TABLE 1 - uploaded by Marcella De Martino
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PORT FOCAL NETS' EXTENSION
Source publication
The paper proposes a theoretical model based on the concept of Supply Chain Management in port environment, aimed at identifying the sources of value creation in an innovative way. The model views the port as a network of actors, resources and activities -the Port Supply Network (PSN) -which co-produce value by promoting a number of interdependenci...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... the subsequent stages all the strategic dyads will be examined in order to highlight all the relationships identifying focal nets in terms of web of actors, activity patterns and resource constellations. Table 1 describes three simplified configurations of Port focal Nets, characterised by a growing extension and complexity of web of actors, activity patterns and resource constellations. This extension reflects the importance of the port in the process of creation and appropriation of value through an increasingly complex set of services, the involvement of a growing number of specialised actors and the use and combination of a broader typology of resources. ...
Similar publications
The paper proposes a theoretical model based on the concept of Supply Chain Management in port environment, aimed at identifying the sources of value creation in an innovative way. The model views the port as a network of actors, resources and activities-the Port Supply Network (PSN)-which co-produce value by promoting a number of interdependencies...
Citations
... Port logistics is a complex process of many activities like ocean shipping, loading/ unloading, transit, storage and inland transport connections (De Martino et al., 2008). Port logistics plays a crucial role in developing the economy of the country. ...
Purpose
In Industry 4.0 era, many existing port logistics systems are inconsistent, old and ineffective and it restricts the effective operations of port logistics. The study aims to understand the issues faced by the players/actors of port logistics in the Industry 4.0 era for emerging economies and to develop a conceptual framework for managing the port logistics issues associated with it and by providing their possible solutions.
Design/methodology/approach
The study is divided into two parts, first part deals with identifying the major port logistics issues in Industry 4.0 era for emerging economies. It is achieved by conducting a semi-structured interview during the field visit to one of the major container handling ports in India. Second, the study adopts Soft System Methodology (SSM) to understand the issues and challenges faced by various actors of port logistics in the Industry 4.0 era and uses CATWOE analysis to identify the root causes.
Findings
Issues related to loading/unloading, transit, storage (warehouse), customs clearance, regulatory authorities, port management unit and inland transport connection providers are considered in the study and using SSM a final implementable model has been developed. This study focuses on analyzing and understanding the complete communication and organization structure of the port logistics system. The study identifies the major issues, various inefficiencies and root causes faced by various actors of port logistics during information sharing, cargo movement, the arrangement of the cargo shipments, etc. Further, the study develops a final implementable model by combining the delivery system, criteria system and Industry 4.0-enabled system.
Research limitations/implications
The study enables concerned authorities like state government, central government and policymakers to have a profound understanding of the issues faced by the actors of the port logistics system. The study brings out valuable insights that help managers and stakeholders to make informed decisions for managing the port logistics issues and develop necessary policies aimed to deliver the cargoes in right place at right time. The current study also has some limitations because of sensitivity associated with concerned areas, due to its confidentiality, lack of availability of complete data and the nonsharing attitude of respondents. Further, the study was conducted only for private container shipping terminals and public container terminals were not included.
Originality/value
This research analyzes the port logistics sector as a whole system through SSM to identify issues and challenges faced by various actors of port logistics for emerging economies in the Industry 4.0 era. The study develops a comprehensive and integrated framework for reducing the unpredictability of costs and time for key processes. Further, the framework creates a transparent platform and helps in bringing standardization to ports.
... The strength of the effectiveness for this kind of organization is the collaboration among the network nodes. "The higher the level of collaboration (integration) among actors, the greater the benefits that they will perceive in promoting interdependencies also among various supply chains" [56]. ...
This paper proposes a re-conceptualization of the port supply chain as a smart service system, in accordance with the theory of service science. Starting from a short literature review about the port supply chain approach and service science, a new comprehensive framework is provided to better understand seaport dynamics and the creation of competitive port supply chains. The methodology used is the case study approach. The Authors examined the Port of Salerno (Italy) and re-conceptualized it as a smart port service system. The originality of the work lies in the application of service science as a lens to re-conceptualize the port supply chain, that allows the implementation of a logistic framework. Both theoretical and practical implications are provided to enrich the literature about port supply chains and to support port operators.
... The strength of the effectiveness for this kind of organization is the collaboration among the network nodes. "The higher the level of collaboration (integration) among actors, the greater the benefits that they will perceive in promoting interdependencies also among various supply chains" [56]. ...
This paper proposes a re-conceptualization of the port supply chain as a smart service system, according to the theory of the Service science. Starting from a short literature review about the port supply chain approach and the Service science, a new comprehensive framework is provided to better understand the seaport dynamics and the creation of competitive port supply chains. The methodology used is the case study approach. The authors examined the port of Salerno (Italy), and re-conceptualized it as a smart port service systems. Both theoretical and practical implications are provided to enrich the literature about the port supply chain and to support the port operators.
... Tongzon et al. (2009) analysed port's supply chain orientation from the perspectives of port's services providers, i.e. the terminal operators, and the shipping companies and they measured the extent to which the shipping companies perceive terminals to be supply chain oriented and investigate whether there is a convergence of perceptions between terminals and shipping companies. De Martino et al. (2010) considered the port as a network of actors, resources and activities, which co-produce value by promoting a number of interdependencies among the supply chains passing through the port. As already Robinson (2002) pointed out, a port can be considered as a Third Party Logistics (TPL) provider that intervenes in a series of different companies' supply chains and he stressed in his paper the integrative practices undertaken by shipping companies for the supply of complex logistical services, from intermodal transport to distribution of goods. ...
Sea ports play an important role in global trade and for economic growth even by taking under account that global maritime traffic underlies a high level of concentration in a limited number of large ports. An important characteristic of the majority of sea ports is their contribution to economic growth and regional development based on their surrounding logistics intensive clusters usually comprising enterprises from service and industrial sector. In Europe a large number of seaports play an important role as logistics hub in the concept of green transport corridors so that their development has to be oriented on the needs as logistics service node as a part of the hub network of a green transport corridor as well as on their own targets as a sea port cluster. Both concepts the green transport corridor as well as the sea port cluster embrace common aims like sustainability and inter-organizational cooperation but there are also conflicting objectives. Since the author took part in some important green transport corridor initiatives around the Baltic Sea, the paper presents results about sustainable development of seaport clusters which are at the same time transshipment hubs in green transport corridors. The discussions will be enriched by empiric data and case studies from several EU projects.
... According to the ARA model, the focal net can be constructed by analysing all the dyads considered strategic from the focal firm perspective (H?kansson & Johanson, 1992). With reference to the port context, terminal operator can be considered as the focal firm (De Martino, Morvillo & Marasco, 2010). Starting from this, in a first stage all the dyads between terminal operators and their direct clients (shipping companies) will be analysed. ...
The chapter addresses the issue of port value creation from a supply chain integration (SCI) perspective. Based on the concept of supply chain management (SCM), a theoretical model is proposed aimed at identifying the sources of value creation in port environment. The model views the port as a network of actors, resources and activities that co-produces value by promoting a number of interdependencies and assumes that the competitiveness of this port supply network increasingly depends on its "organisational component" as it affects the quality of services including range of logistics services, information and communication technology (ICT) solutions, know-how, and relationships in the port network itself. The final purpose of this model is the definition of a pro-active role of port in supply chain integration and therefore to support port authorities in defining their strategies in the context of growing complexity affecting both the port community and the external competitive arena.
According to Carbone and De Martino, a port is an entity involved in delivering value to the end consumer. A requirement for good port performance is the ability to compete through cargo handling in addition to connectivity with the overall supply chain. The types of logistics entities in each port are different, making coordination between them is difficult. In each of these relationships, the operators of a specific port create a logistical value, which relates to the efficient and effective receipt of goods for consumers. (Lee, E.S. & Song, D.W. (2010). Knowledge management for maritime logistics value: discussing conceptual issues. Maritime Policy and Management. Vol. 37 No. 6, p. 226-242)) During the last decade there have been three trends in the development of logistics: integration; specialization; and innovation. This article explores recent studies concerning supply chain integrations designed to create value for consumers. This is followed by a discussion of studies exploring developments from logistics coverage to supply chain management, in order to identify the predominant directions currently being promoted in ports with regards to value creation for consumers, especially consumers of goods transported by sea. Finally, the study considers the value created by port logistics in Indonesia. Keywords: Logistics; Ships; Transit
