the effectiveness of the treatment, a research design incorporating two measurement sessions (pre-test and post-test) was employed. This design utilised a comprehensive battery of validated instruments, each targeting specific constructs or domains of psychosocial functioning that the intervention aims to address. The assessment tools included: (1) Problem Gambling Severity Index-PGSI, (2) Gambling Attitudes Scale—GAS, (3) Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations—CISS, (4) The Gambling Beliefs Scale—short version, (5) Problem Solving and Refusal Skills Scale, (6) Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale—DASS-21, (7) Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale—GSE, and (8) Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. The results indicate significant positive improvements in gamblers’ psychosocial functioning with the following large effect sizes: gambling-related consequences (r = 0.84), task oriented coping (Cohen’s d = 0.79), emotion oriented coping (Cohen’s d = 1.06), attitudes (r = 0.67), superstition (r = 0.61), illusion of control (r = 0.62), depression (r = 0.78), anxiety (r = 0.71), stress (r = 0.73), problem-solving skills (r = 0.73) and general self-efficacy (r = 0.61). The effects on refusal skills (Cohen’s d = 0.48) as well as on alcohol (Cohen’s d = 0.24) and marihuana (r = 0.26) were small to medium. Findings are discussed in terms of appropriate treatment approaches for gambling addiction, methodological challenges in measuring effects and implications for future evaluation research. In general, this treatment protocol provides promising effects for gambling addiction.
... Results indicated two key findings: (1) the positive association between attitudes and frequency were amplified in higher problem gambling risk categories, while the relationship between attitudes and problem gambling was not significant; (2) that when comparing no risk to any risk problem gamblers, the ATGS-8 appears non-invariant. These findings require further discussion and illustrate the importance of considering problem gambling in relation to the measurement of attitudes and work to establish associations between attitudes and gambling frequency (Kristensen et al., 2023). ...
... Given the inconsistencies in gambling attitude-problem gambling correlations throughout the extant literature (Kristensen et al., 2023), the present findings again highlight the importance of considering contextual elements that may influence the formation of attitudes, engagement with gambling behaviours, and experience of problem gambling severity, and conclusions about their interrelationships. For instance, research in younger samples (e.g., Dixon et al., 2016) may introduce floor effects where individuals are restricted from engaging in higher risk forms of gambling); similarly, university student samples appear to hold more negative attitudes towards gambling and be at lower risk of gambling problems than those in the general population (Gainsbury et al., 2014). ...
Individuals’ beliefs and perceptions about gambling are known to influence gambling behaviours. However, the associations between gambling attitudes, gambling frequency, and problem gambling are unclear within the existing literature. The study aimed to elucidate the relationship between gambling attitudes, gambling behaviour, and problem gambling, using responses to the 2018 Northern Territory Gambling Prevalence and Wellbeing Survey. Data from 1629 participants (Mage = 49.87 years; SD = 14.58 years; 51.63% female) who completed the Attitudes Towards Gambling Survey (ATGS), Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), and reported their gambling frequency were analysed. Prior to testing for moderation of the attitude-frequency path by PGSI risk category, the measurement model of the ATGS was assessed for invariance and one item was removed to improve its psychometric properties. Problem gambling severity moderated the relationship between attitudes towards gambling and gambling frequency. The relationship between attitudes towards gambling and gambling behaviour strengthened at higher levels of problem gambling. Results indicate that the higher the risk of problem gambling, the stronger the influence of gambling attitudes on gambling frequency. These findings are discussed in relation to cognitive dissonance, rationalisation, gambling motivation, and the potential implications for problem gambling prevention strategies.
... While the range of ATGS scores is similar for each class, there is a steady increase in overall values as engagement increases. Therefore, enhancing public awareness about gambling-related harm promotes mandatory responsible gambling tools, which are shown to be effective in reducing gambling-related harm and are viewed positively by gamblers (Engebø et al., 2019) and keep following up the ATGS scores overtime using longitudinal approach (Hellumbråten Kristensen et al., 2022). ...
... The individual's level of gambling risk might affect both their attitudes and behavior toward gambling when sportswashing is involved. While findings are mixed, some studies have found that individuals with problem gambling hold more positive attitudes toward gambling overall (Kristensen et al., 2022). Thus, individuals with problem gambling might prioritize their own gambling opportunities and thus be less critical toward and have lower likelihood of avoiding gambling when sportswashing is involved. ...
... Finally, older age and female gender were associated with more critical attitudes toward gambling when sportswashing is involved in the "external-factor" regression. These demographic groups have been found to have more negative attitudes toward gambling in general, which might explain why they are more negative toward the intersection of gambling and sportswashing as well (Kristensen et al., 2022). ...
Sportswashing is defined as individuals, groups, companies, or countries/regimes’ involvement in sports to improve their own reputation and/or to distract from or normalize wrongdoing. This cross-sectional survey is the first empirical study on sportswashing in relation to gambling. The sample consisted of United Kingdom residents who reported past 12-month gambling (N = 786, 50% women, mean age = 45.6, SD = 15.2). We investigated how many were familiar with sportswashing and their attitudes toward gambling when sportswashing is involved. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted on the attitudes scale that was developed for the current study. Multiple regressions were used to examine if individual differences in terms of age, gender, personality, moral foundations, political trust and efficacy, and/or gambling risk were associated with such attitudes. Finally, we examined the percentage of people who avoid gambling on teams/events when sportswashing is involved, including group differences in avoidance and motivations for avoidance according to gambling risk. The results showed that only 32% had heard about sportswashing prior to the survey. CFA indicated that attitudes toward sportswashing and gambling as conceptualized in the scale used in the current study can broadly be categorized into two dimensions: How individuals relate to sportswashing when gambling (“self-factor”) and how individuals think gambling companies and regulators should regulate sportswashing and gambling [an “external-factor,” p < 0.001, CFI = 0.0.996, RMSEA = 0.090, 90% CI (0.077, 0.104)]. Multiple regressions indicated that measures of individual differences explained a significant amount of variance in self-oriented (F (17, 765) = 7.19, p < 0.001, adjusted R² = 0.12) and external-oriented (F (17, 765) = 8.40, p < 0.001. adjusted R² = 0.14) attitude toward gambling and sportswashing. Avoidance of betting when sportswashing is involved was reported by 43%. The proportion was lower among those with moderate gambling risk/problem gambling (35%) compared to those with no/low gambling risk (45%). It is concluded that further scale development could help elucidate individual differences in attitudes toward sportswashing and gambling. Sportswashing remains an important social issue, and the present study indicates that this has high relevance for the gambling field.
Aims: To compare the attitudes towards gambling in Finland by age among women and men from 2011 to 2023. Methods: Four cross-sectional random sample data sets of 15–74-year-olds were collected in 2011, 2015, 2019 and 2023. The data were weighted based on gender, age and residential area. The eight-item Attitude Towards Gambling Scale (ATGS-8) was used. Results: Overall, public attitudes towards gambling were generally unfavourable each year, apart from 2015, when attitudes were favourable. Among women, attitudes became more unfavourable for those aged 15–29 years, whereas they became more favourable for those aged 45 to 74. Among men, attitudes became more unfavourable for those aged 15–44 years, whereas they became more favourable for those aged 60–74 years. Men aged 45–59 years were the only age group with favourable attitudes in 2023. Conclusions: Attitudes towards gambling were mainly unfavourable, with no notable shift observed between 2011 and 2023. The Finnish gambling monopoly system is set to be replaced by a licensing system, opening the online gambling market to competition. Because of this change, it is increasingly important to monitor attitudes towards gambling and possible changes in them in the coming years.
Context
Gambling disorder is a significant public health problem. Despite the significant negative consequences of problem gambling, a relatively small proportion actively seek help for their issues.
Aims
This study was conducted to understand the reasons why people did not seek help for gambling disorders.
Settings and Design
The study was conducted at a public-funded tertiary care centre (National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre [NDDTC], Ghaziabad). The study was a cross sectional and observational design.
Materials and Methods
A total of 486 subjects visiting outpatient as well as inpatient settings were screened for gambling. Fifty participants were diagnosed with gambling disorder and were included in the study. Data were collected using a structured sociodemographic pro forma, Gambling Readiness to Change Scale, Attitude toward Gambling Scale, Gambling Perceived Stigma Scale, Gambling Experiences Stigma Scale, and Barriers to Treatment Inventory.
Statistical Analysis
Pearson’s product-moment coefficient and Kendall’s Tau correlation coefficients were computed. Independent sample t -test, ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis H -test were used for comparisons.
Results
The study identified denial of the problem, perceived and experienced stigma, time conflict, and limited availability and accessibility of treatment facilities as significant barriers to treatment for problem gamblers.
Conclusion
There exists a pressing necessity to impart comprehensive awareness, education, and training to various community stakeholders, including family members, friends, and health-care professionals. It is vital for treatment centers to proactively communicate their broader focus, encompassing not only substance and alcohol use challenges but also problems related to gambling.
Judi merupakan permainan yang umum dilakukan oleh remaja hampir di seluruh dunia. Namun, berbagai permasalahan perjudian dapat mengancam kesehatan masyarakat, untuk itu penting untuk mengevaluasi sikap remaja dalam berjudi yang menjadi alasan remaja memutuskan untuk berkontribusi dalam perjudian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sikap terhadap perilaku perjudian pada remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional, jumlah populasi adalah 594 siswa SMP yang seluruhnya berpartisipasi dalam pengisian kuesioner, sehingga sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala Sikap terhadap perjudian (ATGS-8). Penelitian ini melaporkan mayoritas berada pada usia 14 tahun, berjenis kelamin perempuan, mayoritas merupakan remaja dengan riwayat keluarga berstatus ekonomi sedang, mayoritas memiliki riwayat keluarga tidak pernah berjudi dan tidak pernah mengonsumsi rokok dan minuman beralkohol. Hasil ATGS-8 menunjukkan bahwa separuh remaja menggambarkan sikap negatif, namun memiliki kecenderungan netral terhadap perjudian sebesar 52,5% atau rata-rata sikap sebesar 23,14 (±3,31). Penelitian ini melaporkan bahwa separuh remaja menggambarkan sikap negatif, namun cenderung netral terhadap perjudian.
